NAMS 2002 Workshop - ICOM 2008

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Membrane Modeling III - Process Simulations – 1 – Keynote Wednesday July 16, 9:30 AM-10:15 AM, O’ahu/Waialua Biopolymer Transport in Ultrafiltration: Role of Molecular Flexibility A. Zydney (Speaker), The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA - zydney@engr.psu.edu J. Molek, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA D. Latulippe, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA Ultrafiltration is used extensively for the purification and concentration of a wide range of biomolecules including natural proteins, enzymes, diagnostic antibodies, and therapeutic proteins. These proteins typically have a dense hydrophobic core, giving them a highly globular structure with relatively little molecular flexibility. Consequently, the transport characteristics of these biomolecules are traditionally described using a hard sphere analysis accounting for the steric, hydrodynamic, and long-range (electrostatic) interactions in the membrane pores. In contrast, polymer transport in membrane systems has typically been described using models that account for the flow-induced elongation of the flexible polymer chain. There is growing interest in second generation biotherapeutics including PEGylated proteins, in which one or more long polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains are covalently attached to a therapeutic protein, as well as plasmid DNA, with the latter of interest in both gene therapy applications and for DNA-based vaccines. These molecules have more complex, and potentially flexible, morphologies. The objective of this study was to examine the role of molecular flexibility in the transport of these novel biomolecules through semipermeable ultrafiltration membranes. PEGylated alpha-lactalbumin was produced by covalent attachment of an activated polyethylene glycol, having molecular weight of 5, 10, or 20 kDa. A 3.0 kilobase pair plasmid was obtained from Stratagene and prepared by Aldevron. Ultrafiltration experiments were performed in a stirred cell using composite regenerated cellulose membranes provided by Millipore. Biomolecule transmission was evaluated as a function of both filtrate flux and stirring speed to independently control the degree of concentration polarization and flow-induced elongation. Data were analyzed using both hydrodynamic models for hardsphere solutes and flow-induced elongation models for flexible polymers. The extent of plasmid transmission was a very strong function of the filtrate flux, with minimal transmission below a critical value of the flux. This critical flux was in good agreement with theoretical models accounting for the flow-induced plasmid elongation, suggesting that these large plasmids behave as nearly infinitely flexible polymers. In contrast, transmission of the PEGylated proteins at low flux was dominated by hard-sphere interactions, with the polyethylene glycol
increasing the effective size of the biomolecule. However, there was clear evidence for elongation of the PEGylated proteins at high flux, causing the transmission to depend on both the total molecular weight and the number of polyethyleneglycol chains. These results provide the first quantitative demonstration of the importance of biopolymer flexibility on the ultrafiltration characteristics of these important second-generation biotherapeutics.
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ICOM 2008 Oral Presentation Proceed
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Professor Yoram Cohen Professor Joh
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ICOM 2008 Staff: The University of
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ICOM 2008 Workshop Schedule: Saturd
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Monday, July 14 - Afternoon Session
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Tuesday, July 15 - Afternoon Sessio
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8:15AM 8:35AM EMS Barrer Prize (Mau
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Friday, July 18 - Morning Sessions
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Oral Presentation Abstracts Morning
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Gas Separation I - 1 - Keynote Mond
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esulting permeability selectivity o
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chain packing. To ensure a well pha
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Gas Separation I - 5 Monday July 14
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satisfactory way the corresponding
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Drinking and Wastewater Application
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an adjusted water management in the
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prospect for new energy sources as
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oxygen removal to the desired pH. C
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(Cl - , SO4 2- , As(V)) and water t
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[1] R. Lima de Miranda, J. Kruse, K
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Polymeric Membranes I - 4 Monday Ju
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Polymeric Membranes I - 5 Monday Ju
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Biomedical and Biotechnology I - 1
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Acknowledgments The Authors acknowl
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isolation of CD34+ cells was achiev
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membranes were then challenged with
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in crossflow mode operation were in
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hydroxide. For Mg/Ca = 0, the fouli
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improvement of filterability also t
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scale where fouling rates are commo
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observed in two subsequence phenome
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Membrane Modeling I - Fundamental A
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Membrane Modeling I - Fundamental A
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of the impact of the operating para
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Oral Presentation Abstracts Afterno
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Hybrid and Novel Processes I - 2 Mo
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Arora, M.B., J.A. Hestekin, S.W. Sn
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Conclusions Reverse electrodialysis
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energy recovery. This is a remarkab
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eaction with mediator due to the co
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Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis
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4.3x10 -6 to 7.4x10 -6 cm 2 /s. Bas
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The development of these membranes
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permeability, defined as water perm
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supports including charged (PSF/SPE
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[4] L. M. Robeson, Journal of Membr
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y conventional polymers and provide
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[3] P.M. Budd, K.J. Msayib, C.E. Ta
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Nanostructured Membranes I - 5 Mond
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Fuel Cells I - 1 Monday July 14, 2:
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investigated at first. As a result,
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Desalination I - 2 Monday July 14,
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Composite Polymeric Membrane Format
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NAMS Alan S. Michaels Award - 1a Tu
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NAMS Alan S. Michaels Award - 2 Tue
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opportunities for improving membran
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NAMS Alan S. Michaels Award - 4b Tu
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[4] K. Vanherck et al. Accepted for
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accumulation had a strong effect on
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and, if so, to develop correlations
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non-porous and porous membranes are
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[2] Palmeri, J., Sandeaux, R. Sande
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fouling. Information obtained from
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This work performed under the auspi
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etween Ru(bi-pyridine)3 2+ and meth
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[1] M. Barboiu, C. Luca, C. Guizard
