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References Anielski, M. and S. Wilson, 2010. The Real Wealth of the Mackenzie Region: Assessing the Natural Capital Values of a Northern Boreal Ecosystem. Ottawa: Canadian Boreal Initiative. Available at: http://www.borealcanada.ca/documents/ MackenzieReport_2010.pdf. Arthington A.H., R.J. Naiman, M.E. McClain and C. Nilsson, 2010. “Preserving the Biodiversity and Ecological Services of Rivers: New Challenges and Research Opportunities”, Freshwater Biology 55: 1-16. Austin, C. et al., 2007. Healthy Waters, Strong Economy: The Benefits of Restoring the Great Lakes Ecosystem. The Brookings Institution: Great Lakes Economic Initiative. Available at: http://www.brookings.edu/metro/pubs/20070904_ gleiecosystem.pdf. Australian Government, 2010. Water for the Future: Restoring the Balance in the Murray-Darling Basin. Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. Available at: http://www.environment.gov.au/water/publications/mdb/pubs/ restoring-balance.pdf. Balmford, A. et al., 2008. The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Scoping the Science (Final Report). Cambridge: European Commission. Available at: http://uknea.unep-wcmc.org/Portals/0/Documents/Balmford%20et%20al%2008_ Economics%20of%20biodiversity_Scoping%20science%20report.pdf. Boelee, E. (Ed.), 2011. Ecosystems for Water and Food Security. Nairobi: United Nations Environment Programme, and Colombo, International Water Management Institute. Available at: http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/topics/ecosystems/PDF/Synthesis_ Report-An_Ecosystem_Services_Approach_to_Water_and_Food_Security_2011_UNEP-IWMI.pdf. Brisbane Declaration on Environmental Flows, 2007. The Brisbane Declaration. Proclaimed at the 10 th International Riversymposium and International Environmental Flows Conference, Brisbane, Australia, 3-6 September, 2007. Available at: http://www. eflownet.org/download_documents/brisbane-declaration-english.pdf. de Loë, R.C. and H. Bjornlund, 2010. “Governance and the Challenges of Water and Food Security” in Incentives and Instruments for Sustainable Irrigation. Southampton: Wessex Institute of Technology Press, pp. 41-58. Hawken, P., 1993. The Ecology of Commerce. New York: Harper Collins Publishing. Hirji, R., and R. Davis, 2009. Environmental Flows in Water Resources Policies, Plans, and Projects: Findings and Recommendations. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank. Hoekstra, A.Y. et al., 2012. “Global Monthly Water Scarcity: Blue Water Footprints versus Blue Water Availability”, PLoS ONE 7(2). Le Quesne, T., E. Kendy and D. Weston, 2010. The Implementation Challenge: Taking Stock of Government Policies to Protect and Restore Environmental Flows. WWF-UK and The Nature Conservancy. Available at: http://assets.panda.org/downloads/ the_implementation_challenge.pdf. Meybeck, M., 2003. “Global Analysis of River Systems: From Earth System Controls to Anthropocene Controls”, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B 358: 1935-1955. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA), 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Wetlands and Water Synthesis. Washington, D.C.: Island Press. Molden, D. et al., 2007. “Trends in Water and Agricultural Development” in Water for Food, Water for Life: A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. London: Earthscan and Colombo: International Water Management Institute, pp. 57–89. Murray-Darling Basin Authority (MDBA), 2011. The Proposed ‘Environmentally Sustainable Level of Take’ for Surface Water of the Murray-Darling Basin: Methods and Outcomes. Available at: http://download.mdba.gov.au/proposed/ESLT_MDBA_report. pdf/. Poff, N.L., J.D. Allan, M.B. Bain, J.R. Karr, K.L. Prestegaard, B.D. Richter, R.E. Sparks, and J.C. Stromberg, 