IBM WebSphere V5.0 Security - CGISecurity

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►►►WebSEAL can forward modified or unmodified HTTP Basic Authentication(BA) headers to WebSphere. WebSEAL can also forward new headers basedon Global Sign-on (GSO) user mapping.WebSphere can be made to trust the authentication performed by WebSEALthrough the use of TAI or LTPA.When the application requires forms-based authentication, WebSEAL cansubmit the authentication form on behalf of the user.In contrast:► The Plug-in for Edge Server also supports Single Sign-On via HTTP BasicAuthentication headers, however with a more limited set of filtering options.Global Sign-on usename mapping is not supported.►►The Plug-in for Edge Server supports trust relationships using LTPA cookies.TAI is not supported.Forms-based Single Sign-On is not supported by the Plug-in for Edge Server.In summary, WebSEAL provides a more flexible and customizable layer ofsecurity to a WebSphere environment, when compared to the Edge ServerCaching Proxy configured with the Access Manager Plug-in for Edge Server. Insome cases, this may be outweighed by the more flexible caching capabiliteis ofthe Edge Server Caching Proxy.For more information on the Access Manager Plug-in for Edge Server, see thefollowing documents:► IBM WebSphere Edge Server: New Features and Functions in Version 2,SG24-6511-00.►Plug-in for Edge Server User’s Guide, GC23-4685-00.12.5 Scenario 2: Protecting Web resourcesThis scenario shows the different techniques to protect Web resources inWebSphere using the Tivoli Access Manager.12.5.1 Tivoli WebSEALWebSEAL is Access Manager’s authentication engine. It is a multi-threaded Webserver capable of applying security policy through Access Control Lists, ACLs, toURLs and servlets on junctioned Web servers within Access Manager'sprotected Web object space. WebSEAL is also where Access Manager providesSingle Sign-On solutions and it is an integral part of the “defense in depth”strategy when used in its role as a reverse proxy server.412 IBM WebSphere V5.0 Security Handbook
A reverse proxy server is placed in front of all other presentation layers of anapplication and interrupts the session flow from client Web browser to the Webserver and the application servers behind them. In this role WebSEAL appearsas a Web server to browser clients and appears as a Web browser to thejunctioned back-end servers it is protecting.Browser clients access what they are told by published URL, is the contentserver for an application. In fact this URL is a reverse proxy server. The reverseproxy is configured to hold the client session and open a new session, acting asthe client with the real content server. This server will never be exposed to thereal client as reverse proxy’s configuration hides the contents server’s name, IPaddress, which is also certainly a private internal and firewalled network and canremap URLs from what is published to the Web space as it actually is on thecontent server. This remapping works both ways so any URLs listed in theheaders being returned to the client are intercepted and rewritten to conform tothe published format thus preventing external clients from getting redirectionURLs to the internal content server.In combination with Firewalls constructing DMZs to filter and direct traffic, as wellas the possibility of VPNs within DMZ’s there are several network designs whichcan strengthen the defense of an e-business Application. Decisions such asplacing WebSEAL in a DMZ on its own with all the other infrastructure, Webservers, application servers and Access Manager Secure Domain servers in thesecond region, or placing the Web servers in the region 1 DMZ behind WebSEAL(best protected by VPNs) will be driven by both security and real productioninfrastructure concerns.Figure 12-11 on page 414 shows WebSEAL functioning as a reverse proxy withthe most simple model of physical network security. This server should alwayshave dual interfaces, the first, A, is connected only to the Internet Firewall andthe second, B, is connected only to the Intranet Firewall. OS level routes on theWebSEAL box should direct traffic through the intranet firewall only to thosespecific server that WebSEAL will need to contact, the user registry, (forauthentication calls), the Policy Server (for policy database updates) andexplicitly junctioned Web servers. All other traffic must be routed throughinterface A to the Internet Firewall.Similar and supporting routing rules and filters must be placed on the Firewalls.The Internet Firewall must allow through traffic only to and from WebSEALinterface A and further if the site was to have only secure items then HTTPS onlytraffic should be also enforced. The Internet Firewall allows traffic betweenWebSEAL interface B and the LDAP Server, the Policy Server and the WebServer(s).Chapter 12. Tivoli Access Manager 413
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Front coverIBM WebSphere V5.0Securi
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Take Note! Before using this inform
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4.2.1 Configuring Web module securi
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10.6 LTPA . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Lotus Domino . . . . . . . . . . .
