NAMS 2002 Workshop - ICOM 2008

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We have systematically characterized H. pacifica physicochemical properties using light scattering, particle electrophoresis, and contact angle titrations. Membranes are characterized by atomic force microscopy, contact angle titrations, and spectroscopic analyses. We employ direct microscopic observation to visually monitor (in real-time) the deposition rates of bacteria cells onto the membrane surfaces. In addition, we evaluate the strength of bacterial adhesion by simulating membrane cleaning with various rinsing agents. Direct observation experiments are designed to systematically investigate the influence of seawater chemistry on bacterial adhesion, specifically, to identify the potential role of calcium mediated bacterial adhesion. We interpret direct observation data through an interfacial force model with inputs derived from rigorous physicochemical characterization of bacteria cells and membranes.
Membrane Fouling IV - RO & Desalination – 5 Friday July 18, 11:45 AM-12:15 PM, Moloka’i Optical Monitoring and Real-Time Digital Image Analysis of Mineral Scale Formation on RO Membranes M. Kim (Speaker), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA R. Rallo, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalunya, Spain E. Lyster, University of California Los Angeles Y. Cohen, University of California Los Angeles - yoram@ucla.edu Upgrading the water quality of inland brackish water by RO and NF memrmbane processes is often limited in recovery due to the rise in the concentration of sparingly soluble salts in the retentate stream to levels that exceed their solubility limits. As a result, such mineral salts can precipitate in the retentate stream and crystallize on the membrane surface resulting in surface scaling that reduces permeate flux and ultimately damaging the membrane itself. Early detection of membrane surface scaling and fouling is necessary for timely initiation of fouling/scale mitigation steps. Present traditional measures of process performance trends (primarily flux decline and salt passage) are used as indirect indicators of the occurrence mineral scaling and fouling. Although numerous methods of scale and fouling detection have been proposed, it is only recently that real-time early detection of the onset of scale formation has become possible. Direct visual observations and detection of mineral scale on RO/NF membranes under high pressure have been made possible with an ex-situ scale observation detector (EXSOD) along with digital image analysis. The EXSOD system is an optically transparent high-pressure flat sheet membrane cell that allows real-time digital imaging of the membrane surface under RO process conditions. The EXSOD can be operated as a stand- alone laboratory RO system or connected to an RO/NF plant such that the EXSOD receives a side- stream from a tail element of the RO/NF plant and thus enable early detection of mineral scale. In its stand-alone mode, the EXSOD system was recently redesigned to enable real- time measurements of the kinetics of surface crystallization of mineral salts and assessment of the efficiency of scale mitigation strategies. In order to utilize the above approach, efficient on-line image analysis software was developed assisted with neural networks algorithms to enhance image analysis by providing image family groups to increase the accuracy of single crystal analysis, surface area covered by scale and shape and thus crystal type identification. Using the present approach, real-time evolution of surface scaling was evaluated for RO/NF scaling by calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate. Direct information on surface nucleation by mineral salt crystals and the rate of single crystal growth was determined over a range of operating conditions and different antiscalants, generating, for the first time, direct fundamental data on the kinetics of surface mineral salt crystallization on RO/NF membranes. These
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ICOM 2008 Oral Presentation Proceed
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Professor Yoram Cohen Professor Joh
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ICOM 2008 Staff: The University of
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ICOM 2008 Workshop Schedule: Saturd
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Monday, July 14 - Afternoon Session
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Tuesday, July 15 - Afternoon Sessio
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8:15AM 8:35AM EMS Barrer Prize (Mau
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Friday, July 18 - Morning Sessions
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Oral Presentation Abstracts Morning
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Gas Separation I - 1 - Keynote Mond
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esulting permeability selectivity o
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chain packing. To ensure a well pha
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Gas Separation I - 5 Monday July 14
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satisfactory way the corresponding
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Drinking and Wastewater Application
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an adjusted water management in the
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prospect for new energy sources as
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oxygen removal to the desired pH. C
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(Cl - , SO4 2- , As(V)) and water t
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[1] R. Lima de Miranda, J. Kruse, K
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Polymeric Membranes I - 4 Monday Ju
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Polymeric Membranes I - 5 Monday Ju
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Biomedical and Biotechnology I - 1
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Acknowledgments The Authors acknowl
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isolation of CD34+ cells was achiev
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membranes were then challenged with
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in crossflow mode operation were in
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hydroxide. For Mg/Ca = 0, the fouli
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improvement of filterability also t
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scale where fouling rates are commo
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observed in two subsequence phenome
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Membrane Modeling I - Fundamental A
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Membrane Modeling I - Fundamental A
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of the impact of the operating para
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Oral Presentation Abstracts Afterno
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Hybrid and Novel Processes I - 2 Mo
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Arora, M.B., J.A. Hestekin, S.W. Sn
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Conclusions Reverse electrodialysis
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energy recovery. This is a remarkab
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eaction with mediator due to the co
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Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis
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4.3x10 -6 to 7.4x10 -6 cm 2 /s. Bas
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The development of these membranes
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permeability, defined as water perm
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supports including charged (PSF/SPE
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[4] L. M. Robeson, Journal of Membr
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y conventional polymers and provide
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[3] P.M. Budd, K.J. Msayib, C.E. Ta
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Nanostructured Membranes I - 5 Mond
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Fuel Cells I - 1 Monday July 14, 2:
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investigated at first. As a result,
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Desalination I - 2 Monday July 14,
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Composite Polymeric Membrane Format
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NAMS Alan S. Michaels Award - 1a Tu
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NAMS Alan S. Michaels Award - 2 Tue
