The Art of projection and complete magic lantern ... - Yesterday Image

^37A variety of subjects may be treated in this manner shading the weakerand giving extra exposure to the extreme whites and dark portions ofthe negatives, thin skies, distance and figures are all improved, cloudsmay be printed in from another negative, by shading the already exposedlandscape, in this case a slight outline must be traced and the shadingpaper cut accordingly, a little of the clouds run into the landscape is notperceptable when the enlargement is developed.Under Exposure gives extreme black and white adding a snowlike appearance, all the intermediate tones being lost. A very densenegative when used with a bad light will sometimes give the same effect.Over Exposure is preferable to the former, as in all photographicwork, it may be somewhat modified in development. A thin negativeshould not have a strong light behind or the print will lack contrast, thesame as an over exposed picture, the light may always be reduced byplacing a card-board stop between the illuminant and condenser or inthe front lens.Testing the Exposure.—To start, cut three strips of bromidepaper from the margin of a sheet, or keep a sheet to cut up for thispurpose, in lengths of say 6 in. 4-in. and 3-in. placing them on thewall or easel by means of pins (we find ladies' long hat pins with abeaded end preferable to drawing pins) so that each receives a fairportion of the contrasts in the negative, of course this must all bedone with the non-actinic cap covering the lens, then give the variousexposures : to the longest strip the greatest exposure, the shortest stripthe shortest exposure, for instance, the large strip 3 minutes, the mediumslip 2 minutes and the smallest i minute, develop together and notethecontrasts.TO ENLARGE WITHOUT AN APPARATUS OR CONDENSER.Some time since, in making some experiments with a view to enlargefrom a large negative with an ordinary lantern with a 4-in. condenser,we discovered that this is to be done, but the loss of light is very great,and is not to be compared to a proper apparatus.Fig.67 shows how this may be arranged,—a sheet of ground glass thesize of the negative to defuse the light is fixed upright, (7, on to this abeam of light is thrown from the ordinary lantern, either oil or limelight.It is most necessary that the lens be attached to the lantern, otherwisean image of tl;e illuminant is thrown on the ground glass, this is taken upby the lens and transmitted to the screen. Flat to the ground glass G.