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TrademarksThe following terms are t
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The team that wrote this redbookThi
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Stephen Pipes is a WebSphere consul
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xviIBM WebSphere V5.0 Security Hand
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1.1 How to read this bookThere are
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4 IBM WebSphere V5.0 Security Handb
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2.1 SecurityAs new business practic
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2.2 Security fundamentals2.2.1 Auth
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For example, in a distributed objec
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►►►Users are mapped directly
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If Bob wants to answer, he should u
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identifies the client before issuin
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2.3 Security in useSince security i
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20 IBM WebSphere V5.0 Security Hand
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3.1 J2EE applicationThe Java 2 Ente
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Principals and GroupsSecurity Roles
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3.4 Application deployment descript
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3.5 J2EE application security confi
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Figure 3-4 Application-level Securi
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Security role mapping in the Admini
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Figure 3-7 Searching for the manage
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4.1 Static componentsWebSphere Appl
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1. ldap.prop is an LDAP configurati
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Figure 4-2 Defining authentication
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A .htaccess file placed in one dire
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4.2 Web module securityIn a J2EE ap
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Figure 4-4 Login Method Configurati
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higher level of protection. User Da
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8. Next to HTTP Methods click Add.
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8. Add the GET and POST HTTP method
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4.4 Security role referenceDuring t
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7. Save and close the web.xml file.
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Form login configurationThe followi
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4.5.2 Custom loginThere are situati
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employeeType will be stored as a se
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3. From the Filter Type Selection w
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As a next step, you have to make su
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If the user in role 'A' accesses /h
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As a universal solution for the pro
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5.1 Securing EJBsEJBs, or Enterpris
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5.3 Assigning EJB method permission
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defined in the EJB module. For info
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These unprotected methods can have
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Figure 5-6 New Security Role Refere
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Important: Although this feature is
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4. The Role Name option menu will c
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5.5.2 Method level delegationIn add
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Figure 5-11 Method-level Run-as rol
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Figure 5-13 Selecting methods for t
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If one or more method-level delegat
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6.1 Java clientsA client is a gener
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Available functionsActiveXclientApp
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Upon receiving the message, the ser
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The sas.client.props fileThe CORBA
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The CSIv2 configuration properties
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server. For example, if the client
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Client01Java clientJServer01EJB ser
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2. Configure Server01 for outgoing
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Configuring Client02Client02 requir
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3. Enable SSL for the connection, i
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Configuring Client01Client01 requir
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WebSphere V4SAS onlyWebSphere V5SAS
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The ITSOBank application provided w
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►►►sas.jarecutils.jardirector
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7.1 Web Services securityWeb Servic
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Figure 7-2 Creating a new Web Servi
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Figure 7-4 Web Service Deployment S
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Figure 7-7 Web Service Java Bean Me
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12.As shown in Figure 7-10 on page
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Follow the steps below to use the g
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Using the ITSOBank Web Service clie
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Example 7-1 SOAP request with certi
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oVD/QxRYXFg02v6rK53DZKntqlI=/vhLHTE
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3. In that window, under Security -
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Example 7-4 Secured and non-secured
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WS-Policy will be fully extensible
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PolicyRequesterSecurityTokenService
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Direct Trust using Security TokensT
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6. The service fetches the certific
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Security can be applied at two leve
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ii. Browse to select the file /scri
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►Messages sent and received can p
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Important: Message Driven Bean is a
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quser01readwrite
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- Container-managed Authentication
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The authority service component pro
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J2EE Connector architecture establi
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As a next step, the following list
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CMP EJB 2.0Persistence ManagerDatas
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J2EE 1.3 ApplicationEJB ContainerBe
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2. Configure each resource adapter
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8.1 Programmatic securityJ2EE secur
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8.2.2 Servlet security methodsThe S
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There is one point worth noting in
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Figure 8-3 Custom Registry properti
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Method signatureString getUserSecur
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also ask for a X.509 certificate fi
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Required libraries from WebSphere f
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Testing the custom Trust Associatio
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local or remote code (signed or not
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To call a piece of trusted code to
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►►►►►java.net.NetPermissi
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►It is also possible to specify a
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Java 2 security can be enabled on t
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►The following callbacks are prov
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applicationLoginContext LoginModule
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lc=new LoginContext("ClientContaine
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Note: Without initializing the ORB,
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8.8 Where to find more informationF
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9.1 WebSphere security modelThe IBM
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DeploymentManagerCell-wideconfigura
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From a security point of view, each
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►Application Security determines
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9.2.2 WebSphere Application Server
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LTPA requires that the configured U
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HTTP / HTTPSHTTP ServerWebSphere pl
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9.3 Performance considerationsFrom
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232 IBM WebSphere V5.0 Security Han
