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ALBANIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENTDoes moderate alcohol use reduce the incidence ofcoronary heart disease?Sokol Myftiu 1 , Eliverta Majko 1 , Shpëtim Doksani 21Cardiology Service, University Hospital Center Mother Teresa , Tirana, Albania;2Clinic of Alcohol Addiction Treatment, University Hospital Center Mother Teresa , Tirana, Albania.Excessive alcohol intake has been associated with anelevated risk of liver disease, heart failure, cancer, andaccidental injury. Excessive alcohol consumption isa leading cause of death in industrializedcountries. However, research suggests that moderatealcohol intake is associated with some health benefitsincluding a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease.Public awareness of the French paradox in theearly 1990s stimulated an increased interest in thesubject of alcohol and heart disease. Given theepidemiological evidence that moderate drinkingreduces heart disease, it becomes important toexamine pathways from which alcohol might conferits cardiovascular benefits. Research suggests thatmoderate alcohol consumption improves cardiovascularhealth in a number of ways, including thefollowing:i. Alcohol improves blood lipid profile:a. It increases HDL cholesterol.b. It decreases LDL cholesterol.c. It improves cholesterol (both HDL andLDL) particle size.ii. Alcohol decreases thrombosis (bloodclotting):a. It reduces platelet aggregation.b. It reduces fibrinogen (a blood clotter).c. It increases fibrinolysis (the process bywhich clots dissolve).iii. Alcohol acts through additional ways:a. It reduces coronary artery spasm inresponse to stress.b. It increases coronary blood flow.c. It reduces blood pressure.d. It reduces blood insulin level.e. It increases estrogen levels.There is a lack of medical consensus about whethermoderate consumption of beer, wine, or distilledspirits has a stronger association with heart disease.Studies suggest that each drink is beneficial, withnone having a clear advantage. Most researchersnow believe that the most important ingredient isthe alcohol itself.The American Heart Association has recentlyreported that Morethan a dozen prospectivestudieshavedemonstrated a consistent, strong, dose-response relationbetween increasing alcohol consumption and decreasing incidenceof coronaryheart disease. Thedata aresimilar in men andwomen in a number of different geographic and ethnic groups.Consumption of one or two drinks per day is associated witha reduction in risk of approximately 30% to50%.Keywords: excessivealcohol intake, coronaryheart disease, moderatealcohol intake.26 ALBANIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT
INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH CONFERENCE IN TIRANA, ALBANIACorrelation of uric renal stones with hypertensionand body mass indexValbona Bajrami 1 , Alma Idrizi 2 , Enver Roshi 3,4 , Yllka Themeli 11Diagnostic Center Ikeda;2Service of Nephrology, University Hospital Center Mother Teresa , Tirana, Albania;3Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania;4Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania.Aim: The aim of the study was to assess theprevalence of hypertension in patients with uric acidstones and compare it with the hypertensivepopulation without renal stones. We also aimed toassess the correlations between renal stone diseasewith age and obesity.Methods: In this study, there were examined 40patients. Patients with uric acid stones were 25 versus15 patients with no renal stones.Results: The prevalence of hypertension was similarin both groups. The patients with renal stones,however, had a higher level of mean systolic anddiastolic blood pressure compared with patientswithout stones (155±12 mmHg vs. 145±8 mmHg,and 100± 0.9 mmHg vs. 100± 0.2 mmHg,respectively). Patients with renal stones were older(47±15 vs. 38±5 years), had a higher prevalence ofobesity (mean BMI: 28±0.4 vs. 25.7±0.6), had higherlevels of total cholesterol level (220±5mg/ dl vs.203± 4 mg/ dl) as well as triglyceride levels(160±9mg/dl vs. 126±4mg/dl), compared with norenal stone individuals.Conclusion: Patients with renal stones in our studyhad a higher mean level of systolic and diastolicblood pressure, BMI and cholesterol andtriglycerides levels compared with individualswithout renal stones. Future studies in Albania shouldinclude larger population-representative samples.Keywords: age, body mass index, hypertension, uric renal stones.ALBANIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT27
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