Evidence-Based Practice in Foster Parent Training and Support ...

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EBP in Foster Parent Training and Supportof reliability; its validity is not currently known (Orme, Cherry, & Rhodes, 2006). Researcherssuggest that the measure could be used to help foster parents think deliberately about 1) whomight provide them with support, and 2) how to identify additional support sources.It is recommended to administer the assessments once approximately 75% of the waythrough the foster care licensing process, before the home study. Child welfare workers have alsoadministered it at re-licensure for some foster families to further explore training needs. Thesemeasures could be quite valuable to treatment foster agencies as a means of assessing 1) thesupport that foster parents need, and 2) likely sources of support. The Casey Foster FamilyAssessments are rated as an emerging practice.Treatment Foster CareResearch has shown that enhanced services and supports in the form of comprehensiveprograms, including specialized training, professional support, and increased stipends, have beenfound to positively affect foster caregiving quality and outcomes (Soliday, 1998). TFC programsaim to meet the needs of children requiring the intensive structure of residential care in a familyhome environment, and caregivers receive training and support services (like those listed above)to implement in home therapeutic interventions (Reddy & Pfeiffer, 1997). Although a review ofthe effectiveness of treatment foster care is outside of the realm of this report, two recent studieson TFC are noteworthy. First, Galaway, Nutter, and Hudson (1995) assessed the effects of TFCprogram characteristics on type of discharge and restrictiveness of post-discharge livingarrangements for youth. The findings of this study revealed that the program characteristics ofcaseload size, number of clients permitted per providers’ home, and cost per client per year, wereCenter for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare (CASCW)University of Minnesota School of Social WorkContact: Kristine N. Piescher, Ph.D. kpiesche@umn.edu 113
EBP in Foster Parent Training and Supportnot related to the outcomes of whether the youth’s discharge was planned or unplanned, or to therestrictiveness of post discharge living arrangements. However, youth were more likely to bedischarged on a planned basis from high-cost, low-caseload programs than from low-cost, highcaseloadprograms. In a report on a TFC program that offered caregivers intensive preservicetraining, respite, and consistent supervision, foster parents were retained approximately threetimes longer than a treatment foster care program offering traditional forms of support (Daly &Dowd, 1992).WraparoundWraparound is a collaborative planning process designed to provide individualized andcoordinated family-driven care (CEBC, 2008). It is designed to meet the complex needs ofchildren who are 1) involved with multiple child and family-serving systems (e.g. mental health,child welfare, juvenile justice, special education, etc.); 2) at risk of placement in institutionalsettings; and 3) experience emotional, behavioral, or mental health difficulties. The Wraparoundprocess requires collaboration amongst families, service providers, and key members of thefamily’s social support network as a means of creating a plan that responds to the particularneeds of the child and family. These team members then implement the plan and continue tomeet regularly to monitor progress and make adjustments to the plan as necessary. The teamcontinues its work until members reach a consensus that a formal Wraparound process is nolonger needed.Wraparound (as a general service planning process) has received consistent support in theempirical literature and is associated with reductions in foster parent stress, and improvements inCenter for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare (CASCW)University of Minnesota School of Social WorkContact: Kristine N. Piescher, Ph.D. kpiesche@umn.edu 114
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