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Country act SheetsCountry act SheetsAGHANISTANIndicator Year Estimate SourcePopulation (millions) 2000 21.77 SYAP, UN ESCAP*, 2001Population growth (1999–2001) N.A. N.A. —Annual population growth (%) 2000 2.7 SYAP, UN ESCAP, 2001Population density (per sq. km) 1979(census) 20 SYAP, UN ESCAP, 2001Sex ratio (females per 1,000 males) N.A. N.A. —Crude Birth Rate (per 1000) 1999 48.9 SYAP, UN ESCAP, 2001Crude Death Rate (per 1000) 1999 19.4 SYAP, UN ESCAP, 2001Total ertility Rate (per woman) N.A. N.A. —Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births) N.A. N.A. —Maternal Mortality Ratio (per 100,000 live 1995 820 UN Statistics Division,births)Millennium IndicatorsDatabase, 2002Human Development Index rank N.A. N.A. —Adult literacy rates (% age 15 and above) N.A. N.A. —Population below income poverty line(%) N.A. N.A. —($ 1 a day) (1993) (PPP US$)Urban population (%) * N.A. N.A. —Life expectancy (years) N.A. N.A. —GDP per capita (PPP US$) N.A. N.A. —Population using adequate sanitation 2000 12 UN Statistics Division,facilities (%)Millennium IndicatorsDatabase, 2002Population using improved water sources (%) 2000 13UN Statistics Division,Millennium IndicatorsDatabase, 2002Public expenditure on health (as % of GDP) N.A. N.A. —Private health expenditure (% of GDP) N.A. N.A. —Physicians per 100,000 population N.A. N.A. —Population with access to essential drugs (%) N.A. N.A. —HIV prevalence among adults (%) N.A. N.A. —Note: N.A. indicates not available* Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific (SYAP), United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asiaand the Pacific (UNESCAP), 2001Country Profilel One of the poorest countries in the region.l Devastated by protracted armed conflicts since1978.l Large number of internally displaced persons.l Women’s rights suppressed for several years.l Lack of social and health infrastructure, whichimpedes access to essential services.l Placed at 173 out of a list of 191 countries by WHOin its June 2000 ranking of healthcare.l More than 2 million Afghan refugees in Pakistan.l More than 1.5 million Afghan refugees in Iran.Source: Country Profile and HIV/AIDS scenario extract from - www.youandaids.orgHIV/AIDS Scenariol Information on HIV/AIDS is scant.l Vulnerability factors indicate the possibility ofrapid spread of the epidemic if preventive effortsare not taken immediately.l Low socio-political and economic status ofwomen.l Large numbers of displaced people.l Extremely poor social and public healthinfrastructure.l World’s largest producer of opium, from whichheroin is derived.l Drug trafficking, use of injecting drugs and lack ofblood safety practices identified as factors thatcould fuel the epidemic.Regional Human Development ReportHIV/AIDS and Development in South Asia 2003 193
Country act SheetsBANGLADESHIndicator Year Estimate SourcePopulation (millions) 2000 137.4 Global HDR 2002Population growth (1999–2001) N.A. N.A. —Annual population growth (%) 1975–2000 2.4 Global HDR 2002Population density (per sq. km) 2001 (census) 834 SYAP, UN ESCAP, 2001Sex Ratio (females per 1,000 males) 2001 933 World BankCrude Birth Rate (per 1000) 1999 19.8 SYAP, UN ESCAP, 2001Crude Death Rate (per 1000) 1999 4.8 SYAP, UN ESCAP, 2001Total ertility Rate (per woman) 1995–2000 3.8 Global HDR 2002Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births) 2000 54 Global HDR 2002Maternal Mortality Ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1985–99 350 Global HDR 2002Human Development Index rank 2000 145 Global HDR 2002Adult literacy rates (% age 15 and above) 2000 41.3Global HDR 2002Population below income poverty line(%) 1983–2000 29.1 Global HDR 2002($ 1 a day) (1993) (PPP US$)Urban population (%) 2000 25.0 Global HDR 2002Life expectancy at birth (years) 2000 59.4 Global HDR 2002GDP per capita (PPP US$) 2000 1602 Global HDR 2002Population using adequate sanitation facilities (%) 2000 53Global HDR 2002Population using improved water sources (%) 2000 97 Global HDR 2002Public expenditure on health (as % of GDP) 1998 1.7 Global HDR 2002Private health expenditure (% of GDP) 1998 1.9 Global HDR 2002Physicians per 100,000 population 1990–99 20 Global HDR 2002Population with access to essential drugs (%) 1999 50-79 Global HDR 2002HIV prevalence among adults (%) 2001
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It is now well accepted that HIV/AI
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© United Nations Development Progr
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OverviewGlobally, the Human Develop
