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in Albania - Instituti i Shendetit Publik

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INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH CONFERENCE IN TIRANA, ALBANIALeadership communication styles: A descriptiveanalysis of health care professionals lead<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong><strong>Albania</strong>n healthcare sett<strong>in</strong>gsAdriatik Gabrani 1 , Jonila Gabrani (Cyco) 2 , Elizana Petrela 1,31Department of Health Management, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medic<strong>in</strong>e, Tirana, <strong>Albania</strong>;2F<strong>in</strong>ance and Bank<strong>in</strong>g Department, <strong>Albania</strong>n University, Tirana, <strong>Albania</strong>;3Statistics Service, University Hospital Center Mother Teresa , Tirana, <strong>Albania</strong>.Context: The study of leadership <strong>in</strong> health care iscaptivat<strong>in</strong>g for many reasons. Health care leaders will<strong>in</strong>evitably have an impact on the lives of manypeople, as <strong>in</strong>dividuals rely on physicians and nursesdur<strong>in</strong>g some of the most critical moments <strong>in</strong> theirlives. Furthermore, cost constra<strong>in</strong>ts and <strong>in</strong>novationswith<strong>in</strong> organizational structure impose a greaterattention to leaders. A new leadership style is needed<strong>in</strong> which leaders engage staff, patients and partnerorganizations to improve patient care and healthsystem outcomes. There is a grow<strong>in</strong>g trend forleaders to break the old autocratic model ofleadership to newer models us<strong>in</strong>g the concepts ofshared and participatory leadership. Yet, sparseliterature exists on leadership traits orcommunication styles <strong>in</strong> <strong>Albania</strong>n healthcare sett<strong>in</strong>gs.Objective: To <strong>in</strong>vestigate and assess the leadershipstyles of leaders <strong>in</strong> health care sett<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>in</strong> <strong>Albania</strong>.Methods: Research is reported on open-endedquestionnaire from a large sample of leaders andmanagers (n=612) from a range of public healthcareorganizations. A style score was calculated and thenrelated to data on respondents biographical ageand gender. In order to compare the results, the samequestionnaire was adm<strong>in</strong>istered to the staff of thesett<strong>in</strong>g to evaluate their leaders communication style.Prelim<strong>in</strong>ary Results: Interest<strong>in</strong>g f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs onleadership styles: accord<strong>in</strong>g to self-evaluation, leadersperception on their communication style resulted asdemocratic , compared to workers perceptions ontheir leaders as autocratic .Added value/Orig<strong>in</strong>ality: The relevant literatureshows that health workforce leadership is an underresearchedarea particularly <strong>in</strong> the public sector<strong>in</strong>stitutions with<strong>in</strong> health sector sett<strong>in</strong>gs. Thus, thecurrent <strong>in</strong>vestigation has contributed to improve theunderstand<strong>in</strong>g of leaders trait on this significantissue. Furthermore, the study f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs are discussed<strong>in</strong> perspective of practical implications of healthmanagement system regard<strong>in</strong>g workforce issues,contra party perspectives. Overall, this studyprovides new support to previous <strong>in</strong>ternationalresearch (especially to eastern European countries)about leadership s communication style as a crucialdriver for organizational effectiveness andperformance.Keywords: communication, health care, leadership, organizational structure.ALBANIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT63

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