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deposits form a locally significant aquifer in the west central part of the region and an associated organic-rich alluvial deposit was dated at >50 ka BP. The main Late Wisconsinan Nissouri Phase Catfish Creek Till forms a key aquitard across the region. The till is an important stratigraphic marker in the northwestern and central portions of the area, but is not easily distinguished from later deposits in the southeast. Erie Phase aquifers, including Orangeville moraine glaciofluvial and subaquatic fan sediments, and fine-textured glaciolacustrine and diamicton aquitards were deposited during and following the break-up of Catfish Creek ice. Port Bruce Phase Tavistock, upper Maryhill and Port Stanley and upper sandy tills, deposited during lobate ice advances from the northwest, southeast and northeast, respectively form the upper aquitards across much of the region. Although aquifers within coarse-textured Orangeville moraine sediments and surface outwash deposits are exploited locally, their key role is for groundwater recharge. In the far southeast of the region, Mackinaw Phase Wentworth Till and debris flows form the Paris moraine and define the maximum extent of the Erie–Ontario ice lobe during this ice advance. Closed depressions within the granular deposits of the Paris moraine facilitates recharge ensuring a healthy groundwater flow system at the head of three watersheds. 308 - Origin and Sedimentological Context of Large Sand and Gravel Aquifers – Belleville, Trenton and Brighton Areas George Gorrell BGC Engineering Inc. Numerous large, underfit valleys, which are oriented northeast to southwest and east to west, traverse the area from Belleville to Brighton. Large to moderately sized glaciofluvial deposits are found within some of these valleys. Geological mapping and site investigations in the last 10 years have determined that the thickness and lateral extent of the gravel deposits are significantly larger than was previously believed. Drilling and other site investigations which include seismic studies have found that the deposits, in many cases, are on the order of 60 m or more thick, rather than the 10 to 20 m previously believed, and that the sand and gravel is frequently buried and/or extends laterally to the uplands adjacent to the valleys. The deposits have been found to either encompass the majority of the upland and are buried by a veneer of till or are buried in wide deep channels that dissect the upland. The deposits have significant value for both the groundwater and the aggregate resource. The underlying Lindsay and Verulam bedrock formations in the area are notoriously poor aquifers, both for their low to negligible yield and their natural water quality. By contrast the surficial aquifers can yield quantities capable of supporting whole communities. Furthermore, since the Oak Ridges Moraine was designated an ecologically important geological landform, development upon the moraine has been severely restricted. Commercial interests such as bottled water companies, and public interests such as communities seeking a communal water supply, compete with aggregate operators for access to the resource. This has resulted in increased concern over conflicting land-use issues, particularly in the Belleville, Trenton and Brighton areas which are some of the more intensive development areas. IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO CONFERENCE 67
Agricultural Impacts on Groundwater 1 Wednesday, October 28, 15:20 – 17:00 Chair: Cathy Ryan Room: Strauss 155 - Addressing groundwater nitrate contamination associated with intensive agricultural production systems: The Abbotsford- Sumas Aquifer case study Bernie J. Zebarth Potato Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada M. Cathryn Ryan Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Gwyn Graham Pacific & Yukon Region, Environment Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Tom A. Forge & Denise Neilsen Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada The Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer is arguably the most studied case in Canada of groundwater nitrate contamination associated with agricultural production. Underlying some of the most productive agricultural land in Canada, this highly vulnerable trans-boundary aquifer provides a unique case study on the opportunities and challenges of addressing water quality issues. A groundwater monitoring program initiated in the early 1990s has been important in tracking spatial and temporal variation in groundwater nitrate concentration. However, small land parcels with spatially and temporally variable land use and management practices, and sub-horizontal flow in this highly permeable sand and gravel aquifer, make it difficult to relate groundwater monitoring results to specific agricultural practices. Isotopic and nitrogen budget approaches pointed to the historical over-application of N relative to crop requirement (primarily as manure used to increase soil organic matter during replanting but also as a nutrient source during production). Despite changes in agricultural practices, and programs aimed at raising grower awareness, no appreciable change in average groundwater nitrate concentration has occurred over the monitoring period. On individual land parcels, nitrate contamination may be reduced through development and adoption of an integrated suite of BMPs to improve N fertilization, irrigation and alley vegetation management, and in particular to eliminate application of any organic soil amendment such as untreated manure in which the N has not been stabilized (e.g., by composting). However, the substantial N imbalance on a regional scale, and the lack of an effective on-going consultative process among stakeholders, remain major barriers to the development, demonstration and adoption of BMPs. The lack of an on-going consultative process among stakeholders, the lack of a concerted research and development effort conducted in collaboration with growers, and the lack of objective metrics of the efficacy and adoption of BMPs, remains a major barrier to the development, demonstration and adoption of BMPs. 68 IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO CONFERENCE
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Conference Program Abstracts HOSTED
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IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO ORGANIZING CO
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GREETINGS FROM THE IAH CNC It is my
