Evidence-Based Practice in Foster Parent Training and Support ...

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EBP in Foster Parent Training and Supportfor children in foster care: outcomes andmediation effects. Society for PreventionResearch, 9, 17-27.Population: Family-based foster careincluded all parents receiving a new foster child (aged 5-12) from the San Diego CountyDHHS. Families were randomly assigned to the KEEP intervention or to a control(services as usual) condition. The sample consisted of 700 foster families (34% kinship,66% non-relative).The objectives of KEEP are to give parents effective tools for dealing with their child'sexternalizing and other behavioral and emotional problems, and to support them in theimplementation of those tools. The intervention lasted 16 weeks during which parentsreceived training, supervision, and support in behavior management methods. Thegroup meetings lasted 90 minutes with approximately 15 minutes devoted to didacticpresentations by facilitators. Each week home practice assignments were given.Findings: Compared to the control condition, participation in the KEEP groupincreased parental effectiveness in behavioral management skills, which related todecreased child behavior problems, especially for families who reported higher levels ofinitial problems (more than six problem behaviors per day).Chamberlain, P., Price, J., Reid, J., &Landsverk, J. (2008). Cascadingimplementation of a foster and kinshipparent intervention. Manuscript inpreparation.Population: Family-based foster careLimitations: The study did not test the sustainability of changes in parenting over time.Of the eligible foster parents 38% declined to participate in the study. Data collectedwere based on parent reports of the child behaviors.Method: This study utilized an RCT to investigate the efficacy of a cascadingimplementation of the KEEP model with 463 foster and 237 kinship parents in SanDiego County. Participants that were randomly assigned to the KEEP group received16 weeks of foster/kinship support and training as well as supervision in behaviormanagement methods. Intervention groups consisted of 3 to 10 foster parents. Eachsession lasted 90 minutes and was curriculum structured. Curriculum topics included:framing the foster/kin parents as a central role in altering the life course trajectories ofchildren, methods for encouraging child cooperation and reinforcing normativebehavior, using behavioral contingencies including effective limit setting, and balancingencouragement and limits with an emphasis on increasing rates of positivereinforcement of the child.Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare (CASCW)University of Minnesota School of Social WorkContact: Kristine N. Piescher, Ph.D. kpiesche@umn.edu 55
EBP in Foster Parent Training and SupportFindings: At treatment termination, foster/kin parents in the KEEP condition reportedsignificantly fewer child behavior problems than those in the control condition. Thesechanges were found to be due to changes in parenting behavior. Foster parents in theKEEP groups showed an increase in the proportion of positive reinforcements relativeto discipline parenting practiced; this increase predicted a decrease in child problembehaviors. Additionally, given proper training and supervision, the intervention can betransported to third generation interventionists who were not directly trained orsupervised by the original developers of the intervention.Price, J. M., Chamberlain, P., Landsverk,J., Reid, J. B., Leve, L. D., & Laurent, H.(2008). Effects of a foster parent trainingintervention on placement changes ofchildren in foster care. Child Maltreatment,13, 64-75.Population: Family-based foster careLimitations: Location of meetings may have been an issue for random assignment. Itis unclear if these results will sustain over time and repeated trainings using acascading implementation.Method: This study examined the impact of the KEEP model on child placement anddisruptions utilizing an RCT. The study recruited foster and kinship parents receiving anew placement (aged 5-12) from the San Diego County DHHS. The sample included700 foster families; 34% kinship placements and 66% non-relative placements.Participants were assigned to either the intervention (KEEP model) or control (standardchild welfare casework services) condition. The intervention group received 16 weeksof training, supervision and support in behavior management methods. Curriculumtopics included positive reinforcement, non-harsh discipline methods, close monitoringof the child’s whereabouts, managing peer relationships, avoidance of power strugglesand improving school success.Findings: The study found that participants in the KEEP group were twice as likely toachieve a positive exit (exits from current placement for positive reason such asreunification with biological parent or relative or adoption) by the end of the studyperiod. The study also found that participation in the intervention group lessoned theeffect of a history of multiple placements. The study suggests that building thecapacities of foster parents to manage a child’s behavior problems can lead toreductions in that child’s disruptive behaviors to a level that can be managed by “most”foster and kinship caregivers.Limitations: The study focused only on the fist six and one half months followingbaseline assessment. Thus, the long-term effects of the KEEP model on placementchanges or continuance in current placement were not examined.Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare (CASCW)University of Minnesota School of Social WorkContact: Kristine N. Piescher, Ph.D. kpiesche@umn.edu 56
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