Evidence-Based Practice in Foster Parent Training and Support ...

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EBP in Foster Parent Training and Supportminimum of 12 hours of training. During training, parents are provided an overview ofthe model, taught about identifying and giving information about behaviors, and taughtprocedures for implementing an individualized daily program. The training methodsused are didactic and experiential. During the training, emphasis is on methods andtechniques for reinforcing and encouraging children.Findings: Children in EIFC had significantly fewer failed permanent placements thanchildren in the regular foster care comparison condition. The number of priorplacements was positively associated with the risk of failed permanent placements forchildren in the comparison condition but not for children in EIFC. Type of priormaltreatment did not predict permanent placement outcomes.Fisher, P. A., Gunnar, M. R., Chamberlain,P., & Reid, J. B. (2000). Preventiveintervention for maltreated preschoolers:Impact on children's behavior,neuroendocrine activity, and foster parentfunctioning. Journal of the AmericanAcademy of Child and AdolescentPsychiatry, 39, 1356-1364.Population: Family-based foster care forchildren aged 3-6 who have behavioralproblems or developmental delaysLimitations: The efficacy of this program by maltreatment type could not be assesseddue to low rates of physical and sexual abuse among children in EIFC with failedplacements.Method: This study used a controlled study to test the effectiveness of the EIFCprogram in the period immediately following a child’s placement in a new foster home.Data were collected from three groups of youths (mean age 4.7 years): 1) youthsreferred for placement in an EIFC foster home by the state child welfare systembecause of one or more placement disruptions and/or because of highly disruptive andaggressive behavior; 2) nonreferred youths who were about to be placed in a regularfoster care home (RFC) via the state; and 3) a community comparison group (CC) ofnonmaltreated, same-age youths living with their biological families.Findings: EIFC parents adopted and maintained positive parenting strategies(including monitoring, consistent discipline, and positive reinforcement) similar to ratesin the CC group. Parents in the RFC group exhibited significantly lower rates of theseparenting practices. The intervention also appeared to reduce parents’ stress levelsand bring them more in line with the CC group whereas the RFC group experienced asteady increase in stress levels. Though EIFC children exhibited the poorest behavioraladjustment at the beginning of the intervention, they showed the greatest improvementover time; children’s behavior in the RFC group deteriorated over time. The levels ofcortisol approached a more normal pattern for the EIFC children.Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare (CASCW)University of Minnesota School of Social WorkContact: Kristine N. Piescher, Ph.D. kpiesche@umn.edu 65
EBP in Foster Parent Training and SupportFisher, P. A. & Kim, H. K. (2007).Intervention effects on foster preschoolersattachment-related behaviors from arandomized trial. Prevention Science, 8,161-170.Population: Family-based foster care forchildren aged 3-6 who have behavioralproblems or developmental delaysLimitations: The lack of random assignment and racial and ethnic diversity limits thegeneralizability of these findings. Some effects did not reach statistical significance; thiscould be due to the small sample size utilized in the study.Method: This study utilized an RCT to test the efficacy of the MultidimensionalTreatment Foster Care for Preschoolers (MTFC-P) program on children’s attachmentrelatedbehaviors. 117 children (aged 3-5) in need of a new foster placement (includingchildren who were new to the foster care system, those reentering foster care, andthose moving between placements) were randomly assigned to either the MTFC-P(n=57) or regular foster care comparison condition (n=60). Parents of the MTFC-Pgroup received training, supervision, and support and children received behavioraltherapy as needed.Findings: Children randomly assigned to the MTFC-P condition showed significantincreases in secure behavior and significant decreases in avoidant behavior relative tochildren assigned to a regular foster care condition. Both groups showed significantdecreases in resistant behavior over time. Analyses also revealed a significantinteraction between treatment condition and age at first foster placement on change insecure behavior. Older age at first placement was related to greater increases insecure behaviors for MTFC-P children, whereas the opposite was true for RFCchildren, suggesting that MTFC-P is particularly effective for children placed later andmight mitigate the negative effects of early adversity in the family of origin.Limitations: Most of the attrition cases involved children who moved out of area to bewith biological relatives. Although those who dropped out of the study did not differ interms of problem behaviors when assessed at baseline, the possibility exists thatchanges in attachment-related behaviors for those children might have been differentthan those observed for the children who were retained.NTU Emerging PracticeGregory, S. D. P., & Phillips, F. B. (1996).“NTU”: Progressive Life Center’sAfrocentric Approach to Therapeutic FosterCare (p. 333-350). In M. Roberts (Ed.)Model Programs in Child and FamilyMental Health. Mahwah, NJ: LawrenceMethod: This book chapter reports on a treatment foster care program implementationusing an African-centered approach. The NTU psychotherapy approach is based on theprinciples of ancient African world view, including four principals of mental health andhealing: harmony, balance, interconnectedness, and authenticity. The model provides acomprehensive cultural/spiritual, biopsychosocial approach to intervention for TFC.Interventions are based on the needs of the foster child and can include 1) weekly in-Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare (CASCW)University of Minnesota School of Social WorkContact: Kristine N. Piescher, Ph.D. kpiesche@umn.edu 66
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