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24 Start with the park Green spaces: assets or liabilities? A patchwork of unsuccessful green spaces is often one symptom of the area’s problems. New parks, gardens and other green spaces may have been created in the past merely because this seemed an easy way of making use of spare land. The cost of maintaining such spaces may create an intolerable financial burden, and they may become run-down and underused. This, in turn, can lead to vandalism, anti-social behaviour and more serious crime, and, coupled with a lack of social vitality, imposes a severe test of the robustness of the public realm. The result can be a spiral of decline. Private investment, personal commitment and community pride are increasingly eroded.In contrast, however, developing a high-quality public realm can be a powerful means of transforming the image of a depressed area and reducing deprivation. It is important, though, not to assume that simply creating a new park will solve the question of what to do with underused land. Unless the creation of the park is part of a wider green space strategy, and has a secure source of revenue funding, it is quite likely to become underused and run-down. Maintaining a new park or amenity green space will put a considerable financial burden on the local authority or other organisation responsible, which may simply not be able to afford it. CABE has published guidance on early lessons from the work that the market renewal pathfinders have completed to date
Green spaces in areas undergoing major change 25 Summary of key challenges and responses - low demand areas Key challenges Response Case study Whole area suffers from poor image Develop innovative and inspiring landscape and public realm projects to provide a unique selling point Park Central p26 Housing areas lack green space Large amounts of poorly designed and managed green space Create a hierarchy of high-quality spaces to form centres of each neighbourhood, aiming to achieve all the design qualities Remodel green space to improve its design quality St Peter’s Ward p28 Park Central p26 Vacant lots in a depopulated urban area Pressure to undertake piecemeal demolition Create community-based productive interim uses Develop a clear vision of the quality of space that will be created through clearance Detroit, Michigan p32 St Peter’s Ward p28 Derelict industrial infrastructure Large areas of contaminated land Lack of integration between different strategies Make the most of heritage by retaining former industrial structures as centrepieces or venues in green spaces Employ low-cost remediation techniques such as planting Develop a regional or sub-regional strategy with the role of green space at its heart Landschaftspark p40 Holyhead Copse p92 Regional Park and the Panopticons project p72 Lack of cultural vitality Integrate cultural approaches to urban regeneration into green space design and management Gunpowder Park p80 Lack of community cohesion or trust in regeneration efforts Use green space as a means of creating social vitality and community capital Green Streets p56 Lack of community trust in regeneration efforts Low land values Design and carry out an effective involvement process Raise land values by investing in high-quality public realm early in the regeneration process Southey Owlerton p46 Minneapolis Park System p8 Lack of economic vitality Make use of green spaces and vacant buildings for temporary uses Detroit, Michigan p32 Low levels of design aspiration Use design panels and provide design training Southey Owlerton p46 Lack of green space management skills Use green space in training programmes St Peter’s Ward p28
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Page 7 and 8: 5 The need for quality green spaces
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Page 37 and 38: Planning green infrastructure 35
Page 39 and 40: Planning green infrastructure 37 Go
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Page 43 and 44: Planning green infrastructure 41 De
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Page 57 and 58: Thinking about design 55 Green spac
Page 59 and 60: Thinking about design 57 Design Gre
Page 61 and 62: Thinking about design 59 1. Sustain
Page 63 and 64: Thinking about design 61 Design The
Page 65 and 66: Thinking about design 63 2. Charact
Page 67 and 68: Thinking about design 65 Design Gus
Page 69 and 70: Thinking about design 67 4. Connect
Page 71 and 72: Thinking about design 69 Design God
Page 73 and 74: Thinking about design 71 Focal poin
Page 75 and 76: Thinking about design 73 Partners a
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Thinking about design 75 6. Adaptab
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Thinking about design 77 Design Joh
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Thinking about design 79 Diverse us
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Thinking about design 81 Design LDA
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Thinking about design 83 Thinking a
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Delivering better green spaces 85
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Delivering better green spaces 87 P
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Delivering better green spaces 89 E
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The need for quality green spaces 9
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Thinking about design 93 Design Bla
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Delivering better green spaces 95 D
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Appendix 97 Glossary A full range o
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Appendix 99 body for protecting and
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Appendix 101 derelict land, revital
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Appendix 103 Awards BRITISH ASSOCIA
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Appendix 105 Image credits p6 Dan B
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Appendix 107 References All CABE pu
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Commission for Architecture & the B
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