14^cheap slides are painted—we should have said daubed. Three colourswill <strong>of</strong>ten constitute a coloured slide, blue sky, green trees <strong>and</strong> a brownforeground, <strong>and</strong> these sell <strong>complete</strong> including the photograph from i/-toi/6 each.To colour <strong>and</strong> make up a slide, as it should be, will sometimes takean artist a day, others <strong>of</strong> course only a few hours, where a photograph isweak, or wanting detail, the artist will strengthen it up in painting, <strong>and</strong>in the case <strong>of</strong> figures, they will be so painted up as to st<strong>and</strong> out in relief,<strong>and</strong> rotundity, strengthening the shadows, <strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong>ten merely using thephotograph as a basis whereon to work up his picture.Figure subjects require very special working up, to give them a life-likeappearance, otherwise they appear flat, the more indistinct a photographthe harder it is to colour <strong>and</strong> greater the skill required to make it effective.A great deal is said pro <strong>and</strong> con, about h<strong>and</strong> paintings, our opinion isthat an entirely h<strong>and</strong> painted slide for some subjects is most essential,in fact has no equal, in the case <strong>of</strong> effects, especially when transparencyis taken into consideration. L<strong>and</strong>scapes <strong>and</strong> views should have a photographicbasis, as detail to the same extent cannot be obtained by anentire h<strong>and</strong> painting, <strong>and</strong> again the cost is considerably lessened by thiscourse, a good photograph well painted, is a picture <strong>and</strong> a pleasure, buta photograph daubed is an eyesore <strong>and</strong> cannot be appreciated.<strong>The</strong> day for glaring red, blue <strong>and</strong> yellow is fast waning, art tints <strong>and</strong>s<strong>of</strong>t neutrals are steadily advancing in favour <strong>and</strong> appreciation by thosewith an artistic mind, <strong>and</strong> we hope that the time will come when thecheap <strong>and</strong> nasty will not be tolerated at any price.THE ART OF SLIDE PAINTING.We do not wish to damp the ardour <strong>of</strong> those who have a taste <strong>and</strong>possibly the ability for tinting photographs, some amateur pictures arefairly passable but never come up to the st<strong>and</strong>ard <strong>of</strong> those done bypr<strong>of</strong>essional h<strong>and</strong>s, singular though this may appear it is neverthelesstrue, (that genial <strong>and</strong> graphic contributor to the English Mechanic, aloneexcepted) he was an artist only as a hobby, <strong>and</strong> under the nom deplu7ne ' Sable ' was ever ready to give aspirants the benefit <strong>of</strong> hisexperience. <strong>The</strong> amateur commencing will have his patience <strong>of</strong>tencalled into requisition <strong>and</strong> sorely tried, but constant practice on oldphotographs is required, <strong>and</strong> it not liked when finished, wash <strong>of</strong>f, <strong>and</strong>go over the whole again ; no half measures or royal roads are attached toslide painting. Have ready to h<strong>and</strong> the following :—A bottle <strong>of</strong> puremastic varnish, a little oil <strong>of</strong> almonds, some good turpentine <strong>and</strong> a little
147crystal varnish, some red sable brushes assorted o to 6, some pieces otclean rag free from lint, half flat camel hair brush for dusting ; keep asmall gallipot near you containing turpentine, in which cleanse thebrushes frequently or they become stiff <strong>and</strong> gummy, not working withthe ease they should, have a slab <strong>of</strong> glass <strong>and</strong> a white pallete or two.<strong>The</strong> student will foresee that it is intended to use oil colours, as withoutdoubt oil colours have a great advantage in many directions overwater colours, especially when the colour is laid on a film, when itexp<strong>and</strong>s with the heat <strong>of</strong> the <strong>lantern</strong> the water tints crack, which is notthe case with oil ; water is wholly unadapted to glass painting by theamateur. Brush dabbers or s<strong>of</strong>teners for dabbing on the sky are als<strong>of</strong>alse friends. <strong>The</strong> best <strong>and</strong> cleanest dabber is the finger (the littlefinger is the h<strong>and</strong>iest), the nail should be kept short, <strong>and</strong> then either thebroad part or the extreme tip will be available,as occasion may require,to prevent the grain <strong>of</strong> the finger showing on the sky, keep k verysmooth by rubbing down with pumice.Colours.—<strong>The</strong> following transparent colours may be had in tubes ina concentrated form, one tube being sufficient for a hundred slides ormore :— Ivory black, Prussian blue, burnt umber, burnt sienna (orange^,V<strong>and</strong>yke brown, crimson lake, Italian pink, scarlet, <strong>and</strong> purple, the latterwith yellows <strong>and</strong> carmine are difficult tints to make transparent.<strong>The</strong> reds, rose madder, <strong>and</strong> madder lake are not good drying colours,but with a medium <strong>of</strong> crystal varnish <strong>and</strong> a little oil <strong>of</strong> almonds, theymay be made workable, mixed colours <strong>and</strong> neutrals are made by mixingtwo or more colours, the latter mostly by the addition <strong>of</strong> a third.Fig. 68.Easel.—<strong>The</strong> painting desk shown in the illustration is as good aform as any in use, it can be made by the student if he is <strong>of</strong> a mechanicalK 2
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THEPROJECTIO,MA GIC LANTERN MANUAL
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OCSBLIBRAPY
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..INDEXA.Adjustment of a JclAlumini
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—increased by the aid of a powerf
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far back as 1811. Lanterns of the a
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mixadvisable to have a mahogany, or
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8A condenser can only take those ra
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There is a considerable difference
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12occasions, it is only necessary t
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14Triplexicon was first made it was
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i6aid of two screws. The two slots
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perfection, combustion, and purity,
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20back of lantern, in that case the
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sumed, the flow should be adjusted
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24which is passed over the rod, and
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26gases to be shut off without dist
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28made in their get up. We have nev
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3tserve to distribute the same to t
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(V>ao—IH
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;33the thing a study, and used such
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V>-is:a
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35who designed the body of this lan
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37far back but equally flat to the
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39ceding one, therefore giving grea
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4tthe same as they do, in fact it i
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—43reducing same as low as possib
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45With all three discs, as coincide
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47and the slides may be placed in a
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49inch and inch and-a-half screws,
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SIshowing, gently push back the cov
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53sun rising and illuminating the p
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55large slides it was necessary to
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57A. Is a right angle prism, being
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59small diameter as through an obje
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—6isize of disc can be produced.
