Estimates

Figure 4.11: Drivers of displacement in Herat and HelmandOther man-made hazards 1%Natural hazards12.5%Both conflictand naturalhazards32%Conflict55%cause of their displacement (see figure4.12). It is also striking that very few IDPsconsidered returning to their places oforigin to be an option, including thosedisplaced primarily by natural hazards.Afghanistan’s first national policy onIDPs was adopted in November 2013, andapplies to all people forced to flee theirhomes as a result of military operations,Taliban abuses, disasters brought on bynatural hazards, development projects ora combination of causes. It also includespeople displaced by slow-onset disasterssuch as drought.The policy defines an IDP by the forcednature of their movement, rather than bya specific cause or agency mandate. Italso explicitly acknowledges that it “is notalways easy to clearly identify one factorthat forces families to flee”. 65 As such, itprovides an important tool to advocatefor a comprehensive and integrated responseto all drivers of displacement. Theinternational community should now supportthe Afghan authorities in their effortsto implement the policy effectively.Source: IOM/Samuel Hall Consulting, 2014. Data: IOM DTM, December 2013Figure 4.12: Settlement intentions of displaced householdsin Herat and HelmandPercentage of IDPs interviewed100Return to place of originSettle in third location806040200Integrate locallyUndecidedWaiting on one or several factors62% 68% 56% 71%13%25%Conflict3%27%Naturalhazards10%32%1%1%1%1%Both conflictand naturalhazards14%14%Otherman-madehazardsSource: IOM/Samuel Hall Consulting, 2014. Data: IOM DTM, December 20134 | Geographical distribution and the biggest events45