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THE COUNTRY: ECONOMIC POLICY Expectations 10 years ago Reality in 2016 Balanced spatial development through more aspects (north-south, city-village, center-periphery) Cities are more pleasant for life and work because: • Public spaces are equipped and there are enough of them. • Public services are efficient and are satisfying needs. • Green areas are arranged and more citizens are spending their time out in the open in recreation and socializing. • Pavements, pedestrian and bicycle paths, and public transportation, having in mind the size of our cities, are bases of citizens’ mobility. • Every city has a network of social centres for cultural activities, youth centres, and centres for the elderly. • Every city has its own economic and business zones. • Expansion of cities is controlled and in line with needs. City planning is based on clear indicators with the aim to reach balanced sustainable spatial development. Architecture and construction follow modern trends especially when it comes to respecting the existing values and contexture, sustainability of construction, the use of ecological principles and energy efficiency. • North region still has a negative demographic and economic trend, which also influences negatively spatial development. • Podgorica is slowly spatially “swallowing” north and south. • Montenegrin villages are still unfavorable places for living and working, primarily for young people. • City peripheries have not developed into the most favorable places for living as they should have. • Public spaces are neglected and under constant pressure from construction lobbies to transfer them to construction parcels, particularly at the seaside. • There is an evident lack of public services such are kindergartens, schools, and cultural centres. • Open public areas are completely neglected and such areas are fewer in number, while new ones are not planned; there is no reconstruction of recreational spaces such are jogging trails, areas for open exercise and a general network of sport facilities; there is no increase in network of bicycle paths nor is this transport stimulated (only two cities have started to build networks of bicycle paths). • Existing areas in public ownership are not used fully; they are awarded in an untransparent manner, and the construction of new ones, such are cultural centres, science-investigative centres, and non-profit social centres, is completely neglected. • City management is hardly doing anything to support the local private sector to develop, while the state is going out of its way to meet the selected investors without clear proof that it is really in the public interest. Cities are not encouraging the establishment of business zones nor is the economy showing signs of recovery after unsuccessful privatization and the global economic crisis. • Cities are over-planned and are expanding in an uncontrolled manner devastating peripheral zones. • Cities develop spontaneously, without recognition and preservation of the authentic character of each city and there is no vision of its relations with neighboring cities or to the context of the whole of Montenegro. Even though the quality of construction has improved we can’t be satisfied with the following: • The level of respect of inherited context (example of demolition of the Hotel “Crna Gora”; actual extremely unacceptable attack on exceptional architectural object – Hotel “Podgorica”) • There is practically no use of ecological material for construction, such are cane and recycled material for thermal-isolation of an object, as well as the use of biological treatment plants for waste water treatment. • Objects are still not energy efficient to a satisfactory level; good practices such are green roofs and use of solar collectors are not used or not used to a great extent. 67
10 YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE - INSIGHT VIEW Expectations 10 years ago Reality in 2016 Corruption in society, hence in the planning process will be reduced to a possible extent and spatial planning will serve the public rather than private interests. Cultural heritage and landscape protection will become core components of spatial development. Corruption in construction is every day taking an increasing toll through: • Building objects in completely inappropriate places, often outside out the construction area. • Citizens' opinions are usually ignored in decision-making processes regarding plans, rather the planning is executed in accordance with the wishes of investors, at all costs. • Discovering illegal actions of individual functionaries are mostly in connection with the machinations in the construction sector, and the general impression is that we are nowhere near revealing all who deserve to be prosecuted. • A large number of problematic locations are linked to the names of individuals affiliated to authorities, and it is apparent that the system is put into the service of their construction appetites. • Although the space of Montenegro, especially on the coast, is already largely spent, that does not prevent the various "investors" from raising its facilities now in height, creating structures of inappropriate size for the landscape in which they are based. The worst examples are in Petrovac and Budva. Cultural heritage has been completely neglected and it is considered more as a burden than as a resource. Institutions for protection of cultural heritage are weakened and without enough authority and capacity to defend it from extensive urbanization. Landscape protection is not even considered yet as an important aspect of preserving the spatial value. Photo: www.booking.me Illegal construction jeopardized national park During 2012, boundaries of the national part Durmitor were moved for 1.199 hectares. Decision on this matter was made due to years long illegal constructing, which devastated exit area from Žabljak. 68
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Table of contents INTRODUCTION ....
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Introduction Dear Madam/Sir, This p
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SLUČAJEVI IZ PRAKSE THE COUNTRY: H
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THE COUNTRY: HUMAN RIGHTS Responsib
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