ConferencesCONFERENCE REPORTIWSE <strong>2005</strong>INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON SEISMO ELECTROMAGNETICSChofu, Tokyo, Japan, 15 - 17 March <strong>2005</strong>This IWSE was organized by The University ofElectro-Communications (UEC) and its Research Stationon Seismo Electromagnetics, also sponsored by <strong>URSI</strong>(International Union of <strong>Radio</strong> <strong>Science</strong>) Commission E, theSociety of Atmospheric Electricity of Japan, and Instituteof Electrical Engineers of Japan, and financially supportedby several foundations.The workshop was intended to provide a scientificforum on the rapidly-growing challenging science on seismoelectromagnetics (electromagnetic phenomena associatedwith earthquakes and lithosphere-atmosphere-ionospherecoupling), and attracted about 200 participants from about30 countries (including 80 foreign participants).The workshop was started with two welcomingaddresses ; the first one was given by Prof. A. P. Mitra(Honorary President of <strong>URSI</strong>, India), who showed a lot ofinterests in this new science field and showed a strong desirethat India would participate in this study. The next one wasgiven by Prof. T. Masuda, President of UEC, who expressedhis interest on the hopeful future of seismo electromagneticsas the possible earthquake prediction.44 oral papers (11 key papers and 33 contributedpapers) and also 110 poster papers were presented (as thetotal of 143 papers). The key sessions are concerned with(1)seismo-lithospheric effect, (2)signal processing ofseismogenic phenomena, (3)seismo-atmospheric and -ionospheric phenomena and lithosphere-atmosphereionospherecoupling, and (4)spaceborne observations ofseismogenic phenomena.In these reviews the authors have presented somebrief review on each topic and then they have presentedtheir own latest results. The physical cause of pre-seismicelectromagnetic emissions has been discussed in term ofelectronic charge carries (known as positive holes) in typicalcrustal rocks, and this concept has been applied to the Chichiearthquake in Taiwan. The ULF activity jointly done byRIKEN and NASDA frontier groups has been reviewed,with an emphasis on the use of sophisticated signal processingfor seismogenic ULF emissions. Also, new observations onULF emissions have been presented on the basis of dataobserved at Kamchatka.The importance of sophisticated signal processinghas been suggested in order to find out any seismogenicemissions. Then, seismo-atmospheric perturbations havebeen studied with the use of over-horizon VHF signal, andalso the corresponing seismo-ionospheric perturbationshave been observed by different methods (satelliteobservations, subionospheric VLF/LF propagation, TEC(Total electron contents) etc.) .A few possible mechanisms of ionosphericperturbations have been suggested ; (1) Effect of DCelectric field and (2) atmospheric gravity waves. In the 4thkey session, we were extremely excited with looking at thefirst observational results from the two satellite projects(French DEMETER and American QuakeSat), in whichvery promising observational results have been presentedin possible future collaboration with the ground-basedobservation for the study of lithosphere-atmosphereionospherecoupling mechanism.Also, there have been presented interesting results onremote sensing from satellites of Earth’s surface by passiveand active soundings. Surface temperature is found toincrease by a few degrees near the active fault of the futureearthquake about one week before the earthquake.A lot of new observational and theoretical works havebeen presented in the oral and poster sessions, especially onthe DC seismic electric signals, ULF emissions, ELF/VLFemissions and electromagnetic emissions in higher frequencyeven up to microwave. Again, sophisticated signalprocessing including natural time-domain method, fractal(mono- and multi-fractal) analysis etc, have been proposedand applied to the analysis for DC and ULF electromagneticfield changes. Japanese contribution was very noticeable inthe subject of over-horizon VHF signal reception associatedwith earthquakes. A new discovery has been presented onthe anomalous behavior of Schumann resonances observedin Japan, in possible association with the Chi-chi erarthquakein Taiwan, and it attracted a lot of attention from theparticipants.Seismo-atmospheric and –ionospheric perturbationshave been extensively studied. Ionospheric perturbationshave been studied by means of different methods including76The<strong>Radio</strong> <strong>Science</strong> <strong>Bulletin</strong> No <strong>313</strong> (<strong>June</strong>, <strong>2005</strong>)
