Play-Persona: Modeling Player Behaviour in Computer Games

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Gameplay metrics form a novel approach within game development and addresses one of the major challenges to user research in this business, namely that of tracking and analyzing user behavior when interacting with the very complex systems that contemporary computer games are. As a user-oriented approach, it complements existing methods utilized in the industry very well, providing detailed and quantitative data to supplement attitudinal and semi quantitative data from e.g. usability testing and playtesting [9,11,13]. Instrumentation data from users form an important contribution to not only user research and –testing during the development phases of game production, but also in monitoring and evaluating user (player) behavior during the extended usage, i.e. during the live periods of games, where given the right tools, data can be obtained directly from the users operating within their natural environments. References 1. Bateman, C., Boon, R.: 21st Century Game Design. Charles River Media (2005) 2. Davis, J.; Steury, K., Pagulayan, R.: A survey method for assessing perceptions of a game: The consumer playtest in game design. Game Studies: The International Journal of Computer Game Research, 5 (2005) 3. DeRosa, P.: Tracking Player Feedback to Improve Game Design. Gamasutra, Aug. 7 (2007) 4. Dumas, J. S. 2003. User-Based Evaluations. In: The HCI handbook. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (2003), 1093-1117 5. Gilleade, K. M., Dix, A.: Using frustration in the design of adaptive videogames. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology, Singapore (2004), 228-232 6. Ijsselsteijn, W., de Kort, Y., Poels, K., Jugelionis, A., Bellotti, F.: Characterizing and Measuring User Experiences in Digital Games. In: Proceedings of ACE, Toronto, Ontario (2007) 7. Isbister, K., Schaffer, N.: Game Usability: Advancing the Player Experience. Morgan Kaufman (2008) 8. Jørgensen, A. H.: Marrying HCI/Usability and Computer Games: A Preliminary Look, Proceedings of NordiCHI, Tampere, Finland (2004) 9. Kim, J. H., Gunn, D. V., Schuh, E., Phillips, B. C., Pagulayan, R. J., Wixon, D.: Tracking Real- Time User Experience (TRUE): A comprehensive instrumentation solution for complex systems. In Proceedings of CHI, Florence, Italy (2008), 443-451 248
10. Kuniavsky, M.: Observing the User Experience: A Practitioner´s Guide to User Research. Morgan Kaufman (2003). 11. Medlock, M.C., Wixon, D., Terrano, M., Romero, R.L., Fulton, B.: Using the RITE method to improve products: A definition and a case study. In: Proceedings of UPA (2002) 12. Nørgaard, M., Rau, J.: User Testing in the Combat Zone. In: Proceedings of ACE, Toronto, Ontario (2007) 13. Pagulayan, R. J., Keeker, K., Wixon, D., Romero, R. L., Fuller, T.: User-centered design in games. In: The HCI handbook. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (2003), 883-906 14. Pagulayan, R. J., Steury, K. R., Fulton, B., Romero, R. L.: Designing for fun: user-testing case studies. In: Blythe, M. A., Overbeeke, K., Monk, A. F. Wright, P. C. (Eds.): Funology: From usability to enjoyment. Human-Computer Interaction series. Kluwer Academic Publishers (2005). 14 15. Schultz, C. P.: Game Testing All in One. Course Technology PTR (2005) 16. Swain, C. 2008. Master Metrics: The Science Behind the Art of Game Design. Presentation at NLGD Conference, Utrecht, Holland (2008) 17. Tychsen, A., Canossa, A.: Defining Personas in Games Using Metrics. In: proceedings of Future Play 2008, Toronto, Canada. ACM publishers (2008), 73-80 249
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Play-Persona: Modeling Player Behav
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4.2.3 PLAYER EXPRESSION 53 4.3 PEIR
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to th
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ABSTRACT This thesis proposes a fra
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Analysis seeks to break down comple
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Considering games as acts of commun
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ensemble - the syntagm. Selection r
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described in terms of likelihood of
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ook: FLUX, published in 2008. This
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2. A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR MODE
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“positivism” and “anti-positi
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with the game world based solely on
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on that text. Later, Barthes introd
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according to their mental state. Wh
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Following the humanistic tradition
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In most games it is not realistic t
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ehaviour. Assessing assumptions on
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Independently on the identity of ea
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main focus of the brand has always
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3.4 Play-persona as a lens (a poste
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Figure 10: personality and subperso
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4. CREATING EXPERIENCES The MDA fra
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Play-styles are sets of isotopic ga
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4.2.3 Player expression Player expr
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Players will eventually understand
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Combining both of these two approac
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REFERENCES 1. Aarseth, E. (1997): C
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52. Hunicke, R. LeBlanc, M. & Zubek
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96. Wiggins, A. (2006): Data Driven
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ARTICLE 1 - TOWARDS A THEORY OF THE
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flow between the player, the avatar
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6. The player constructs knowledge
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are sets of rational, bodily, and b
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ehaviorism asserting that a compreh
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4.3 Origin of subpersonalities Acco
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environment and the emanating subpe
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flow line), one must increase the c
