Evidence-Based Practice in Foster Parent Training and Support ...

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EBP in Foster Parent Training and SupportNTU is rated as an emerging practice. It is associated with improvements in childbehavior, educational outcomes, and mental health, and foster parent satisfaction (Gregory &Phillips, 1996). The NTU program may be appropriate for TFC foster parents who are workingwith African-American foster children as it provides cultural support in addition to traditionalTFC services.Nurturing Parenting Program (NPP)The Nurturing Parenting Program is a family-based program utilized for the treatmentand prevention of child abuse and neglect (Cowen, 2001). At-risk biological families andfamilies caring for abused or neglected children are included in the target population. Programsare designed for parents with young children (birth to 5 years old), school-aged children (5 to 11years old), and teens (12 to 18 years old). Developed from the known behaviors that contribute tothe maltreatment of children, the goals of the curriculum are: 1) to teach age-appropriateexpectations and neurological development of children; 2) to develop empathy and self worth inparents and children; 3) to utilize nurturing, non-violent strategies and techniques in establishingfamily discipline; 4) to empower parents and children to utilize their personal power to makehealthy choices; and 5) to increase awareness of self and others in developing positive patterns ofcommunication while establishing healthy, caring relationships.NPP is delivered in a group and home-based format. Parent groups consist of 12-15participants; child groups consist of 8-12 participants, depending on the children’s ages andabilities. Groups meet weekly for two and a half to three hours over a period of 12 to 48 weeks.The home-based sessions typically last 90 minutes.Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare (CASCW)University of Minnesota School of Social WorkContact: Kristine N. Piescher, Ph.D. kpiesche@umn.edu 23
EBP in Foster Parent Training and SupportNPP is rated as a promising practice and is linked to increases in positive parent attitudesand parenting skills (Cowen, 2001; Devall, 2004). This training may be applicable to TFCparents, but will most likely need to be supplemented by more detailed training on emotional,behavioral, and medical issues.Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT)PCIT was developed for families with young children (aged 3-6) experiencing behavioraland emotional problems (Urquiza & McNeil, 1996). In PCIT therapists coach parents duringinteractions with their child to teach new parenting skills. These skills are designed to strengthenthe parent-child bond; decrease harsh and ineffective discipline control tactics; improve childsocial skills and cooperation; and reduce child negative or maladaptive behaviors.PCIT is conducted in two phases: child-directed interaction (CDI; also described as theRelationship Enhancement phase; 7-10 sessions) and parent-directed interaction (PDI; alsodescribed as the Behavior Management phase; 7-10 sessions). Both phases of the treatment arepreceded by a didactic treatment session in which the parent and child are instructed in basicPCIT Relationship Enhancement and Behavior Management concepts. The objective of thesesessions is to introduce both parent and child to the concepts and provide a rationale for eachconcept. Six to eight treatment sessions then follow, in which the parent and child acquire anddevelop skills. These sessions are referred to as “coaching” sessions because the parent wears asmall remote hearing device, while the therapist talks to him or her from an adjoiningobservation room, watching through a two-way mirror.Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare (CASCW)University of Minnesota School of Social WorkContact: Kristine N. Piescher, Ph.D. kpiesche@umn.edu 24
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