dismissal <strong>of</strong> Native spirituality, for instance.)Among Iroquois Fires's more original contributions(to non-Iroquois readers, atleast) is Dawendine's introduction into lateAnglo-Victorian poetic traditions—through the elegiac <strong>and</strong> rhythmicallycumulative commemoration <strong>of</strong> her mother,"Wild-Flower Petals Fall"—<strong>of</strong> what shedescribes as "the slowly developing ritualstyle <strong>of</strong> the Longhouse Condolence [which].. . begins in a conversational tone, increasingin length, until it again dies away inbrief closing chant." The collection isdiverse, including conventional poetry(making discreet <strong>and</strong> subtle use <strong>of</strong> rhyme<strong>and</strong> using the poetic line flexibly, but notnoticeably influenced by modernism),accounts <strong>of</strong> Iroquois rituals <strong>and</strong> seasons,explanatory narratives ("The DancingStars, or the Pleiades," for example), personalaccounts (reflections on a medicineman mask or memories <strong>of</strong> a maternallyheroic mouse), <strong>and</strong> historical chronicle, allframed by the issue <strong>of</strong> racial difference.Dawendine negotiates <strong>and</strong> deploys a range<strong>of</strong> ideologies in some tension with eachother. The traces <strong>of</strong> her shifting location("Indians were the lone inhabitants <strong>of</strong> theAmerican wilderness," "this so-called stoicalrace"; emphasis mine) reveal the challenge<strong>and</strong> complication <strong>of</strong> that negotiation.Drew Hayden Taylor's Only Drunks <strong>and</strong>Children Tell the Truth recently played withcomic <strong>and</strong> poignant power under the aegis<strong>of</strong> Native Earth Performing Arts (Toronto).His Toronto at Dreamer's Rock <strong>and</strong>Education is Our Right aie earlier ventures,produced in 1989 <strong>and</strong> 1990 respectively bythe De-Ba-Jeh-Mu-Jig Theatre Group(Manitoulin Isl<strong>and</strong>). Both display Taylor'strademark amalgam <strong>of</strong> political urgency<strong>and</strong> self-deflating humour, ("My home, mypeople, my beer store"). Rusty in the firstplay, a somewhat aimless Odawa 16-yearold,is galvanized by his encounter with apre-contact young man from his tribe <strong>and</strong>a future counterpart, each throwing Rusty'spresent into negative (<strong>and</strong> occasionallypositive) relief. "We achieved self-governmentin the 2020s," boasts Michael. "Selfgovernment?"asks Keesic, "When did welose it?" Education is Our Right draws onthe structure <strong>and</strong> at times the melodrama<strong>of</strong> Dickens' A Christmas Carol (thewretched children Want <strong>and</strong> Hunger huddleat the feet <strong>of</strong> one <strong>of</strong> the spirits), asEbenezer Cadieux, Minister <strong>of</strong> IndianAffairs in charge <strong>of</strong> capping Native postsecondaryeducation, meets EducationPast, Present <strong>and</strong> Future. In both plays,Taylor utilizes theatre's capacity for confrontation,along with clever self-reflexiveironies, to ensure that over-statement (orover-seriousness) does not sap the impact<strong>of</strong> his dramas' conviction.The Colour <strong>of</strong> Resistance anthologizesNative women's poetry, fiction, <strong>and</strong> somenon-fiction prose, approximately half <strong>of</strong>the material being original to this volume.The writers are Canadian <strong>and</strong> USAmerican, with the latter predominatingslightly, <strong>and</strong> with a welcome representation<strong>of</strong> lesbian voices. How to convey the pleasures<strong>of</strong> scores <strong>of</strong> divergent <strong>and</strong> eloquentvoices? The rhythms <strong>of</strong> Vickie Sears: "cushcush le toong/ripples the windtaken katydidsong." The powerful succinctness <strong>of</strong>Marilyn Dumont, writing in "Helen BettyOsborne" <strong>of</strong> "a town with fewer Indians/than ideas about Indians." The poignantironies <strong>of</strong> Kimberly Blaeser's "Certificate <strong>of</strong>Live Birth," where the speaker wonderswhether to correct her mother's checkmarksat "Father, Caucasian" <strong>and</strong> "Mother,Caucasian"— "It is my heritage more trulythan any account <strong>of</strong> bloodlines/ It tells thestory <strong>of</strong> a people's capture"—concluding,"And, Mother, this poem is the certificate <strong>of</strong>our live birth." The visual effect <strong>of</strong> NicoleTanguay's "Half Breed":I fight I struggle to keep2 feet plantedin oneself.129