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7.1 Explorer’s path FIGURE 5 Expl
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the roof section, where he/she will
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14. DE SOUSA, R. 2003. Emotions. In
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ARTICLE 2 - DESIGNING LEVELS FOR EN
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2 STRUCTURE OF A GAME LEVEL The fir
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3.2 Symbolical Reading The movement
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The hangar is open for workers and
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gather info, spying through keyhole
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6.2 Play-Personas I am going to def
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The Butcher persona would have quit
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ARTICLE 3 - WAVING EXPERIENCES: PLA
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types" [12]. Personas are construct
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esults in the relatively easy task
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Crew actions schemas are: • Squad
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choice given until the mark “poli
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REFERENCES 1. Bozec, P. "My Everyth
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ARTICLE 4 - WEAVING EXPERIENCES IN
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In order to be able to take acti
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persona could be narratively define
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of non lethal, silent, and clean de
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ARTICLE 5 - DEFINING PERSONAS IN GA
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software is however limited in that
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event sets, i.e. capturing metrical
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objects and entities within it. Eve
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metrics include tracking camera vie
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Figure 4: Example of interaction me
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looting is a play-style observed in
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players can choose between differen
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Play modes: Running, climbing, fall
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according to their positioning on a
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14. Medlock, M.C., Wixon, D.; Terra
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ARTICLE 6 - PLAY-PERSONAS: BEHAVIOU
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experiences are evaluated and remem
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B) It is possible to infer user nee
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personas are hypotheses that emerge
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Expert Rookie Grunt Athlete Chess-
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Procedural description: Shooting: -
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In the case example for Tomb Raider
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2. Cooper, A.: The Inmates Are Runn
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ARTICLE 7 - TOWARDS GAMEPLAY ANALYS
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The requirement for improving user-
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The literature on game metrics is m
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ecause they all stem from in-house
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If a player kills a traitor they re
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Figure 3 (Top): diagram showing the
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titles where there is a trend towar
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a secondary variable together with
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player spent at the location and wh
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3. Börner, K., Penumarthy, S.: Soc
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34. Thompson, C.: Halo 3: How Micro
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ARTICLE 8 - ANALYZING SPATIAL USER
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on basic statistical analysis metho
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visualization or for creating overv
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egarding actions undertaken in-game
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ased methods within the games area
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2.4 The EIDOS Metrics Suite The dat
Page 197 and 198: is played in Third-Person perspecti
Page 199 and 200: one cause of death, and performing
Page 201 and 202: ArcGIS permits different layers to
Page 203 and 204: 4. Cadez, I., Heckerman, D., Meek,
Page 205 and 206: 35. Whiteside, J., Archer, N. P., W
Page 207 and 208: ARTICLE 9 - PLAYER MODELING USING S
Page 209 and 210: unsupervised learning in capturing
Page 211 and 212: 3. TOMB RAIDER: UNDERWORLD The popu
Page 213 and 214: 2 - Environment; the percent of tot
Page 215 and 216: (ESOM) [5] to emphasize the distinc
Page 217 and 218: populated middle-left cluster (Fig.
Page 219 and 220: weight values we repeat the trainin
Page 221 and 222: TABLE I THE FOUR PLAYING BEHAVIOR C
Page 223 and 224: (d) Number of Deaths, D (e) Complet
Page 225 and 226: equests for specific in-game puzzle
Page 227 and 228: 13. G. N. Yannakakis and M. Maragou
Page 229 and 230: ARTICLE 10 - PSYCHOLOGY OF PERSONAL
Page 231 and 232: Personality is described as recogni
Page 233 and 234: Inputs: Outputs: Primary attack (ra
Page 235 and 236: Due to the fact that each game metr
Page 237 and 238: 12. Jennett, C., Cox, A.L., Cairns,
Page 239 and 240: ARTICLE 11 - GAME METRICS AND BIOME
Page 241 and 242: His research interests are biometri
Page 243 and 244: 5. R. L. Hazlett. Measuring emotion
Page 245 and 246: ARTICLE 12 - ANALYZING USER BEHAVIO
Page 247: elated to player-game interaction a
Page 251 and 252: ARTICLE 13 - PATTERNS OF PLAY: PLAY
Page 253 and 254: Play-personas are here introduced a
Page 255 and 256: It is only natural that game design
Page 257 and 258: 4 Defining play-personas using game
Page 259 and 260: TRU is the eighth installment in th
Page 261 and 262: gameplay, descriptiveness of player
Page 263 and 264: In the case of TRU, the three param
Page 265 and 266: into which sections of the levels t
Page 267 and 268: Runners: This group completes the g
Page 269 and 270: 17. Iser, W.: The Implied Reader. J
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