in Albania - Instituti i Shendetit Publik

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ALBANIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENTPsychosocial determinants of health in KosovoMusa Qazimi 1,2 , Bujar Spahija 2 , Herion Muja 2 , Irida Pano 2 , Lulzim Çela 2 ,Zejdush Tahiri 21Principal Family Medicine Center, Gjilan, Kosovo;2Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania.In industrialized countries, psychosocial factors havebeen linked to non-communicable diseases and theirrelated mortality, particularly for cardiovasculardiseases. Many psychosocial traits have beenreported as predisposing factors for coronary heartdisease and diabetes. From this point of view, manystudies conducted especially in developed countrieshave reported that psychosocial factors are associatedwith increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes andall-cause mortality.The evidence from Albania and Kosovo is scarce,notwithstanding recent reports from Burazeri et al.which have convincingly linked psychosocial factorswith an increased risk for acute coronary syndrome.The psychosocial factors which were explored in apopulation-based case-control study conducted inTirana by Burazeri et al. included hostility (aliascynical distrust scale), the attitudes towards thesocioeconomic and political transition, angerexpression, degree of religiosity and degree oftraditionalism. All these important psychosocialfactors were linked to poor coronary health in thisstudy conducted in Albania. Overall stress, anadditionally important psychosocial variable, hasbeen also arguably and consistently linked tounfavourable health outcomes in western countries,but available evidence about this psychosocial factoris scarce for Albania and Kosovo.There is an obvious need to conduct similar studiesin Kosovo in order to asses the deleterious effectof psychosocial factors on health status of thepopulation at large, which is also coupled with thedifficult socioeconomic and political circumstancesof transitional Kosovo. In conclusion, therelationship of health status with psychosocialfactors should be explored in detail in populationrepresentativesamples of adult individuals inKosovo.Keywords: health, hostility, Kosovo, psychosocial factors, stress.58 ALBANIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT
INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH CONFERENCE IN TIRANA, ALBANIACompetencies of family physicians frompractitioners and policymakers perspective intransitional KosovoFitim Skeraj 1,2 , Katarzyna Czabanowska 3 , Gazmend Bojaj 2 ,Elizana Petrela 2 , Genc Burazeri 2,31Principal Family Medicine Center, Prizren, Kosovo;2Faculty of Medicine, Tirana University, Tirana, Albania;3Department of International Health, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI),Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.We have already reported on the design anddevelopment of a questionnaire on self-assessmentlevel of skills, abilities and competencies of familyphysicians which has been aligned with the QualityImprovement Competency Framework (QICF). Asdiscussed earlier, the QICF was developed in thecourse of a systematic and vigorous research workinvolving well-known European primary careexperts dealing with issues pertinent to qualityimprovement.On the face of it, the international tool validated inKosovo, exhibited a good internal consistency forboth the test and the retest procedures in arepresentative sample of policymakers and in arepresentative sample of primary care physicians inKosovo. Particularly for the policymakers, we havereported a remarkably high internal consistency inboth rounds of application of the questionnaire.In general, the instrument behaved adequatelyshowing a reasonable stability over time, as indicatedby the test-retest reliability coefficients calculated inthe sample of policymakers and primary carephysicians.The overall internal consistency of the instrument inthis Kosovo sample of family physicians wascomparable with a prior report from Albania, whichprovided a similar cross-cultural adaptation processof the same instrument in a representative sampleof family physicians operating in primary health careservices in Tirana. Therefore, our work in Kosovoexpands further the evidence of validation of thisinternational instrument in Albanian speakingcountries.Currently, we are trying to validate this very sameinstrument in Albanian speaking regions of theRepublic of Macedonia. At the same time, thisinstrument is currently being administered to a largenationally representative sample of family physiciansand to a representative sample of policymakers inKosovo.Keywords: competencies, cross-cultural adaptation, familyphysician, general practitioner, Kosovo, policymakers, primaryhealth care, validation.ALBANIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT59
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