1997. “The Natural Flow Regime: A Paradigm for River Conservation and Restoration”, BioScience 47: 769-784. Postel, S., 2010. “Water: Adapting to a New Normal” in The Post Carbon Reader: Managing the 21 st Century’s Sustainability Crises. Healdsburg: Watershed Media. Postel S., and S. Carpenter, 1997. “Freshwater Ecosystem Services” in Daily, G.C. (Ed.), Nature’s Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems. Washington, D.C.: Island Press, pp. 195-214. Postel, S. and B. Richter, 2003. Rivers for Life: Managing Water for People and Nature. Washington, D.C.: Island Press. Richter, B.D., 2010. “Re-thinking Environmental Flows: From Allocations and Reserves to Sustainability Boundaries”, River Research and Applications 26: 1052–1063. 32 The Global Water Crisis: Addressing an Urgent Security Issue
Richter, B.D., M.M. Davis, C. Apse and C. Konrad, 2011. “A Presumptive Standard for Environmental Flow Protection”, River Research and Applications. doi: 10.1002/rra.1511. Rockström, J. et al., 2009. “Planetary Boundaries: Exploring the Safe Operating Space for Humanity”, Ecology and Society (14)2: 32. Smakhtin, V. et al., 2004. Taking into Account Environmental Water Requirements in Global-scale Water Resources Assessments. Colombo: International Water Management Institute. Available at: http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Assessment/files/pdf/ publications/ResearchReports/CARR2.pdf. Steffen, W., P.J. Crutzen and J.R. McNeill, 2007. “The Anthropocene: Are Humans Now Overwhelming the Great Forces of Nature?”, Ambio 36: 614-621. Tucker, G. et al., 2010. Valuing and Conserving Ecosystem Services: A Scoping Case Study in the Danube Basin. Institute for European Environmental Police (IEEP) and World Wildlife Fund for Nature. Available at: http://assets.panda.org/downloads/teeb_ danube.pdf. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), 2009. Water Security and Ecosystem Services: The Critical Connection. Nairobi: UNEP. Available at: http://www.unep.org/themes/freshwater/pdf/the_critical_connection.pdf. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), 2010. The Greening of Water Law: Managing Freshwater Resources for People and the Environment. Nairobi: UNEP. Available at: http://www.unep.org/dec/PDF/UNEP_Greening_water_law.pdf. Waughray, D. (Ed.), 2011. Water Security: The Water-Food-Energy-Climate Nexus. World Economic Forum Water Initiative. Washington, D.C.: Island Press. World Bank: The World at a Glance: Key Development Indicators from the World Bank, http://data.worldbank.org/ (accessed 14 February, 2012). World Wildlife Fund for Nature, 2004. Rivers at Risk – Dams and the Future of Freshwater Ecosystems. Available at: http://awsassets. panda.org/downloads/riversatriskfullreport.pdf. World Wildlife Fund for Nature, 2006. Free-flowing Rivers: Economic Luxury or Ecological Necessity? The Netherlands: WWF Global Freshwater Programme. Available at: assets.panda.org/downloads/freeflowingriversreport.pdf. World Wildlife Fund for Nature, 2010. Living Planet Report 2010: Biodiversity, Biocapacity and Development. Gland, Switzerland: WWF, Zoological Society of London and Global Footprint Network. Available at: http://www.panda.org/about_our_earth/ all_publications/living_planet_report/2010_lpr/. Water and Enviromental Security: Supporting Ecosystems and People Part 1 33
Page 1: The Global Water Crisis: Addressing
Page 4 and 5: About the InterAction Council Estab
Page 6 and 7: Acknowledgements
Page 8: Foreword
Page 11 and 12: The undeniable seriousness of the g
Page 13: Foreword xiii
Page 16 and 17: The Global Water Crisis: Framing th
Page 18 and 19: Ethical considerations also need to
Page 20 and 21: 3. Support Ratification of the UN W
Page 23 and 24: 1 Water and Global Security
Page 25 and 26: Introduction Since the serious stat