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AcknowledgementsCombating HIV/AIDS
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The TeamHDRC: K. Seeta Prabhu, Sura
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ContentsCHAPTER 1Introduction1.1 Th
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Contents3.2 African AIDS is not a s
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GlossaryAIDSAcquired Immuno-deficie
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Introduction2Regional Human Develop
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Introductioncases, the region has t
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IntroductionAlthough theHIV/AIDS in
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IntroductionBox 1.2Human developmen
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IntroductionBox 1.3Millennium Devel
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Nexus between Human Development and
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The HIV/AIDS Epidemics of South Asi
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDS“An impo
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSincrease t
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSsupport an
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSBox 4.3Sti
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSBox 4.5Bad
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSnumber of
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSnegotiate
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSBox 4.6Ind
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSTable 4.2I
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSsociety in
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSReforms co
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSSource: WH
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSBox 4.12Me
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSclients an
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSand develo
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSparticular
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSTable 4.5S
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSBox 4.16Th
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSBox 4.17Hu
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSnuisance.
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Human Rights and HIV/AIDSand autono
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The Way orwardRegional Human Develo
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The Way orward“The social andpoli
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The Way orwardis not a desirable on
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The Way orwarddevelopment, divert s
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The Way orwardProviding ARV treatme
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The Way orward5.5 Adolescent Sexual
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The Way orwardwomen’s lives are t
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The Way orwardcomprehensive guidanc
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Page 157 and 158: Endnotes17 Bandhu, 200218 UNAIDS/WH
Page 159 and 160: Endnotes56 Pradhan, 199857 Malla, 2
Page 161 and 162: Endnoteson Economic, Social and Cul
Page 163 and 164: Annexure IRegional Human Developmen
Page 165 and 166: Annexure ICountry Treaty Concluding
Page 167 and 168: Annexure IAnnexure IIInternational
Page 169 and 170: Technical Note - ATechnical Note -
Page 171 and 172: Technical Note - A(EDEP) is calcula
Page 173 and 174: Technical Note - Bvalue is to the u
Page 175 and 176: Technical Note - Bsubstantial degre
Page 177 and 178: Technical Note - Bthe rate of growt
Page 179 and 180: Technical Note - BThe full list of
Page 181 and 182: Technical Note - B(13) H =(α∗ρ
Page 183 and 184: Technical Note - BTable T1Human dev
Page 185 and 186: Technical Note - BTable T3(b)HIV/AI
Page 187 and 188: Technical Note - BTable T7HIV/AIDS
Page 189 and 190: Technical Note - BDominican Republi
Page 191 and 192: Statistical TablesStatistical Table
Page 193 and 194: Statistical TablesTable 3Profile of
Page 195 and 196: Statistical TablesRegional Human De
Page 197: Country act SheetsRegional Human De
Page 201 and 202: Country act SheetsINDIAIndicator Ye
Page 203 and 204: Country act SheetsMALDIVESIndicator
Page 205 and 206: Country act SheetsPAKISTANIndicator
Page 207: Country act SheetsRegional Human De
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