NAMS 2002 Workshop - ICOM 2008

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Hybrid and Novel Processes I – 3 Monday July 14, 3:30 PM-4:00 PM, Kaua’i Membrane Separation Techniques in the Continuous Fermentation and Separation of Butanol J. Du (Speaker), University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA R. Beitle, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA E. Clausen, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA J. Carrier, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA J. Hestekin, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA, jhesteki@uark.edu Butanol is an excellent substitution of gasoline, which can use in the interior combustion engine without any modification of engine. About 50 years ago, the acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation process, employing bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum to convert biomass to butanol, was the most popular way to produce butanol. But this process has some drawbacks in that many bi-products are produced. Besides butanol, the fermentation also produces acetic, butyric and lactic acids when fermentation passes through acidogenesis phase.. In this project, we propose a continuous two stage fermentation/membrane separation system that is based on the work of Ramey (1998) where two organisms, Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium tyrobutyricum, are used in tandem to produce butyric acid (with lactic and acetic) in the first fermentation and butanol (with acetone and ethanol) in the second fermentation. Ramey (1998) proposed liquid-liquid extraction for product removal, but this process has problems with solvent entrainment and selectivity. We are working to demonstrate that selective removal of butyric acid from the first stage by a novel membrane technique that will produce higher yields and productivity than current technology. The technology that we are exploring for this separation is electrodeionization (EDI) which is connected to a continuous fermentation with cell recycle of the Clostridium tyrobutyricum. EDI is a technology that has been used for pure water purification, but is relatively unexplored in product separation, especially selective removal of ions. Early results show that EDI is more selective than electrodialysis (>2X increased selectivity of butyrate over lactate as compared to ED) and can operate to a lower concentration (Arora et al., 2007), thus making the whole process more attractive. We will demonstrate the first continuous production of butyric acid by Clostridium tyrobutyricum with EDI product separation and show the effects of reduced inhibition, substrate recycling, and media recycling. We will also demonstrate a comprehensive model on the EDI fermentation process. References
Arora, M.B., J.A. Hestekin, S.W. Snyder, E.J. St. Martin, M.I. Donnelly, C. Sanville-Millard and Y.J. Lin, ‘The Separative Bioreactor: A Continuous Separation Process for the Simultaneous Production and Direct Capture of Organic Acids’, Separation Science Technology, 42, 2519- 2538, 2007. Ramey, D.E., ‘Continuous, Two Stage, Dual Path Anaerobic Fermentation of Butanol and Other Organic Solvents Using Two Different Strains of Bacteria’, U.S. Patent 5,753,474, May 19, 1998.
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ICOM 2008 Oral Presentation Proceed
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Professor Yoram Cohen Professor Joh
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ICOM 2008 Staff: The University of
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ICOM 2008 Workshop Schedule: Saturd
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Monday, July 14 - Afternoon Session
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Tuesday, July 15 - Afternoon Sessio
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8:15AM 8:35AM EMS Barrer Prize (Mau
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Friday, July 18 - Morning Sessions
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Oral Presentation Abstracts Morning
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Gas Separation I - 1 - Keynote Mond
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esulting permeability selectivity o
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chain packing. To ensure a well pha
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Gas Separation I - 5 Monday July 14
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satisfactory way the corresponding
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Page 53 and 54: Acknowledgments The Authors acknowl
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Composite Polymeric Membrane Format
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Composite Polymeric Membrane Format
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NAMS Alan S. Michaels Award - 1a Tu
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NAMS Alan S. Michaels Award - 2 Tue
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opportunities for improving membran
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NAMS Alan S. Michaels Award - 4b Tu
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Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis
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[4] K. Vanherck et al. Accepted for
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accumulation had a strong effect on
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and, if so, to develop correlations
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non-porous and porous membranes are
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[2] Palmeri, J., Sandeaux, R. Sande
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fouling. Information obtained from
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This work performed under the auspi
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etween Ru(bi-pyridine)3 2+ and meth
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[1] M. Barboiu, C. Luca, C. Guizard
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Nanostructured Membranes II - 5 Tue
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Nanostructured Membranes II - 6 Tue
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than 10 nm. XRD data suggest that t
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Pervaporation and Vapor Permeation
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ethanol/butanol (non solvent) combi
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forward osmosis, the RO process is
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Osmotically Driven Membrane Process
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References: [1] Stupp, S. I.; Lebon
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temperatures might bring about the
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References [1] S. Benita, Microenca
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solvent, were investigated (where a
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ease of manipulation as this allows
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Horizontal shrinkage does not have
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Absorption of water was determined
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Gas Separation II - 1 - Keynote Tue
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Gas Separation II - 2 Tuesday July
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concentration. These results are co
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Gas Separation II - 5 Tuesday July
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will be shown that homogeneous film
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which can adsorb on the surface of
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Drinking and Wastewater Application
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were collected, the viable bacteria
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pressure, and permporosimetry with
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Inorganic Membranes I - 3 Tuesday J
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Membrane Fouling - UF & Water Treat
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Membrane Modeling II - Gas Separati
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[10] Wang BG, Lv HL, Yang JC. Chem
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Membrane and Surface Modification I
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Gas Separation III - 1 - Keynote We