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opportunities for improving membran
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NAMS Alan S. Michaels Award - 4b Tu
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[4] K. Vanherck et al. Accepted for
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accumulation had a strong effect on
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and, if so, to develop correlations
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non-porous and porous membranes are
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[2] Palmeri, J., Sandeaux, R. Sande
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fouling. Information obtained from
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This work performed under the auspi
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etween Ru(bi-pyridine)3 2+ and meth
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[1] M. Barboiu, C. Luca, C. Guizard
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Nanostructured Membranes II - 5 Tue
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Nanostructured Membranes II - 6 Tue
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than 10 nm. XRD data suggest that t
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Pervaporation and Vapor Permeation
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ethanol/butanol (non solvent) combi
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forward osmosis, the RO process is
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Osmotically Driven Membrane Process
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References: [1] Stupp, S. I.; Lebon
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temperatures might bring about the
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References [1] S. Benita, Microenca
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solvent, were investigated (where a
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ease of manipulation as this allows
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Horizontal shrinkage does not have
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Absorption of water was determined
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Gas Separation II - 1 - Keynote Tue
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Gas Separation II - 2 Tuesday July
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concentration. These results are co
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Gas Separation II - 5 Tuesday July
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will be shown that homogeneous film
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which can adsorb on the surface of
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were collected, the viable bacteria
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pressure, and permporosimetry with
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Inorganic Membranes I - 3 Tuesday J
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Membrane Fouling - UF & Water Treat
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Membrane Modeling II - Gas Separati
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[10] Wang BG, Lv HL, Yang JC. Chem
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Membrane and Surface Modification I
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Gas Separation III - 1 - Keynote We
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Gas Separation III - 2 Wednesday Ju
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separation was next blended with di
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Polymeric Membranes II - 1 - Keynot
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Polymeric Membranes II - 3 Wednesda
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5. Erdodi, G.; Kennedy, J. P.; Prog
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observed for different locations in
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Biomedical and Biotechnology II - 3
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applied in the first two fields wil
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distribution of SBMA units within t
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5500 ppm (15 mM) was lowered to 30
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increasing the effective size of th
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etween 0 and 1), the automatic feed
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Membrane Modeling III - Process Sim
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Membrane Modeling III - Process Sim
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models developed suggests that ther
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start level has a huge impact on th
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Ultra- and Microfiltration I - Tran
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all three binary protein UF systems
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Synthetic solutions of ±-lactalbum
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Gas Separation IV - 2 Thursday July
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6. T. C. Merkel, Z. He, I. Pinnau,
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EMS Barrer Prize - 1b Thursday July
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EMS Barrer Prize - 3 Thursday July
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EMS Barrer Prize - 4b Thursday July
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EMS Barrer Prize - 5 Thursday July
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therapy options have been modelled
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Ultra- and Microfiltration II - Pro
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in the vicinity of the rising bubbl
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of feed water ionic strength) on re
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technology that has gained growing
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Optimize polymeric membranes for sa
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Inorganic Membranes II - 2 Thursday
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confirms that the carbon dioxide pe
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permeability, stability issues comp
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Fuel Cells II - 2 Thursday July 17,
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5. Conclusion In this work, the evo
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Oral Presentation Abstracts Afterno
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an essentially pure H2 product is c
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In the presentation, we will presen
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was observed, indicative of the sim
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References Arora, M.B., J.A. Hestek
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performance of fibers is analyzed a
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Membrane Fouling III - RO & Biofoul
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[4] H. Noureddini, Book of Abstract
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component (PX, OX) separation via p
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Generally these results were in goo
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introduction of methyl groups into
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separation quality (10 µS/cm) and
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Desalination II - 3 Thursday July 1
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Page 473 and 474: Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyses
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Results Critical flux measurements
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MLSS is not directly proportional t
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Fuel Cells III - 2 Friday July 18,
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Fuel Cells III - 4 Friday July 18,
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Ultra- and Microfiltration III - Me
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can be deduced from the imaginary p
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membranes. The analysis of the ligh
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Membrane Contactors - 2 Friday July
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absorption liquid in the pores of t
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Packaging and Barrier Materials - 1
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Historically, all the approaches de
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