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Setting Up 43 FIGURE 2.37 (a) An object illuminated with a ring light. (b) The same object illuminated with a CDI. 2.4.7 DIFFUSE ON AXIS LIGHTS (DOAL) AND COLLIMATED ON AXIS LIGHTS (COAL) DOAL and COAL lights use beam splitter technology to illuminate the object as though the camera is on the same axis as the light source (Figure 2.38). Camera Light Source Beam Splitter Diffuser Object FIGURE 2.38 (a) DOAL schematic. (b) DOAL illuminator. If desired, the light source can seem to be virtually at the same point as the camera. Specular surfaces perpendicular to the camera appear illuminated, while surfaces at an angle to the camera appear darker. Nonspecular surfaces absorb the incident light and appear dark. DOAL illuminators emit diffuse light, whereas COAL illuminators are designed for applications requiring coaxial bright light. The electronic circuit board example in Figure2.39 shows that the contrast achieved from the DOAL setup is much higher than if a ring light was used. This makes pattern recognition and caliper measurement much more reliable in an automated vision application.
44 <strong>Image</strong> Acquisition <strong>Proces</strong>sing with LabVIEW Unfortunately, DOALs often have a low reßected light throughput to the camera, such that you may need to invest in multiple sources to provide sufÞcient detector irradiation. FIGURE 2.39 (a) PCB tracks illuminated with a ring light. (b) Illuminated with a DOAL. 2.4.8 SQUARE CONTINUOUS DIFFUSE ILLUMINATORS (SCDI) SCDI illuminators take the DOAL (described earlier) design to another level, providing signiÞcantly greater uniformity of diffuse illumination (Figure 2.40). Camera Diffuser Beam Splitter Light Source Object (a) (b) FIGURE 2.40 (a) SCDI schematic. (b) SCDI illuminator. SCDIs are particularly suited to moderately faceted and undulating specular surfaces. Common examples of SCDI applications include compact disk artwork veriÞcation and the inspection of solder patterns on circuit boards ( Figure 2.41).
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IMAGE PROCESSING SERIES Series Edit
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Foreword The introduction of LabVIE
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FIGURE 1 Vision 6.1 FIGURE 2 Compan
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Acknowledgments My gratitude goes o
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Dedication To Don “old fella” P
Page 18 and 19: Contents Chapter 1 Image Types and
Page 20 and 21: Chapter 4 Displaying Images........
Page 22 and 23: Chapter 7 Image Analysis...........
Page 24 and 25: 1 Image Types and File Management F
Page 26 and 27: Image Types and File Management 3 F
Page 28 and 29: Image Types and File Management 5 A
Page 30 and 31: Image Types and File Management 7 C
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Page 38 and 39: 2 Setting Up You should never under
Page 40 and 41: Setting Up 17 FIGURE 2.3 (a) Interl
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Page 46 and 47: Setting Up 23 2.1.3.2 Control and I
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Page 56 and 57: Setting Up 33 134 -115 \ Contrast =
Page 58 and 59: Setting Up 35 resolution printer wi
Page 60 and 61: Setting Up 37 C A B C Traditional T
Page 62 and 63: Setting Up 39 Camera Light Source O
Page 64 and 65: Setting Up 41 Camera Light Source (
Page 68: Setting Up 45 FIGURE 2.41 (a) PCB p
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94 Image Acquisition Processing wit
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100 Image Acquisition Processing wi
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6 Morphology When applied to vision
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Morphology 143 I Closed { } = Erode
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Morphology 145 FIGURE 6.3 Simple mo
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Morphology 147 FIGURE 6.5 Custom st
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Morphology 149 FIGURE 6.8 Particle
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Morphology 151 FIGURE 6.12 Fill hol
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Morphology 153 FIGURE 6.17 Danielss
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Morphology 155 Detected circles wit
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Morphology 157 6.5 CASE STUDY: FIND
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Morphology 159 6.6 USER SOLUTION: D
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Morphology 161 ULTRASOUND MACHINE (
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Morphology 163 FIGURE 6.31 The Edit
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8 Machine Vision A generally accept
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Machine Vision 219 TABLE 8.1 “IMA
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Machine Vision 221 TABLE 8.3 Input
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Machine Vision 223 packages, includ
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Machine Vision 225 good sense to ad
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Machine Vision 227 TABLE 8.4 “IMA
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Glossary 1-Bit Image An image compr
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Glossary 231 binary display device
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Glossary 233 spatial Þlters, each
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Glossary 235 Resolution There are t
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