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10.1 Administration toolsWebSphere
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A Web browser, for instance, must b
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the two types of registry provided
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Roleconfiguratoroperatoradministrat
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Figure 10-4 Mapping a group to an A
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Mapping a group to a CosNaming role
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1. In the Admin Console, select Sec
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6. In the Configuration tab provide
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8. The changes will need to be save
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In a scenario presented in this cha
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2. Save the configuration for WebSp
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Figure 10-16 Application Login Conf
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Figure 10-18 J2C Authentication ent
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Figure 10-19 An SSL configuration w
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WebSphere supports the concept of t
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The file used by a Java client to r
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Figure 10-22 Saving the new key sto
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Figure 10-25 Provide details for th
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24.From the menu bar, select Key Da
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10.Enter a Key Label which will ide
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Figure 10-30 A personal certificate
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10.9.3 Using the Java keytoolAnothe
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SSL connection #1 SSL connection #2
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Figure 10-33 The IBM HTTP Server ik
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The IBM HTTP Server Administration
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15.Select Basic Settings -> Module
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In the case of a self-signed certif
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Note: If the Cipher Specification l
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Make sure that the certificate is i
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Figure 10-41 Certificate detailsThi
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Configuring WebSphere to use certif
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3. If you decide the use the IBM HT
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Example 10-5 trace.log...[10/14/02
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Configuring WebSphere to use exact
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[10/14/02 19:39:38:358 EDT] 7a37602
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publicly circulating root certifica
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Exchanging public certificatesThe f
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Modifying the Web Container to supp
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The new certificate should appear u
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3. Client Certificate Authenticatio
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Figure 10-47 CSIv2 transport config
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Table 10-5 sas.client.props configu
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10.13.1 IBM SecureWay Directory Ser
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2. Click the Add Server button. The
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8. Click OK; a new window appears f
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Figure 10-56 LDAP directory with us
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Figure 10-57 WebSphere LDAP Configu
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Configuring the secure LDAP (LDAPS)
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Figure 10-59 Configuring SSL for Se
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Figure 10-60 SSL encryption setting
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choose not to differentiate between
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- Port: specify 636 which correspon
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A sample scenario is depicted next.
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Item Cell Node Server Appl.CosNamin
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JAAS configurationThe JAAS configur
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Individual CSI and SAS settingsThe
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The server security settings availa
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11.1 Patterns for e-businessPattern
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►►►Buy-Side HubSell-Side HubT
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ClientTierSynchronousApplicationSyn
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►Application tier: may represent
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►certificates, access groups, etc
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Figure 11-6 presents the Runtime pa
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Page 392 and 393: All of these benefits contribute to
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Page 398 and 399: Server Nameappsrv01, appsrv02Applic
Page 400 and 401: 1. First, log in with your favorite
Page 402 and 403: 1. In the Administrative Console, n
Page 404 and 405: 12.4.1 Single Sign-On with WebSEALW
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Page 414 and 415: Figure 12-8 Trust Association Panel
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Page 420 and 421: Example 12-2 WebSphere Security ini
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Page 428 and 429: In this example, we have configured
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Page 440 and 441: Creating Access Manager JunctionsAt
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Page 444 and 445: Figure 12-20 Create an ACL Entry4.
Page 446 and 447: Testing the junctionsThe following
Page 448 and 449: Figure 12-22 Successful access to i
Page 450 and 451: WebSEALAuthenticated Usersbefore fo
Page 452 and 453: At the same time, the tool creates
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Page 464 and 465: Sample applicationThe purpose of th
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Page 472 and 473: Configuring WebSphere Application S
Page 474 and 475: Use this DataSource in container ma
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SecureWay Directory ServerThe confi
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Ensure that Domino is using the LDA
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Figure B-3 Domino LDAP settings in
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Figure B-4 Domino CA application2.
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Enable SSL on Domino ServerEnable S
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1. Open the ikeyman tool that comes
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3. WebSphere will validate your ent
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Figure B-9 iPlanet Directory Server
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Figure B-13 iPlanet Certificate Req
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Figure B-16 Certificate Install Wiz
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Figure B-19 iPlanet Encryption sett
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Tip from a battle scarred veteran p
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Figure B-21 Active Directory Users
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Figure B-24 New User password panel
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group membership, and other group a
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WebSphere-Domino SSO scenariosIn th
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7. Once the user is authenticated a
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6. Click OK to create a database.7.
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- On the Rules tab, specify the fol
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3. A new Document will be displayed
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Figure C-7 TCP/IP port status setti
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1. To add new user names or groups
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Figure C-10 Default Domino server l
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Figure C-13 Successful submission o
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Using Domino LDAP for user registry
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Enabling Single Sign-On for WebSphe
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wsadmin scriptingWebSphere Applicat
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3. In the line com.ibm.SOAP.loginUs
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You can also set the user registry
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Using the Web materialThe additiona
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SPISSLSSOSWAMUDDIURIURLVPNWARWASWSA
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Referenced Web sitesThese Web sites
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Application patternDirectly Integra
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EJB permissionsExclude 80Role 80Unc
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Llaunchclient 122LDAPAdvanced setti
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ORB 102System 366Unprotected method
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Gateway Security 155Gateway-level a
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IBM WebSphere V5.0 Security - CGISecurity

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