satellite observation, bottomside sounding, GPS methodand also our subionospheric VLF/LF propagation.A special poster session on the precursoryelectromagnetic phenomena for the recent Japaneseearthquakes (Tokachi-oki, Kii peninsula, Mid NiigataPrefecture earthquakes etc.) has been organized, beingconsisting of 11 posters. Some new directions appeared; (1)the use of direction finding to locate the source, (2) a newapproach to detect anomalous geoelectrical areas bymonitoring the malfunction of radio telemetry network, (3)ELF Schumann resonances as a probe of earthquakes etc.These poster papers attracted a lot of attention of theparticipants and some mass media.The details of the workshop can be found in theAbstracts and in the website, http://www.iwse.ee.uec.ac.jp. You will be able to enjoy the friendly atmosphere of theworkshop and also the high-quality scientific paperspresented there.Two special issues are planned to collect the papersnot only presented in the IWSE, but also those which couldnot unfortunately be presented there. One is a special issuein IEEJ entitled “Recent Progress in SeismoElectromagnetics” (Guest Editor, M. Hayakawa), and willappear in April, 2006. Another will be a special issue inPhys. Chem. Earth (with the guest editors ; M. Hayakawa,O. A. Molchanov, S. Pulinets and M. Parrot) . You will beable to understand the recent progress in the field of seismoelectromagnetics.Masashi Hayakawahayakawa@whistlar.ee.uec.ac.jp<strong>URSI</strong> COMMISSION F SYMPOSIUM ON MICROWAVE REMOTESENSING OF THE EARTH, OCEANS, ICE, AND ATMOSPHEREBarza, d’Ispra, Italy, 20 - 21 April <strong>2005</strong>IntroductionThe <strong>URSI</strong> <strong>2005</strong> Commission F Symposium wasorganized by the Sensors, Radar Technologies, andCybersecurity Unit, Institute for the Protection and Securityof the Citizen, Directorate General Joint Research Centre ofthe European Commission. The invitation to organize theSymposium came from the present Vice-Chair: of theCommission F - Wave Propagation and Remote Sensing,Prof. Martti Hallikainen (Helsinki University of Technology,Finland). The selected venue of the <strong>URSI</strong>-F <strong>2005</strong>Symposium was Conference Centre Casa Don Guanella, inBarza d’Ispra (Varese, Italy). Barza d’Ispra is located closeto the Lake Maggiore (Northern Italy).The meeting was attended by a total of 62 scientists.Even if most participants were European, there were somecoming from non-EU Countries such as Russia, Turkey,USA, Japan, and Australia. The program included 40 oralpresentations and 8 posters, which were on display duringthe two days of the meeting.The motivation to organise the meeting was twofold:- to provide a premier forum for the scientific communityto discuss the latest results and to identify developingtrends in the field of wave propagation and remotesensing both with active and passive systems.- to deliver a number of keynote presentations by leadingresearchers, which are intended to review the current“state of the art” in the field of microwave remotesensing.Logistics IssuesOn the first day in the morning all participantscompleted the registration procedure and got a copy of thebooklet of abstracts and the symposium program. We thankMarta Garotta, Valeria Anfossi, and Gianluigi Ruzzante forfollowing this up. Since the location of the meeting was noteasily reachable by public transport, it was necessary toorganize a significant number of transfers to/from theairports and train station in Milan. Both Valeria Anfossi andMarta Garotta very professionally followed this up (thanksagain to them!).Summary of the SessionsAll sessions of the symposium were well attended andraised significant interest among the audience.The program was organized in 8 sessions, namely:1. SAR InterferometryThis session started with a keynote presentation by Prof.Claudio Prati (POLIMI, Italy) on the permanent scatterers(PS) technique. There were a total of four presentationsdealing with the issue of the monitoring of landslidesusing space-borne radar imagery. The rest of the sessioncovered various issues of interest within the SARinterferometry community, such as the use of multiplebaselines,multiple frequency bands, the retrieval ofbiophysical parameters, and the retrieval of digitalelevation models.The<strong>Radio</strong> <strong>Science</strong> <strong>Bulletin</strong> No <strong>313</strong> (<strong>June</strong>, <strong>2005</strong>) 77
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