Books in <strong>Review</strong>The engaging indirectness <strong>of</strong> the unfoldingrelationship between tough-talking streetwoman <strong>and</strong> well-meaning researcher inChrystos' monologue "Interview."Like the heterogeneity <strong>of</strong> the three booksreviewed here, the diversity in this anthology'scontents (the non-fiction sectionincludes analysis <strong>of</strong> Native Americanpoetry, reflections on two-spiritedness <strong>and</strong>on substance abuse, <strong>and</strong> a Cherokee alternative/supplementto the Genesis Edenstory—<strong>and</strong> contributors address quite differentaudiences) is reassuring. A Nativelesbian editor <strong>and</strong> small presses are factorshere; editing <strong>and</strong> publishing present a lessmonolithic front than when Dawendinefirst faced the industry.Fathering PoemsGary GeddesThe Perfect Cold Warrior. Quarry $14.95Paul WilsonDreaming: My Father's Body- Coteau $9.95Joseph McLeodThe Rim Poems. Penumbra $995Tom MarshallGhost Safari. Oberon n.p.Tom HenighanHome Planet. Golden Dog $6.95Allan SafarikOn the Way to Ethiopia. Polestar Book $11.95<strong>Review</strong>ed by Stefan HaagThe three sections <strong>of</strong> Gary Geddes's ThePerfect Cold Warrior display a fine sense forthe relations between form <strong>and</strong> content, adimension in his poetry that addsimmensely to its effectiveness. The sectionthat most directly lives up to Geddes's reputationas a "political poet" is "Palestine."However, in dealing with political realities,Geddes focusses on the personal, thus providinga context for the political. Truly anoutst<strong>and</strong>ing achievement in its simplicity<strong>and</strong> hurt outcry against injustice is "WhatDoes a House Want?" which deals withPalestinians being evicted from theirhomes, which are then demolished by theIsraelis. As I write this review, I hear on thenews <strong>of</strong> the most serious clashes betweenPalestinians <strong>and</strong> Israelis in decades <strong>and</strong>Geddes's poems seem to document a desperationthat reaches beyond the politicalor personal.At first, the fourteen poems <strong>of</strong> "TheDrive" seem forced into regular stanzas <strong>of</strong>three to five lines. But the more one readsthese poems, the more one realizes that thisprocrustean bed leads to interesting effects.Especially where a new stanza begins in themiddle <strong>of</strong> a sentence, the aural tensionbuilds up <strong>and</strong> emphasizes the tension <strong>of</strong>living on the Drive, as in this example:Meanwhile, the bike grows moreflamboyant,sprouting bright plastic streamersfrom the h<strong>and</strong>lebars, metal rattlersmounted to the frame with clothes-pinsto strike rotating spokes <strong>and</strong> shatterthe early morning silence <strong>of</strong> The Drive.(27-28)In this way, we appear to be constantly onthe edge <strong>of</strong> a new turn in the poem, relivingGeddes's experiences <strong>of</strong> growing up in thisneighbourhood. The atmosphere <strong>of</strong> "TheDrive" is one <strong>of</strong> insistent <strong>and</strong> ubiquitousapprehension <strong>of</strong> the unexpected. Just as thespeaker <strong>of</strong> the poems knows that there maybe "days when the pay cheque / doesn'tmake it home" because <strong>of</strong> a drinking binge<strong>of</strong> his father, we know that there may bestanzas that do not end on a full stop <strong>and</strong>leave us on the edge.Geddes's father appears <strong>of</strong>ten in thesepoems. "It's the other I seek. .. the timebomb<strong>of</strong> the father I carry like a tickingclock inside" is a memorable sentence thatechoes through several poems in this section.Geddes seems to use these echoes toexplore his father's influence on his own130
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Editorialand cultural cliché. Both
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RobertB r i n g h u r s tZhàozhou
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was the later opinion of Frank Tayl
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self-entrapment and death, Patrick
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LeaLittlewolfcoldI dreamrasp breath
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