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PLATINUM SPONSORS MAXXAM - is the C
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GOLD SPONSOR GHD - is a leading int
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EXHIBITORS AQUANTY INC. - a hydrolo
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HOTEL FLOOR PLANS 12 IAH-CNC 2015 W
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SOCIAL PROGRAM In addition to the c
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Page 19 and 20: Since the first big surprise on fin
Page 21 and 22: In this final plenary session, some
Page 23 and 24: Wednesday PM2 Technical Sessions: 1
Page 25 and 26: WEDNESDAY PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Wedne
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Page 35 and 36: ABSTRACTS Groundwater/Surface Water
Page 37 and 38: Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (A
Page 39 and 40: Road Salt Impacts on Groundwater We
Page 41 and 42: estimates of road salt loading to t
Page 43 and 44: Innovation in the Remediation of Co
Page 45 and 46: 214 - Treatment of Manufactured Gas
Page 47 and 48: Geological and geochemical conditio
Page 49 and 50: 227 - Deep-Seated Aquiclude Groundw
Page 51 and 52: samples from the Upper Silurian, th
Page 53 and 54: 247 - Subsurface Water Flow from We
Page 55 and 56: advanced, event-based sampling. Exa
Page 57 and 58: natural or anthropogenic hazards an
Page 59 and 60: numeric model that covered 80% of t
Page 61 and 62: and remediation performance in smea
Page 63 and 64: experiments designed to mimic a per
Page 65 and 66: e-entrant bedrock valleys on the Ni
Page 67: and above the regional Newmarket Ti
Page 71 and 72: conditions is necessary to ensure r
Page 73 and 74: Faced with increasing nitrate conce
Page 75 and 76: This paper outlines the District’
Page 77 and 78: 219 - Current results and outcomes
Page 79 and 80: cross-sections to look for consiste
Page 81 and 82: Surface conditions have changed tho
Page 83 and 84: The goal of this research was to ob
Page 85 and 86: 277 - Assessing soil water content
Page 87 and 88: An integrated model was determined
Page 89 and 90: 198 - Monitoring of event-based, de
Page 91 and 92: A steady-state equivalent porous me
Page 93 and 94: with the existing well system witho
Page 95 and 96: Groundwater Issues From Oil and Gas
Page 97 and 98: support provincial regulations and
Page 99 and 100: 319 - Baseline Water Well Testing i
Page 101 and 102: out in heterogeneous and anisotropi
Page 103 and 104: collected can then be used to calcu
Page 105 and 106: Artificial sweeteners (AS) are comm
Page 107 and 108: the environment and (in the few stu
Page 109 and 110: 1 Civil Engineering, University of
Page 111 and 112: Kh estimates within the context of
Page 113 and 114: This presentation will provide an o
Page 115 and 116: 296 - In-Situ Subsurface Remediatio
Page 117 and 118: Milton Quarry. This system is a uni
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171 - Evaluating the Effects of Inc
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from the FFT into the lake water vi
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significant threats are prohibited.
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Groundwater Issues From Oil and Gas
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259 - Assessment of Non-saline Wate
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Regional bedrock potable groundwate
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168 - Deep groundwater systems in s
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Lithological logs from the Alberta
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The change in well water nitrate co
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114 - Validating effects of spring
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1. Should the diversion and use of
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policies. In this paper we present
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254 - Microbial community character
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POSTER SESSION: Agricultural Impact
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setting. Preliminary results from a
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279 - Groundwater nitrate leaching
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compromise between: the number of a
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298 - Fracture network and groundwa
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effects dewatering would have on th
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For this study, impacted groundwate
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257 - Hydrogeological and geochemic
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151 - Prevalence of Arsenic Enrichm
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nearshore groundwater chemistry inc
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POSTER SESSION: Innovation in the R
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278 - Microbial Subsurface Repopula
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in situ treatment of coal tar at a
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within the Quadra aquifer generally
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The aquifer is mostly confined; but
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The Ontario Geological Survey (OGS)
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on producing zone in Alberta. Towar
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and quantity perspectives. This wor
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233 - Using geophysical logs for st
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Earth’s gravitational field from
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Freeze and Cherry, 1979) hypothesiz
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transport. The transport of hydroca
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POSTER SESSION: Workshop on Groundw
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Champ and Janis Gulens of AECL and
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as mountainous terraines, and under
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NOTES: 194 IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO CO
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NOTES: 196 IAH-CNC 2015 WATERLOO CO
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