MAXIMIZING POSITIVE SYNERGIES - World Health Organization

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HRH Intervention Categories PEPFAR I: Country Level Documents DIRECT PROVIDERS INDIRECT Clinical Non-Clinical All EDUCATION Pre-service education X52 X53 X54 In-service education X X X Producing different types of health workers X X X General Workforce Capacity Strengthening FINANCIAL INCENTIVES Salary payment Top-ups X X X Rural allowances X Pay for performance X X X General Recruitment Support MANAGEMENT X X X General infrastructure improvements X X X Training of health managers X X Support for continuous professional development, career paths X Source: GWU Analysis of GHI Country Applications and Documents, Spring 2009. 52 The United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (2008). Ethiopia Fiscal Year 2008 Country Operational Plan. Information retrieved on April 22, 2009 from: http://www.pepfar.gov/about/opplan08/102020.htm Mozambique Fiscal Year 2008 Country Operational Plan. Information retrieved on April 22, 2009 from: http://www.pepfar.gov/about/opplan08/102016.htm http://www.pepfar.gov/documents/organization/113012.pdf Kenya Fiscal Year 2008 Country Operational Plan. Information retrieved on April 22, 2009 from: http://www.pepfar.gov/documents/organization/113012.pdf 53 The United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (2008). Cambodia Fiscal Year 2008 Country Operational Plan. Information retrieved on April 22, 2009 from: http://www.pepfar.gov/documents/organization/112995.pdf 54 The United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (2008). Ethiopia Fiscal Year 2008 Country Operational Plan. Information retrieved on April 22, 2009 from: http://www.pepfar.gov/about/opplan08/102020.htm 234
References * GWU Departments of Health Policy and Epidemiology & Biostatistics [1] World Bank, IDA at work: HIV/AIDS – Supporting Effective Prevention, Treatment and Care, June 2008. [2] GAVI (http://www.gavialliance.org/support/who/index.php; accessed 19 February 2009). [3] Center for Global Development, Following the Funding for HIV/AIDS – A Comparative Analysis of the Funding Practices of PEPFAR, the Global Fund and World Bank MAP in Mozambique, Uganda and Zambia October 2007 [4] The Global Fund (http://www.theglobalfund.org/en/how/?lang=en; accessed 16 March 2009). [5] The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria Terms of Reference of the Technical Review Panel. As amended at the Seventeenth Board Meeting, 28-29 April 2008 (GF/B17/DP5) [6] The Global Fund (http://theglobalfund.org/en/eligibility/?lang=en; accessed 19 February 2009). [7] The World Bank (www.worldbank.org; accessed 19 February 2009). [8] World Bank, IDA (International Development Association) at work: HIV/AIDS – Supporting Effective Prevention, Treatment and Care, June 2008. [9] The U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (http://www.pepfar.gov/press/80064.htm; accessed 19 February 2009) [10] HR 5501, Pub L 110-293 [11] Office of the US Global AIDS Coordinator (OGAC). The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief General Policy Guidance for All Bilateral Programs [FINAL] October 2005 [12] Center for Global Development. (2008). Seizing the Opportunity on AIDS and Health Systems (http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/16459; accessed 19 February 2009). 235
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Table of Contents Key Acronyms Intr
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Policy analysis of the impact of Gl
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OIs Opportunistic infections OVC Or
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core section of the document then p
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Figure 1: Analytic framework for MP
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studies. MPS researchers have linke
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Burundi: Building a health system t
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at between US$ 14.5 and US$ 18.5 pe
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collaborations with European school
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epresent only US$ 1.75 per month pe
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Service Delivery The decentralizati
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Long term HSS will require governme
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Cameroon: Evaluation of the Nationa
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Table 1 Basic Socioeconomic, Demogr
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of treatment interruptions (>two da
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side effects) were associated with
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Prevention behaviours Nearly half (
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References [1] The World Bank Group
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Out-of-pocket payments account for
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as well as the number of community
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Table 1: Characteristics of facilit
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Table 4: Estimated changes in human
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Central African Republic: Impact of
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Objectives and Methodology In this
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Financing There was a general appre
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NGOs and Civil Society The overall
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Discussion Interviews with key info
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China: The Impact of the Global Fun
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Table 2 Global Health Initiative In
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In Yunnan and Henan, the epidemic i
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funded only from the MOH Pilot Prog
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References [1] China at a glance. W
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1994, private spending and emergenc
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understanding of their roles and re
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References [1] Human Development Re
