240 Oliver S. Smart[39] Halgren, T. A., Lipscomb, W. N., Chem. Phys. Lett. 1977, 49, 225-232.[40] Fischer, S., Karplus, M., Chem. Phys. Lett. 1992, 194, 252-261.[41] Liotard, D. A., Int. J; Quantum Chem. 1992, 44, 723-741.[42] Ech-Cherif El-Kettani, M. A., Durup, J., Biopolymers 1992, 32, 561 -574.[43] Schlitter, J., Engels, M., Kruger, P., Jacoby, E., Wollmer, A., Mol. Simul. 1993, 10,291 -308.[44] Czerm<strong>in</strong>ski, R., Elber, R., Znt. J; Quantum Chem. 1990, S24, 167-186.[45] Nowak, W., Czerm<strong>in</strong>ski, R., Elber, R., J; Am. Chem. SOC. 1991, 113, 5627-5637.[46] Fletcher, R., Reeves, C. M., Comput. J; 1964, 7, 149-154.[47] Polak, E., Computational Methods <strong>in</strong> Optimization, Academic Press, New York 1971.[48] Press, W. H., Flannery, B. P., Teukolsky, S. A., Vetterl<strong>in</strong>g, W. T., Numerical Recipes, TheArt of Scientific Comput<strong>in</strong>g, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986.[49] Kirkpatrick, S., Gelatt, C. D. Jr., Vecchi, M. P., Science 1983, 220, 671-680.[50] Elber, R., Karplus, M., Chem. Phys. Lett. 1987, 139, 375-380.[Sl] Czerm<strong>in</strong>ski, R., Roitberg, A., Choi, C., Utilsky, A., Elber, R., <strong>in</strong>: AZP Conference Proceed<strong>in</strong>gs239 - Advances <strong>in</strong> Bio<strong>molecular</strong> Simulations, Lavery, R., Rivail, J.-L., Smith,J. (eds.), American Institute of Physics, New York 1991, pp. 153-173.[521 Smart, 0. S., Chem. Phys. Letts. 1994, 222, 503-512.[53] Cremer, D., Pople, J. A., J; Am. Chem. SOC. 1975, 97, 1354-1358.[54] We<strong>in</strong>er, S. J., Kollman, P. A., Case, D. A., S<strong>in</strong>gh, U. C., Ghio, C., Alagona, G., Profeta,S. Jr., We<strong>in</strong>er, P., J; Am. Chem. SOC. 1984, 106, 765-784.[55] Chen, W.-P., Proc. Biochem. 1980, 15, 36-41.[56] Collyer, C. A., Henrick, K., Blow, D. M., J; Mol. Biol. 1990, 212, 211-235.1571 Whitlow, M., Howard, A. J., F<strong>in</strong>zel, B. C., Poulos, T. L., W<strong>in</strong>bourne, E., Gilliland, G.L., Prote<strong>in</strong>s 1991, 9, 153-173.[58] Dietz, W., Riede, W. O., He<strong>in</strong>z<strong>in</strong>ger, K., 2. Naturforsch. 1982, 37a, 1038-1048.1591 Danno, G., Agr. Biol. Chem., 1970, 34, 1805-1814.[60] Aqvist, J., J; Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 8021-8024.[61] Wako, H., G6, N. J; Comp. Chem. 1987, 8, 625-635.
Computer Modell<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Molecular BiologyEdited by Julia M. GoodfellowOVCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1995IndexAAccessible surface area 73Accessible volume 73Accuracy of modell<strong>in</strong>g 32Activated dynamics 155Active conformation 38Adiabatic mapp<strong>in</strong>g method 218Agonists 38AMBER 14, 108, 227Antagonists 38Antibody response 172Anticodon hairp<strong>in</strong> 123 - 125Antigen 172Antigen b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g loops 25-27Association constants 62Atomic fluctuations 120- 121Autocorrelation function 120- 121BB-factors 104Barnase 61ppBrugel 70CCellular immune system 172Channel conductance 138, 160Channel, <strong>in</strong>ternal waters 147- 148CHARMM 15, 65, 143COMPOSER 191Computer simulation 2Conformational search 46Conformational transitions 44, 215 ppContra MD method 219Coulombic <strong>in</strong>teraction 66Counterions 116Cut-off distance 67DDatabase screen<strong>in</strong>g 24, 25De novo design 52Dielectric constant 108, 109Diffusion coefficients 84-85Diffusion of water 146Distance geometry 43DNA- <strong>molecular</strong> dynamics 118- phosphate screen<strong>in</strong>g 106- polymorphism 106EEnergy calculations 24, 28- methods 42Energy m<strong>in</strong>ization 2, 28, 38, 46, 218,225Energy profile 227, 235Ensembles 113Enzyme ligand complexes 61Epste<strong>in</strong> Barr virus nucelar antigenpeptide 198ppEquilibration 110Error estimation 94FFlexibility 5, 38, 51Force field 65Free energy 43, 61 pp, 86pp- coupl<strong>in</strong>g parameter 43- difference 87- pathways 89, 92- perturbation method 86, 88- practical aspects 88- profile 138- thermodynamic <strong>in</strong>tegration 43, 87
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Computer Modellingin Molecular Biol
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Professor Julia M. GoodfellowDepart
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ContentsColour Illustrations ......
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XContributorsBenoit RouxGroupe de R
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4 Molecular Dynamics and Free Energ
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134 Benoft Roux6.1 IntroductionThe
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136 Benoit Roux[18-201. The gramici
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138 Benoft Rouxwhere D (x) is the l
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140 Benoft Roux“one-ion” conduc
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142 Benoft RouxTable 6-1. Interacti
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144 Benoit RouxFigure 6-2. Solvated
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152 Benoit RouxOne advantage of thi
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154 Benoft Roux-.3.-15-c 10 -h5 5 -
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156 Benoft Rouxwhere x and v are th
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158 Benoit RouxReactant to ProductO
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162 Benoit Rouxis the deviation of
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7 Major Histocompatibility Complex
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7 Major HistocompatibiIity Complex
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7 Maior Histocompatibility Complex
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