Pastoral Relationship with People with Intellectual ... - Theses

81people in their entrenched historic role as being of less than full personhood andlacking the right to claim full citizenship.2.5.2 Disabled Peoples' InternationalIn 1982, Disabled Peoples' International (DPI) 205 included the intellect inits definition of impairment in terms of the causative effects of limitation, whilstrestricting limitation to function alone. As in the UPIAS definition impairmentremained separated from disability, thus unequivocally focusing attention onsociety’s capacity to disable the impaired individual. Impairment and disabilitywere thus defined:Impairment: The functional limitation within the individual caused byphysical, mental or sensory impairment.Disability: The loss or limitation of opportunities to take part in thenormal life of the community on an equal level with others due tophysical and social barriers. 206This definition raised the issue of social normality and how such a concept mightbe defined given the cultural specificities of the term.2.5.3 International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities andHandicapsIn 1980, the World Health Organization developed the InternationalClassification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH), constructinga conceptual framework based around three modalities of understanding, namelyimpairment, disability and handicap:Impairment: any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological oranatomical structure or function.Disability: any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of abilityto perform an activity in the manner or within the range considerednormal for a human being.Handicap: a disadvantage for a given individual, resulting from animpairment or a disability, that limits or prevents the fulfilment of a role205 Disabled Peoples' International is a network of national organisations or assemblies ofpeople with a disability that was established to promote the human rights of people withdisabilities through full participation, equalisation of opportunity and development.206 Barnes, & Mercer, Disability, 66.