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In 2003, the government launched th
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Objectives and Methodology The data
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Health Workforce Ghana is challenge
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Discussion GHIs are critical for ra
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Haiti: Maximizing Positive Synergie
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Table 1 Basic Socioeconomic, Demogr
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with need. With GHI funding, distri
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I know that within [the organizatio
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Much of the initial enthusiasm abou
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services, or for measures of qualit
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funds and more funding focused on i
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INDIA: Exploring how disease-specif
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PEPFAR* Year Amount Disbursed (in U
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Primary data collection - facility
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The Global Fund has strengthened th
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Background The Republic of Kenya li
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Results Leadership and Governance D
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Informants noted that a general lac
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time periods. Informants believed t
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A comprehensive, long-term reform o
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The effects of GHIs on the capacity
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their budget was comprised of Globa
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Quality of services The majority of
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References [1] Kyrgyzstan at a glan
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Commission (NAC) in 2001 as a multi
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Objectives and methodology The main
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Discussion The findings of the Mala
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Pakistan: The impact of the Global
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international standards. The Under
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the US Centers for Disease Control
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Some negative effects are also attr
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to country health systems by way of
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Peru: Effects of the Implementation
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HIV/AIDS, mainly around the Compreh
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without substantial emphasis on pre
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Rwanda: The Impact of Global Health
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Rwanda was US$ 584.9 million in 200
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International Health Partnership, t
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PEPFAR’s funding practices were l
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medical staff to higher-paying admi
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system (CPDS), in which many stakeh
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needing medical transport. Both GHI
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Some informants felt that local NGO
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Senegal: The effects of Global Heal
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Table 1: Basic Health System and Ep
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case study. Data analysis was condu
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of respondents aware of treated net
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South Africa: The effects of Global
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of South Africa (GHI2, ND6). 26 Don
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NDOH to disburse external funds in
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The lack of effective monitoring an
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Despite these problems, GHI funding
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[19] The Global Fund for Aids Tuber
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Official Development Assistance (OD
Page 190 and 191: The study employed both purposive s
Page 192 and 193: Figure 1: Number of Clinicians at S
Page 194 and 195: There were very significant increas
Page 196 and 197: GHIs created an opportunity to cond
Page 198 and 199: Ukraine: Effects of the Global Fund
Page 200 and 201: GAVI (in US$) Disease Priority Amou
Page 202 and 203: government and nongovernmental prov
Page 204 and 205: • The introduction of new service
Page 206 and 207: References [1] Data are from the Mi
Page 208 and 209: The health system struggles with a
Page 210 and 211: Objectives and Methodology This stu
Page 212 and 213: Nonetheless, efforts to recruit and
Page 214 and 215: References [1] The World Bank Group
Page 216 and 217: average annual population growth of
Page 218 and 219: 2006 149,022,153 2007 216,012,780 2
Page 220 and 221: isks duplication of services but al
Page 222 and 223: centres have only one qualified hea
Page 224 and 225: Policy analysis of the impact of Gl
Page 226 and 227: countries” [6]. The TRP apply sev
Page 228 and 229: PEPFAR I & II The newest PEPFAR leg
Page 230 and 231: Types of fundable HRH interventions
Page 232 and 233: Global Fund In two country applicat
Page 234 and 235: TABLE 3: Selected Countries: MPS Ca
Page 236 and 237: HRH Intervention Categories GAVI: C
Page 238 and 239: HRH Intervention Categories GLOBAL
Page 242 and 243: Conclusion: Directions for future r
Page 244 and 245: GHIs and health systems. Civil soci
Page 246 and 247: Annex 01: Data sources for tables i
Page 248 and 249: Annex 02: Contributing Institutions
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MAXIMIZING POSITIVE SYNERGIES - World Health Organization

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