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Gas Separation III - 2 Wednesday Ju
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separation was next blended with di
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Polymeric Membranes II - 1 - Keynot
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Polymeric Membranes II - 3 Wednesda
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5. Erdodi, G.; Kennedy, J. P.; Prog
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observed for different locations in
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Biomedical and Biotechnology II - 3
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applied in the first two fields wil
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distribution of SBMA units within t
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5500 ppm (15 mM) was lowered to 30
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increasing the effective size of th
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etween 0 and 1), the automatic feed
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Membrane Modeling III - Process Sim
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Membrane Modeling III - Process Sim
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models developed suggests that ther
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start level has a huge impact on th
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Ultra- and Microfiltration I - Tran
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all three binary protein UF systems
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Synthetic solutions of ±-lactalbum
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Gas Separation IV - 2 Thursday July
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6. T. C. Merkel, Z. He, I. Pinnau,
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EMS Barrer Prize - 1b Thursday July
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EMS Barrer Prize - 3 Thursday July
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EMS Barrer Prize - 4b Thursday July
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EMS Barrer Prize - 5 Thursday July
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therapy options have been modelled
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Ultra- and Microfiltration II - Pro
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in the vicinity of the rising bubbl
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of feed water ionic strength) on re
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technology that has gained growing
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Optimize polymeric membranes for sa
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Inorganic Membranes II - 2 Thursday
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confirms that the carbon dioxide pe
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permeability, stability issues comp
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Fuel Cells II - 2 Thursday July 17,
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5. Conclusion In this work, the evo
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Oral Presentation Abstracts Afterno
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an essentially pure H2 product is c
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In the presentation, we will presen
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was observed, indicative of the sim
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References Arora, M.B., J.A. Hestek
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performance of fibers is analyzed a
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Membrane Fouling III - RO & Biofoul
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[4] H. Noureddini, Book of Abstract
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component (PX, OX) separation via p
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Generally these results were in goo
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introduction of methyl groups into
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separation quality (10 µS/cm) and
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Desalination II - 3 Thursday July 1
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drop are linearly related (although
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antiscalant oxidation has been limi
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oth 15±5 kDa, which suggests that
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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and
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y single gas permeation experiments
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PDMS toplayers were only partially
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noting that cross-linking agents co
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such extended parameter space in th
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Hybrid Membranes - 6 Thursday July
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Plenary Lecture III Friday July 18.
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Gas Separation V - 1 - Keynote Frid
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References: [1] H. Lin, E. Van Wagn
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elative contributions of Fickian di
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Gas Separation V - 4 Friday July 18
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Gas Separation V - 6 Friday July 18
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Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyses
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- Hybrid RO train: A hybrid RO trai
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concentration as well as on the sod
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scaling deposits in the DCMD device
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Silica colloidal solution with diff
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Membrane Fouling IV - RO & Desalina
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Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) UF membrane
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the polymer dope was PEI (12 wt%),
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Inorganic Membranes III - 1 - Keyno
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Inorganic Membranes III - 2 Friday
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CO2/H2 selectivity at high temperat
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ammonia complexes in aqueous soluti
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possible to have a membrane capable
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fired boiler flue gas, SOx and merc
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EPR/Ago/p-benzoquinone composite sh
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elated to the presence of free elec
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surroundings. When the temperature
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that no absorbent was detected in t
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days of filtration from 120 to 7-10
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was performed to restore membrane f
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with the SRT of 65 days, no correla
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Results Critical flux measurements
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MLSS is not directly proportional t
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Fuel Cells III - 2 Friday July 18,
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Fuel Cells III - 4 Friday July 18,
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Ultra- and Microfiltration III - Me
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can be deduced from the imaginary p
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membranes. The analysis of the ligh
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Membrane Contactors - 2 Friday July
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absorption liquid in the pores of t
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Packaging and Barrier Materials - 1
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Historically, all the approaches de
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