URBANIZATION AND INDUSTRIALIZATION

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Table 5.1
Basic statistics on the 11 case study countries
ECONOMIC REPORT ON AFRICA 2017
CAMEROON
REPUBLIC
OF CONGO
CÔTE D’IVOIRE
ETHIOPIA
Population (millions) 23.3 4.6 22.7 99.4 24.2 34.4 28.0 182.2 11.6 55.0 40.2
Urbanization
(% of total population)
MADAGASCAR
MOROCCO
54.4 65.4 54.2 19.5 35.1 60.2 32.2 47.8 28.8 64.8 33.8
MOZAMBIQUE
NIGERIA
RWANDA
SOUTH AFRICA
SUDAN
Urban population
growth rate
(10-year average)
Share of urban
population in
largest city (%)
3.7 3.5 3.7 4.8 4.8 2.1 3.5 4.7 6.6 2.4 2.6
24.1 62.5 39.5 16.7 30.7 17.0 13.2 15.1 37.6 26.4 37.7
GDP per capita ($) 1,251 1,851 1,399 619 412 2,872 525 2,640 697 5,692 2,089
Industry value added
(% of GDP)
Industry value added
growth rate
(10-year average)
Employment in industry
(%, last year available)
27.8 54.7 21.5 16.3 18.1 29.3a 20.1 20.4 14.2 28.7 20.5
2.4 2.5c 1.8 14.8 5.9 3.1 6.3 2.3 9.3 1.1 2.4
9.1 20.6 NA 7.4 7.9 21.4 3.4 8.5 6.7 23.5 15.3
Natural resource rents
(% of GDP, 2014)
9.9 48.2 7.3 12.7 10.9 2.7 13.6 12.5 6.1 7.6 6.4
Manufacturing value
added (% of GDP)
13.4 7.3 12.5 4.1 14.4b 18.2 9.7 9.5 4.8 13.0 7.8
Services value added
(% of GDP)
48.2 38.1 55.5 42.8 57.8 57.7 54.4 58.8 47.5 68.9 50.9
Source: World Development Indicators.
Note: Darker cells = higher values in the series. a 2014; b 2008; c Seven-year average. All other data for 2015 (or 2006–2015 for 10-year
average) unless otherwise specified.
each country and its position on the urbanization–
industrialization spectrum—is to consider their
position in exports and economic diversification.
Countries fall into four basic groups with similar
development challenges: pre-transition countries,
transition countries, diversified economies and
natural resource exporters (figure 5.1). 2
Pre-transition countries (such as Ethiopia) have an
opportunity to set a trajectory for well-planned
development of cities, balanced development of
urban systems and diversified labour-rich industrial
target sectors. They also face challenges of limited
public resources, low capacities (particularly outside
primary cities) and low levels of infrastructure.