Page 27 and 28: Jury and Vaux project that the numb
Page 29 and 30: 5. The Potential for Conflict and t
Page 31 and 32: References Cullen, H., 2010. The We
Page 33 and 34: Introduction Water is an integral p
Page 35 and 36: shortage Statewide Regional Local N
Page 37 and 38: summer months. To alleviate the con
Page 39 and 40: References Department of Energy, 20
Page 41 and 42: Introduction Water, economic and en
Page 43 and 44: Economic analyses of ecosystem good
Page 45: • Managing for sustainability. De
Page 49 and 50: Introduction Water is an essential
Page 51 and 52: early post-Cold War period, from a
Page 53 and 54: 2.4. Water, conflicts, and institut
Page 55 and 56: Renaud et al. (2011) proposed a pre
Page 57 and 58: Carius, A., D. Tänzler and A. Maas
Page 59 and 60: Turton, A.R., 2004. “The Evolutio
Page 61 and 62: Introduction In the West Asia and N
Page 63 and 64: 2. Water in the WANA Region 2.1. De
Page 65 and 66: Following on this, during a persona
Page 67 and 68: Below are some suggestions for how
Page 69 and 70: plants through evapo-transpiration)
Page 71 and 72: WANA Forum, 2010b. Toward Supra-nat
Page 73 and 74: Introduction “The trouble with wa
Page 75 and 76: • Upgrading current water infrast
Page 77 and 78: 60,000 ventilation improved pit lat
Page 79 and 80: 5. The Bottom Line It is widely ack
Page 81: The Blue Economy: Risks and Opportu
Page 84 and 85: 2.1 A Human Development Approach to
Page 86 and 87: apparatus assists nation-states in
Page 88 and 89: By ensuring that the international
Page 90 and 91: 2.2 Water and Health Security Ganes
Page 92 and 93: 1.1. Human-induced Pollutants Domes
Page 94 and 95: Table.1. Water pollutants and human
Page 96 and 97:
In many urban and semi-urban areas,
Page 98 and 99:
2.3 Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and
Page 100 and 101:
1. The Impacts of Poor Water, Sanit
Page 102 and 103:
77 64 2015 MDG target Coverage (%)
Page 104 and 105:
3. The Neglect of the WASH Sector a
Page 106 and 107:
References Checkley, W., G. Buckley
Page 108 and 109:
2.4 Water, Food and the Development
Page 110 and 111:
2. Keeping Pace with Change Since t
Page 112 and 113:
one and has yet to attain widesprea
Page 114 and 115:
2.5 Investing in Women’s Particip
Page 116 and 117:
of agriculture resulting mainly fro
Page 118 and 119:
their substantial contribution is p
Page 120 and 121:
Although cultural constraints still
Page 122 and 123:
UNEP, 2009. Water Security and Ecos
Page 124 and 125:
2.6 Water Governance Reform in Afgh
Page 126 and 127:
1.2. The Extreme risk of food secur
Page 128 and 129:
Furthermore, within each basin, lan
Page 130 and 131:
3.2. Early doubts vis-à-vis progre
Page 132 and 133:
transboundary water management conc
Page 135 and 136:
3 Will the Right to Water Alleviate
Page 137 and 138:
Introduction A growing number of ar
Page 139 and 140:
2. Ethical Perspectives on State Ob
Page 141 and 142:
References Barlow, Maude, 2007. Blu
Page 143 and 144:
Introduction It is widely recognize
Page 145 and 146:
Later in 2010, the UN Human Rights
Page 147 and 148:
3.2. Legislative Recognition Dozens
Page 149 and 150:
Mandela, M., 2002. No Water, No Fut
Page 151 and 152:
Introduction South Africans have a
Page 153 and 154:
water per person per day. The appli
Page 155 and 156:
References Bluemel, E. B., 2004.
Page 157 and 158:
Introduction Water conflicts are nu
Page 159 and 160:
4. Water Policies and Their Impact
Page 161 and 162:
y its interconnection to encompass
Page 163 and 164:
Access to Water and Conflict: An In
Page 166 and 167:
Response from the InterAction Counc
Page 168 and 169:
As former U.S. President Mr. Bill C
Page 170 and 171:
The InterAction Council Québec Dec
Page 172:
List of Participants
Page 175 and 176:
List of Participants: 29 th Annual
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