in Albania - Instituti i Shendetit Publik

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ALBANIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENTSolar energy and public healthZaira Poga 11Department of Health Promotion, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania.With climate change and global warming at theforehead of environmental concerns, the demandfor alternative energy sources is stronger than ever.One of the most alternative power sources is solarenergy. Solar energy can be used to provide heatand electricity to homes, schools or other buildings.The conditions of Albania are favorable fordevelopment of solar energy due to its climate andthe high intensity of solar radiation.The solar radiation of Albania is calculated at morethan 1,500 kWh/ m 2 / yr. The average daily solarradiation is about 4.1kWh/m 2 , reaching more than4.6kWh/m 2 in the south-western part of Albania.Albania has on average about 2,400 hours ofsunshine per year, 2500 hours in the western partand a record of about 2,850 hours in certainlocations. Solar energy is being increasingly used forheating purposes. Based on a survey of NationalAgencyof Energy, the number of the installed solarheating panels in 2003 has increased with 35%compared to 2002.Solar energy benefits the environment and publichealth in terms of resource conservation, reducedpollution and greenhouse gas emissions and energyconservation. According to some studies, the use ofsolar power in residential settings can reduce energyconsumption by up to 50%. Solar energy producesno air pollution or greenhouse gas emissions. Thereare advantages and disadvantages of solar energyuse, but advantages appear to outnumber thedisadvantages and, therefore, solar energy is deemedan important tool for conservation of theenvironment and public health improvement.Keywords: environment, publichealth, solar energy.70 ALBANIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT
INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH CONFERENCE IN TIRANA, ALBANIAIncidence of Group-A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcal(GABHS) Carriers in ENT PracticeSonil Mone 1 , Iris Mone 21Regional hospital, Vlora, Albania;2Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania.Aim: To evaluate the role of GABHS in acute andchronic throat infections in children from 5 to 15years old, and to identify a way for the eradicationof the infection.Methods: We have collected data from patientsvisited in our ENT department from 2009 to 2013.Several groups of patients have been selected forthis study:Patients without any symptoms ofpharyngitis, who are routinely examined at our clinicfor other problems (Group I, Number of patientsn=60);Patients diagnosed with Tonsillopharingitiswithout any current treatment (Group II, n= 85);Patients who had completed a full antibiotictreatment for GABHS throat infection (Group III,n=70);Patients who had been removed tonsilswith or without adenoidectomy (Group IV, n=60).Throat swabs for bacterial isolation were culturedin a private laboratory. This approach wasconsidered as the best means for determining thepresence of GABHS in the throat.Results: The incidence of GABHS carriers amongthe first group of children was 1.5%. Patientsdiagnosed with tonsilopharyngitis regardless of theetiology(viral or bacterial) of the second group hadan incidence of 6%. In patients who had received10 days of oral cephalosporin for acute GABHSinfection, the culture was positive in 20% of them.Only two patients (3.3%) in the fourth group werestill carriers of GABHS.Conclusion: The role of GABHS in acute throatinfection in children is often overrated, and theimmediate use of antibiotics without any furtherinvestigation in not justifiable. The best approach foreradication of the streptococcal throat infectionremains tonsillectomy. It would be interesting forfurther studies to determine if the positive effect ofsurgery is not limited over time.Keywords: carrier, ENT, Group-A Beta HemolyticStreptococcal (GA BHS).ALBANIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT71
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