A Wordnet from the Ground Up

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5.4. What Next? 181The derivational relations are an important part of the whole network. Instancesof derivational relations are often the only way of describing the meaning of adjectivalLUs. For future applications of plWordNet it is necessary to develop a more finegrainedsemantic description of derivationally motivated links.Much effort went into research on the various methods of automatic extraction oflexico-semantic relations and on the construction of the WNW system. A wordnetof a similar size, perhaps larger, might be constructed at the same cost without thesupport of automatic tools. The technology which we created, however, is ready to use;it opens interesting possibilities for further improvements and extensions. The latestversion of WNW (Section 4.5.4) was used consistently for several months. That effortbrought about a significant increase in the number of lemmas, LUs and instances oflexico-semantic relations. WNW also helps find inconsistencies and missing elementsin the plWordNet structure.A final point: much of the previous work on wordnet development has focussed onEnglish, a language which typologically differs significantly from Polish. No researchsimilar to our appears to have been published for other Slavic language. The lack ofapplicable comparable experience added to the workload.5.4 What Next?It has been not so much the project deadline as the depletion of funds that has promptedus to announce the completion of plWordNet, version 1.0. Our plans go much further,naturally. We perceive the construction of plWordNet as a continuous process. Its endcannot be easily predicted, given the amount of work – not to mention the fact thata complete wordnet is a moving target.We will gradually and systematically add new LUs to plWordNet using the WordNetWeaver system. The system of relations among verbs will be further developed. It isan open question whether to expand it inside plWordNet, for example by describingsubcategorisation frames and semantic selectional preferences in association with nounsin plWordNet, or to combine it with some other resource oriented toward the descriptionof verbs.We must begin to align plWordNet with other wordnets – PWN, GermaNet orBalkaNet are likely counterparts. We will also work toward making plWordNet a part ofthe Global WordNet Grid (Fellbaum and Vossen, 2007). Sometimes flying, sometimeswalking, but always steadily moving towards a large wordnet for Polish: this is ourplan. The pace, as expected, depends on funding.Other than the obvious goal of “growing” plWordNet, we see two directions offuture work:
182 Chapter 5. Polish WordNet Today and Tomorrow• evaluation of the concept of linguistically motivated wordnet structure,• further development of the algorithms of automatic extraction of semantic relationsand the methods of semi-automated wordnet construction.It may not be enough to justify the assumed wordnet model by analytical consideration,for example in comparison to the psychologically oriented concept of thePrinceton WordNet. Sections 2 and 5.3 offer some discursive support. What is needed,clearly, is practice. Several Polish universities have been granted free research licences.The plWordNet web pages (plwordnet.pwr.wroc.pl) have had about 12000 visitors(based on unique IP addresses, more than 180000 visits). The real test is yet to come:a range of experiments in various applications of plWordNet.We made a first step ourselves: we ran several Word Sense Disambiguation algorithmson Polish using plWordNet (Baś, 2008, Baś et al., 2008). 13 lemmas representing54 LUs altogether were selected in such a way that the subsequent lemmaspose different problems with respect to hyponymy and polysemy. A small training/testsubcorpus was collected, including sentences which represent different senses of thelemmas. The results are very promising in spite of the fine-grained sense distinctionobserved for several lemmas. Much more is needed. We plan to work on plWordNet,and we will actively publicise the system. We offer free research licences to anyonewho has a research plan that includes plWordNet.Our main wordnet development tool, the WordNet Weaver [WNW], works onlywith the hypernymy structure. It allows for editing synsets and hypernymic linkswhile adding new lemmas to plWordNet. The hypernymy structure is necessarily shallowerfor adjectival and verbal LUs, so one should leverage all types of links betweensynsets and LUs in order to collect evidence for the most appropriate attachment point.Lexico-semantic relations other than hypernymy can also be beneficial for expandingthe nominal part of plWordNet.In WNW, any change in the lexico-semantic relations other than hypernymy ispossible but from the main plWordNetApp, not from the WNW graphical browser.The algorithm of Activation-area Attachment [AAA] very often selects holonyms aspossible attachment points. All this is especially limiting for verbs, and makes addingadjectival LUs almost impossible. We plan to enable editing of all types of lexicosemanticrelation via WNW graphs.The present model behind the AAA is heuristic. We plan to investigate its possiblegeneralisations on the basis of the statistical properties of the different evidence andrelation graph properties.Besides WNW, there are also open research questions concerning the work of itscomponents. There is no visible threshold in the values produced by the proposedMeasures of Semantic Relatedness [MSR] based on the Rank Weight Function whichdistinguishes closely related lemmas from other lemmas. We plan to explore the
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A Wordnetfrom the Ground Up
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Work financed by the Polish Ministr
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6 Prefaceheartfelt thanks go to all
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8 Chapter 1. Motivation, Goals, Ear
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1.1. Motivation 11[a] special form
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1.1. Motivation 13Affect (Strappara
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1.2. The Goals of the plWordNet Pro
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1.2. The Goals of the plWordNet Pro
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1.3. Early Decisions 19Merge Model:
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1.3. Early Decisions 214. On the ot
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24 Chapter 2. Building a Wordnet Co
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48 Chapter 3. Discovering Semantic
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102 Chapter 4. Extracting Relation
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Page 186 and 187: Appendix ATests for Lexico-semantic
Page 188 and 189: 187Test for adjectives (T. IX)1. p1
Page 190 and 191: 189RelatednessTest for nouns (T. XV
Page 192 and 193: BibliographyAgarwal, Abhaya and Alo
Page 194 and 195: Bibliography 193on Deep Lexical Acq
Page 196 and 197: Bibliography 195Derwojedowa, Magdal
Page 198 and 199: Bibliography 197Grefenstette, Grego
Page 200 and 201: Bibliography 199Kurc, Roman. (2008)
Page 202 and 203: Bibliography 201Mohammad, Saif and
Page 204 and 205: Bibliography 203. (2006) “The pot
Page 206 and 207: Bibliography 205and Technology 7(1-
Page 208 and 209: List of Tables2.1 The size of the c
Page 210 and 211: List of Figures2.1 The LU perspecti
Page 212 and 213: List of Figures 2114.16 Completely
Page 214 and 215: Index 213CBC, see Clustering by Com
Page 216 and 217: Index 215169, 177, 178, 180, 182hyp
Page 218 and 219: Index 217mutual hypernymy, 24Mutual
Page 220 and 221: Index 219SUMO, 14Supported Vector M
Page 222: A language without a wordnet is at
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A Wordnet from the Ground Up

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