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—63COMPRESSED GASES.Compressed ga
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6sNO DANGER WITH GAS CYLINDERS,OR B
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"67valves are of little use as a me
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69to reach our compressors without
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——71ascertain their bursting po
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—73bottles black, and hydrogen (o
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;Having blown through every tube to
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77controlling the flow of compresse
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79The Duplex.—The chieffeaturecon
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—8icarries the gas to the orifice
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83the above-mentioned tube, whilst
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8sTable for Ascertaining the Quanti
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87On no account use two separate bo
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89virtue, and if required to be use
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91In finishing up, turn out the hgh
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93good support in one sense— but
- Page 109 and 110: 95another takes its place without a
- Page 111 and 112: 97opposite side to that which he is
- Page 113 and 114: 99without doubt, this is the only t
- Page 115 and 116: lOIFig 56.SCREEN FRAMES.Considerabl
- Page 117 and 118: I03and hauled up. The pulley blocks
- Page 119 and 120: PRACTICAL HINTS TO INTENDING LECTUR
- Page 121 and 122: 107as well as the lecturer, a syste
- Page 123 and 124: 109Fig. 57- Fig. 58.READING LAMP.A
- Page 125 and 126: oils have to be substituted simply
- Page 127 and 128: 1^3Fig. 54.A cheap but none the les
- Page 129 and 130: 115Directions.— Having thoroughly
- Page 131 and 132: 117objectives which will not give s
- Page 133 and 134: 119is immersed, then as the water e
- Page 135 and 136: 12Ireadily splits up by cleavage) a
- Page 137 and 138: 123particular kind of structure und
- Page 139 and 140: 125the complementary colour to red
- Page 141 and 142: 127of a combined microscope and pol
- Page 143 and 144: 129without this defect is well nigh
- Page 145 and 146: 131diameter, and focus, the general
- Page 147 and 148: 133The loss of light is not so grea
- Page 149 and 150: 135cheap as circular pattern, but t
- Page 151 and 152: ^37A variety of subjects may be tre
- Page 153 and 154: —139on an average far superior re
- Page 155 and 156: —141development, immerse in the f
- Page 157 and 158: 143Hydrokinone.Solution I. Solution
- Page 159: —145Add r drop of solution of Bro
- Page 163 and 164: 149boiled oil to the medium. Perfec
- Page 165 and 166: ;151sienna to impart warmth without
- Page 167 and 168: iS3front glass injuring the paintin
- Page 169 and 170: 155Fig 73-Fig 74.handle to which th
- Page 171 and 172: ;157follows :—one end of the fram
- Page 173 and 174: 159on any slide providing it is dar
- Page 175 and 176: i6iTrough, which consists of two gl
- Page 177 and 178: —i63It is advisable to fill the t
- Page 179 and 180: i65matter on the surface of the pur
- Page 181 and 182: —167planation we have indicated i
- Page 183 and 184: 169single light box is very mislead
- Page 185 and 186: ADVERTISEMENTS.
- Page 187 and 188: ADVERTISEMENTS. 173HAZELL, WATSON,
- Page 189 and 190: ADVERTISEMENTS.I75Brilliant Effect.
- Page 191 and 192: ;ADVERTISEMENTS.ILIFFE & SOIL'SP HO
- Page 193 and 194: ADVERTISEMENTS. 179ENORMOUS SUCCESS
- Page 195 and 196: ADVERTISEMENTS.HUGHES' NEW PATTERN
- Page 197 and 198: ADVERTISEMENTS. 183RussianJronJLamp
- Page 199 and 200: TheADVERTISEMENTS. 185THE GRIND BIU
- Page 201 and 202: nothingADVF.RTISE^[E^TS.iS7HUGHES'H
- Page 203 and 204: THE MINIATURE MALDEN TRIPLE.HUGHES'
- Page 205 and 206: No. 1 Lantern.THE: UNIVERSALMAGICLA
- Page 207 and 208: !ADVERTISEM ENTS.Hughes' Special Pa
- Page 209 and 210: :ADVERTISEMENTS. 191To Lecturers an
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ADVERT iSF.MENTS.1^3I^ ANTERNNEGATI
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ENGLANDSLANTERNAREPLATESUNSURPASSED
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A 000 618 714