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aquifers and (ii) the uncertain integrity of domestic and farm wells, there is clearly a burden of proof on those sampling such wells to demonstrate that the ‘pre-drill’ data collected are robust and provide reliable information for use in dispute resolution and resource management. If the only purpose of such ‘baseline’ sampling is the collection of natural gas samples, then (i) the transient nature of natural gas emissions from oil and gas wells needs to be considered in terms of monitoring and (ii) sample collection must be optimized to reduce degassing at the well. Neither constraint is easily overcome with domestic wells. An exemplary protocol for testing of domestic and farm wells is that developed by Alberta Environment (Standard for Baseline Water Well Testing for Coalbed Methane/Natural Gas in Coal Operations, April 2006) that encourages (but does not require) the removal of the sanitary seal of a landowner’s well in order to conduct both a water-supply ‘yield test’ and GWQ sampling downhole. The additional expense (~$3,000 per well) of such a precaution may be considered as part of the cost of acquiring better scientific data from a water well not designed to yield scientifically reliable GWQ data. 145 - Case Study Source Discrimination of a Benzene Release Using a Two-Dimensional (2D) Compound Specific Isotopic Analysis (CSIA) Approach Natalie Szponar, Brad J. MacLean, Tom H. Grimminck, Heather Stuart, & Rob F. Kell Dillon Consulting Limited, Oakville, Ontario, Canada In recent years, Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA) has emerged as an important tool in environmental forensics in assessing source(s) at contaminated sites, understanding comingled plumes and evaluating contaminant attenuation. This case study presents a Two-Dimensional (2D) CSIA approach that was used to gain a better understanding of the potential source(s) and age of benzene impacts to groundwater where no definitive source or release date had been identified. Extensive groundwater and soil characterization at the site of the case study identified benzene impacts in soil from 1 to greater than 4 meter below ground surface, with a maximum identified benzene concentration of 1,500 ug/g in soil; and 939,000 ug/L in groundwater. Although the characterization has provided a good understanding of the distribution of the benzene impacts, the source of the identified impacts and the time of release(s) were unknown. These unknowns were further complicated by the presence of numerous potential sources and a complex array of underground services and pipelines. Stable isotope techniques provide a powerful tool for source discrimination. In particular, stable carbon (δ 13 C) and hydrogen (δ 2 H) isotopes when plotted against each other for a specific compound (i.e., benzene) [referred to 2D-CSIA] can provide a “fingerprint” plot. This plot can be used to distinguish between different physical and biological processes affecting the compound, and may also provide further differentiation between different sources of refined/ manufactured benzene product (based on source material and manufacturing process). IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO CONFERENCE 155
For this study, impacted groundwater was collected from selected monitoring wells representing different areas of the site and concentrations of benzene impacts. In addition, a raw benzene product sample was also collected as a representative example potential source material from one of the underground pipelines. The 2D-CSIA approach was used on these samples to provide information on the source and state of the benzene impacts (i.e., historic vs. ongoing) and the degree of weathering (i.e., biological, physical, chemical) as interpreted from the isotope signatures. The results of 2D-CSIA will be discussed within the limitations of the stable isotope interpretation. POSTER SESSION: Groundwater/Surface Water Interaction Thursday October 29, 16:40 Room: Regent 120 - Moisture loading – the hidden information in observation well records Garth van der Kamp Environment Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada It has long been recognized in soil mechanics and hydrogeology that changes of mechanical load acting on the ground surface lead to changes of fluid pressure in underlying formations. Barometric pressure changes are a changing surface load and their effects on groundwater levels are familiar to every hydrogeologist dealing with the “barometric efficiency” of observation wells. Changes of total moisture (e.g. snow accumulation, surface water, soil moisture, water table storage) also represent changes of mechanical load and therefore are reflected in groundwater pressure records for all confined formations. However, moisture loading effects are obscured by groundwater pressure fluctuations due to other causes, primarily atmospheric pressure changes, and are therefore generally not recognized. Analysis and removal of the barometric effects allows identification and analysis of moisture loading effects and can provide valuable information on the hydrogeology and hydrology of the well site. Observation wells thus act as large-scale weighing lysimeters. Such “geolysimeters” may be normal observation wells in confined aquifers and can also be in the form of shut-in pressure sensors positioned in the interior of thick aquitards, in which case the sensing area is well defined. Geolysimeters can provide a unique measure of total water storage changes on a scale commensurate with that of the “pixels” of regional hydrogeological and hydrological models. Such storage changes are increasingly recognized as a critical link between precipitation and streamflow in watershed hydrology. Incorporation of moisture loading theory in numerical models of groundwater-soil moisture-vegetation interactions can open the way for use of detailed records of groundwater levels to verify and improve model performance. 156 IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO CONFERENCE
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Conference Program Abstracts HOSTED
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IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO ORGANIZING CO
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GREETINGS FROM THE IAH CNC It is my
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PLATINUM SPONSORS MAXXAM - is the C
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GOLD SPONSOR GHD - is a leading int