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Nanostructured Membranes II - 5 Tue
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Nanostructured Membranes II - 6 Tue
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than 10 nm. XRD data suggest that t
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Pervaporation and Vapor Permeation
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ethanol/butanol (non solvent) combi
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forward osmosis, the RO process is
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Osmotically Driven Membrane Process
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References: [1] Stupp, S. I.; Lebon
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temperatures might bring about the
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References [1] S. Benita, Microenca
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solvent, were investigated (where a
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ease of manipulation as this allows
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Horizontal shrinkage does not have
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Absorption of water was determined
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Gas Separation II - 1 - Keynote Tue
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Gas Separation II - 2 Tuesday July
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concentration. These results are co
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Gas Separation II - 5 Tuesday July
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will be shown that homogeneous film
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which can adsorb on the surface of
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were collected, the viable bacteria
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pressure, and permporosimetry with
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Inorganic Membranes I - 3 Tuesday J
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Membrane Fouling - UF & Water Treat
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Membrane Modeling II - Gas Separati
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Page 257 and 258: Membrane Modeling II - Gas Separati
Page 259 and 260: [10] Wang BG, Lv HL, Yang JC. Chem
Page 261 and 262: Membrane and Surface Modification I
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Page 269 and 270: Gas Separation III - 1 - Keynote We
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Page 313 and 314: Membrane Modeling III - Process Sim
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Page 317 and 318: models developed suggests that ther
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Page 347 and 348: therapy options have been modelled
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Ultra- and Microfiltration II - Pro
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Ultra- and Microfiltration II - Pro
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in the vicinity of the rising bubbl
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of feed water ionic strength) on re
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technology that has gained growing
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Optimize polymeric membranes for sa
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Inorganic Membranes II - 2 Thursday
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confirms that the carbon dioxide pe
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permeability, stability issues comp
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Fuel Cells II - 2 Thursday July 17,
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5. Conclusion In this work, the evo
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Oral Presentation Abstracts Afterno
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an essentially pure H2 product is c
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In the presentation, we will presen
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was observed, indicative of the sim
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References Arora, M.B., J.A. Hestek
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performance of fibers is analyzed a
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Membrane Fouling III - RO & Biofoul
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[4] H. Noureddini, Book of Abstract
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component (PX, OX) separation via p
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Generally these results were in goo
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introduction of methyl groups into
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separation quality (10 µS/cm) and
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Desalination II - 3 Thursday July 1
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drop are linearly related (although
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antiscalant oxidation has been limi
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Membrane and Surface Modification I
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oth 15±5 kDa, which suggests that
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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and
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y single gas permeation experiments
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PDMS toplayers were only partially
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noting that cross-linking agents co
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such extended parameter space in th
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Hybrid Membranes - 6 Thursday July
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Plenary Lecture III Friday July 18.
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Gas Separation V - 1 - Keynote Frid
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References: [1] H. Lin, E. Van Wagn
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elative contributions of Fickian di
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Gas Separation V - 4 Friday July 18
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Gas Separation V - 6 Friday July 18
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Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyses
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- Hybrid RO train: A hybrid RO trai
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concentration as well as on the sod
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scaling deposits in the DCMD device
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Silica colloidal solution with diff
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Membrane Fouling IV - RO & Desalina
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Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) UF membrane
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the polymer dope was PEI (12 wt%),
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Inorganic Membranes III - 1 - Keyno
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Inorganic Membranes III - 2 Friday
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CO2/H2 selectivity at high temperat
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ammonia complexes in aqueous soluti
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possible to have a membrane capable
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fired boiler flue gas, SOx and merc
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EPR/Ago/p-benzoquinone composite sh
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elated to the presence of free elec
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surroundings. When the temperature
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that no absorbent was detected in t
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days of filtration from 120 to 7-10
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was performed to restore membrane f
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with the SRT of 65 days, no correla
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Results Critical flux measurements
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MLSS is not directly proportional t
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Fuel Cells III - 2 Friday July 18,
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Fuel Cells III - 4 Friday July 18,
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Ultra- and Microfiltration III - Me
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can be deduced from the imaginary p
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membranes. The analysis of the ligh
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Membrane Contactors - 2 Friday July
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absorption liquid in the pores of t
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Packaging and Barrier Materials - 1
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Historically, all the approaches de
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