STRATEGIC PLAN - ASPE - U.S. Department of Health and Human ...

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CHAPTER 3: Public Health Promotion and Protection, Disease Prevention,and Emergency PreparednessGlobal Health InitiativesHHS’s MandateThe mandate of the U.S. Department of Healthand Human Services is to protect the health of theAmerican people. Events in recent years, however, havemade it clear that our efforts to protect Americans’health cannot end at our borders.Pathogens and other threats to human health are asmobile as we are, and have become more and moredangerous through growing drug resistance andnatural mutations. As the world’s population becomesincreasingly mobile, and as diseases change, our ownhealth becomes more and more intertwined with theworld’s health.The health of other nations is also closely tied to economicproductivity, social stability, and good governance. Sucheconomic, social, and political realities clearly intersectwith our national interest, and further compel us toaddress a variety of global health concerns.Health-related programming can also hold a specialplace as a foreign-policy tool for the U.S. Government.Our work to improve global health demonstratesthe generosity of the American people. Given theuniversal value populations place on good health,evidence-based, public-health interventions can help totranscend political boundaries.Meeting its MandateHHS works to improve global health through directassistance, technical and program support, trainingand capacity building, and through research.Within HHS, CDC works to detect, verify, and quicklyrespond to outbreaks of infectious diseases aroundthe globe and to control other health threats attheir origin to prevent international spread. Tomaintain the safety of the American people, FDAregulates millions of products produced abroad. NIHaddresses global health challenges through innovative,collaborative research and training programs, andthrough international partnerships. SAMHSAworks with postconflict and postdisaster countriesto enable stakeholders to work together to addressthe mental health needs of their peoples. It alsohelps to administer programs to train and supportmental health professionals from developing nations.Building on its leadership of the domestic Ryan WhiteHIV/AIDS Program, HRSA provides training andquality improvement interventions in the President’sEmergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR).HHS has a significant international presence. HHSstaff—both civil servants and USPHS officers—servearound the globe. These dedicated professionals workto improve the health of the world—through theirwork on PEPFAR, the President’s Malaria Initiative(PMI), the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI),or through work to encourage innovative, cooperativebiomedical research with researchers from othercountries. HHS also regularly sends its staff to work ashealth attachés in U.S. Embassies and Missions abroad.These health attachés represent the U.S. Government tohost-country ministries of health and to internationalorganizations such as WHO.AchievementsThrough its work in international health, HHS boasts anumber of significant accomplishments. In the first 3years of PEPFAR, in 15 focus countries in Africa, Asia,and the Caribbean, HHS, through the efforts of CDC,FDA, and HRSA, has played a significant role in theU.S. Government’s support of antiretroviral treatmentfor 820,000 people living with HIV/AIDS. In its rolein PEPFAR, HHS has also joined the U.S. effort insupporting care for almost 4½ million people, including2 million orphans and vulnerable children, as well ascounseling and testing for 18.6 million people.88 HHS Strategic Plan FY 2007-2012
CHAPTER 3: Public Health Promotion and Protection, Disease Prevention,and Emergency PreparednessIn the first year of PMI, which HHS and the UnitedStates Agency for International Development(USAID) implement jointly, PMI delivered life-savinginterventions to prevent and control malaria in the firstthree countries (Angola, Tanzania, and Uganda). Nearly1 million long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets(ITNs) were distributed; approximately half a millionITNs that were not long lasting were re-treated; morethan 2 million people were protected from malariaafter the interiors of their homes were sprayed withinsecticides; and approximately 1.2 million treatmentsof artemisinin-based combination therapy wereprocured and distributed.Through CDC’s participation in the GPEI, HHS hasplayed a significant role in spearheading the globalfight to eradicate polio. At the launch of the GPEI in1988, polio was endemic in more than 125 countries,and paralyzed 350,000 children each year. In 2006,only 1,985 people were paralyzed by polio, and now,only 4 endemic countries remain. CDC continues toprovide significant technical expertise and support togovernments and international organizations in thefight to eradicate polio.HHS, through the work of CDC, is a core partner inthe global Measles Initiative, which also includes theAmerican Red Cross, United Nations Foundation,United Nations Children’s Fund, and WHO. The workof this initiative has had a significant effect on measlesdeaths globally. Such deaths have fallen by 60 percentworldwide, from an estimated 873,000 deaths in 1999,to 345,000 in 2005. In Africa, measles deaths fell by 75percent, from an estimated 506,000 to 126,000 in thatsame period. A concerted initiative in the Americassince 2002 has eliminated endemic measles from theWestern Hemisphere.Interagency EffortsWe also know that we cannot achieve our global healthgoals alone. In our work, HHS partners with manyother Departments, including the U.S. Departmentsof State, Defense, Agriculture, Homeland Security, andCommerce. HHS also collaborates closely with USAIDand with EPA. HHS also enjoys excellent bilateralpartnerships with other governments, as well as goodworking relationships with multilateral organizations,nongovernmental and faith-based organizations, andwith the private sector.HHS is also committed to working to achieve several ofthe Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) developedby the United Nations. Eight MDGs were developedin September 2000 at the United Nations MillenniumSummit to help provide a framework for leaders toimprove the health and well-being of men, women,and children around the world. The intent is to makesignificant improvement in these areas by 2015. Of theMDGs developed, HHS is particularly focused on MDG4 (reduce child mortality), MDG 5 (improve maternalhealth), and MDG 6 (combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, andother diseases).Important as international health may be today,addressing its challenges will be crucial in the future.If the U.S. Government is to continue its leadership inglobal affairs, it must continue to foster these hightech,public health instruments for engaging the world,both to mitigate global health risks and to strengthenU.S. public diplomacy abroad.HHS Strategic Plan FY 2007-201289
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIE
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Appendix h: endnotesXXX.CDC. (2005)
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