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EXHIBITORS AQUANTY INC. - a hydrolo
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HOTEL FLOOR PLANS 12 IAH-CNC 2015 W
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SOCIAL PROGRAM In addition to the c
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HENRY DARCY DISTINGUISHED LECTURE S
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Since the first big surprise on fin
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In this final plenary session, some
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Wednesday PM2 Technical Sessions: 1
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WEDNESDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Wedne
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WEDNESDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Time/
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THURSDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE 8:30 -
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THURSDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Time/H
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FRIDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE 7:15 - 8
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ABSTRACTS Groundwater/Surface Water
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Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (A
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Road Salt Impacts on Groundwater We
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estimates of road salt loading to t
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Innovation in the Remediation of Co
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214 - Treatment of Manufactured Gas
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Geological and geochemical conditio
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227 - Deep-Seated Aquiclude Groundw
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samples from the Upper Silurian, th
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247 - Subsurface Water Flow from We
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advanced, event-based sampling. Exa
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natural or anthropogenic hazards an
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numeric model that covered 80% of t
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and remediation performance in smea
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experiments designed to mimic a per
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e-entrant bedrock valleys on the Ni
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and above the regional Newmarket Ti
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Agricultural Impacts on Groundwater
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conditions is necessary to ensure r
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Faced with increasing nitrate conce
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This paper outlines the District’
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219 - Current results and outcomes
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cross-sections to look for consiste
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Surface conditions have changed tho
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The goal of this research was to ob
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277 - Assessing soil water content
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An integrated model was determined
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198 - Monitoring of event-based, de
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A steady-state equivalent porous me
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with the existing well system witho
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Groundwater Issues From Oil and Gas
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support provincial regulations and
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319 - Baseline Water Well Testing i
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out in heterogeneous and anisotropi
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collected can then be used to calcu
Page 105 and 106: Artificial sweeteners (AS) are comm
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Page 109 and 110: 1 Civil Engineering, University of
Page 111 and 112: Kh estimates within the context of
Page 113 and 114: This presentation will provide an o
Page 115 and 116: 296 - In-Situ Subsurface Remediatio
Page 117 and 118: Milton Quarry. This system is a uni
Page 119 and 120: 171 - Evaluating the Effects of Inc
Page 121 and 122: from the FFT into the lake water vi
Page 123 and 124: significant threats are prohibited.
Page 125 and 126: Groundwater Issues From Oil and Gas
Page 127 and 128: 259 - Assessment of Non-saline Wate
Page 129 and 130: Regional bedrock potable groundwate
Page 131 and 132: 168 - Deep groundwater systems in s
Page 133 and 134: Lithological logs from the Alberta
Page 135 and 136: The change in well water nitrate co
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Page 141 and 142: policies. In this paper we present
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Page 145 and 146: POSTER SESSION: Agricultural Impact
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Page 149 and 150: 279 - Groundwater nitrate leaching
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Page 155: effects dewatering would have on th
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Page 161 and 162: 151 - Prevalence of Arsenic Enrichm
Page 163 and 164: nearshore groundwater chemistry inc
Page 165 and 166: POSTER SESSION: Innovation in the R
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Page 169 and 170: in situ treatment of coal tar at a
Page 171 and 172: within the Quadra aquifer generally
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Page 175 and 176: The Ontario Geological Survey (OGS)
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Page 181 and 182: 233 - Using geophysical logs for st
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Page 185 and 186: Freeze and Cherry, 1979) hypothesiz
Page 187 and 188: transport. The transport of hydroca
Page 189 and 190: POSTER SESSION: Workshop on Groundw
Page 191 and 192: Champ and Janis Gulens of AECL and
Page 193 and 194: as mountainous terraines, and under
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