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271 - Field evaluation of nitrate transport and matrix storage processes in Prince Edward Island’s fractured sandstone aquifer Amanda Malenica, Steven Chapman, Beth Parker, & John Cherry G360 Centre for Applied Groundwater Research, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada Mark Grimmett & Yefang Jiang Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada Cathy Ryan Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada The province of Prince Edward Island (PEI) is unique in Canada because 100% of the population is reliant on groundwater for drinking water supply. Of PEI’s total land area, 42% is cleared for agricultural use, 15% of which was planted with potatoes in 2014 (PEI DAF, 2014). Nitrate concentrations have increased steadily in municipal and domestic wells and in surface water since the mid-1980s, as have the production of potatoes. Ecological impacts are detrimental to estuarine biota and evidenced by visible eutrophication and anoxic events. Although beneficial management practices (BMPs) have been identified and implemented, groundwater and surface water nitrate concentrations have not decreased substantially. The accumulation of nitrate mass diffusing into the porous rock matrix over time from fractures that dominate groundwater flow could be impeding the rate of nitrate concentration decrease. The relatively low-K rock matrix between the fractures constitutes the storage capacity of a dual-domain flow and transport system. Improvements in groundwater quality resulting from reduced nitrate loading are likely tempered by back-diffusion of the nitrate stored in the matrix where diffusion back to the fractures could delay down-gradient improvements in water quality. The objective of this study was to characterize the nitrate distribution at two different study sites within a discrete fractured network (DFN) context, including quantitation of nitrate concentrations in the rock matrix. Continuous cores, up to 45 m deep, were logged for lithology, discrete fractures and advective pathways. Discrete depth samples were collected adjacent to fractures and at varying distances into the matrix between fractures to quantify the immobile nitrate porewater concentrations and evaluate the magnitude of attenuation by diffusion and redox controlled reactions. Results showed local peaks in matrix nitrate concentrations, as high as 36 mg/L-N, primarily in the partially saturated overburden and upper saturated fractured bedrock. Nitrate concentrations did not completely attenuate with depth. This suggests the denitrification process is not strong, likely due to lack of electron donors and oxygenated conditions. Multi-level monitoring systems (MLS) were designed to facilitate high–resolution spatial and temporal measurements of mobile groundwater in fractures (hydraulic head, nitrate and other major ions and isotopes). Results demonstrate the influence of various mechanisms, including matrix diffusion and redox conditions, on the movement and attenuation of nitrate. Understanding these controlling processes is critical to informing conceptual models of flow and transport in sedimentary bedrock aquifers and understanding efficacy of BMP implementation and for development of sustainable agricultural practices. IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO CONFERENCE 147
279 - Groundwater nitrate leaching under various land uses on the Abbotsford Sumas Aquifer Alison Schincariol, Shawn E. Loo & M. Cathryn Ryan, Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Martin Suchy Environment Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada Bernie Zebarth Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, NB Groundwater nitrate contamination in the Abbotsford Sumas Aquifer has been recognized as early as the 1970s, and widespread aquifer contamination since the 1990s. Although other sources are present on the aquifer, standard agricultural practices have been identified as the main nitrate source. Understanding the direct influence of soil and crop management on groundwater nitrate leaching is important to support beneficial management practices. Evolving agricultural land use over the past decades reflects a variety of socio-economic conditions, however. Since nitrate leaching is different under different land uses, additional research is required to understand the timing and extent of groundwater nitrate leaching in each new type of land use. While recent research has worked with cooperators on to evaluate the timing a rate of nitrate leaching under raspberries, significant blueberry planting have occurred over the past decade. This field research uses high-resolution passive diffusion sampling wells installed immediately downgradient of varying land uses of interest, including blueberries. A time series of high-resolution nitrate profiles are interpreted to evaluate nitrate leaching with respect to land use upgradient of each of the three wells. In addition to providing insight into nitrate leaching under different land uses, the vertical profiles are interpreted holistically in the context of aquifer wide groundwater flow, land use, and vertical nitrate distribution. POSTER SESSION: Flow and Transport in Fractured Rock Thursday October 29, 16:40 Room: Regent 148 - Towards effective First Nations’ source water protection: A groundwater-focused study for decision-making and long-term planning Rachael Marshall, Jana Levison, & Edward McBean School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada First Nations in Ontario are facing many complex water management issues that put them at higher risk than other communities for source water contamination. While source water 148 IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO CONFERENCE
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Conference Program Abstracts HOSTED
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IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO ORGANIZING CO
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GREETINGS FROM THE IAH CNC It is my
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PLATINUM SPONSORS MAXXAM - is the C
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EXHIBITORS AQUANTY INC. - a hydrolo
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HOTEL FLOOR PLANS 12 IAH-CNC 2015 W
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SOCIAL PROGRAM In addition to the c
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HENRY DARCY DISTINGUISHED LECTURE S
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Since the first big surprise on fin
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In this final plenary session, some
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Wednesday PM2 Technical Sessions: 1
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WEDNESDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Wedne
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WEDNESDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Time/
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THURSDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE 8:30 -
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THURSDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Time/H
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FRIDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE 7:15 - 8
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ABSTRACTS Groundwater/Surface Water
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Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (A
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Road Salt Impacts on Groundwater We
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estimates of road salt loading to t
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Innovation in the Remediation of Co
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214 - Treatment of Manufactured Gas
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Geological and geochemical conditio
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227 - Deep-Seated Aquiclude Groundw
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samples from the Upper Silurian, th
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247 - Subsurface Water Flow from We
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advanced, event-based sampling. Exa
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natural or anthropogenic hazards an
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numeric model that covered 80% of t
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and remediation performance in smea
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experiments designed to mimic a per
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e-entrant bedrock valleys on the Ni
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and above the regional Newmarket Ti
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Agricultural Impacts on Groundwater
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conditions is necessary to ensure r
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Faced with increasing nitrate conce
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This paper outlines the District’
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219 - Current results and outcomes
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cross-sections to look for consiste
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Surface conditions have changed tho
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The goal of this research was to ob
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277 - Assessing soil water content
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An integrated model was determined
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198 - Monitoring of event-based, de
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A steady-state equivalent porous me
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with the existing well system witho
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Groundwater Issues From Oil and Gas
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Page 105 and 106: Artificial sweeteners (AS) are comm
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Page 113 and 114: This presentation will provide an o
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Page 117 and 118: Milton Quarry. This system is a uni
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Page 133 and 134: Lithological logs from the Alberta
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Page 169 and 170: in situ treatment of coal tar at a
Page 171 and 172: within the Quadra aquifer generally
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