30 Survey of <strong>Palestinian</strong> <strong>Refugee</strong>s <strong>and</strong> Internally Displaced Persons (2006-2007) estimated that <strong>Palestinian</strong> ownership of l<strong>and</strong> in 1947 amounted to 22,374,547 dunums. See Hadawi, Sami, <strong>Palestinian</strong> Rights <strong>and</strong> Losses in 1948. London: Saqi Books, 1988. According to the global identification process completed by the UNCCP in 1951, 16,324,000 dunums of l<strong>and</strong> were determined to be private property owned by <strong>Palestinian</strong>s. An individual evaluation, which was criticized by several experts, identified some 7,069,091 dunums as <strong>Palestinian</strong>-owned l<strong>and</strong>. The UNCCP archives include 453,000 records, amounting to some 1,500,000 holdings. See Progress Report of the United Nations Conciliation Commission <strong>for</strong> Palestine (UNCCP). UN Doc. A/1985, 20 November 1951. Military rule in Israel (1950–1966) Approximately 40% of l<strong>and</strong> owned by <strong>Palestinian</strong>s inside Israel was expropriated as absentee property under the 1950 Absentees’ Property Law. Peretz, Don, Israel <strong>and</strong> the <strong>Palestinian</strong> Arabs. Washington, DC: The Middle East Institute, 1958. As of 1963 <strong>Palestinian</strong>s in villages inside Israel owned 385,993 dunums of private l<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> 472,798 dunums of public l<strong>and</strong>. Calculated from Survey of Arab Agriculture <strong>and</strong> Development Plan A. Nazareth: Ministry of Agriculture, Unit <strong>for</strong> Survey <strong>and</strong> Planning <strong>for</strong> the Minority Villages, The Joint Development Centre, July 1963. It is estimated that as of 1962, Israel had expropriated 704,298 dunums of <strong>Palestinian</strong>-owned l<strong>and</strong> inside Israel. The figure is based on a survey of 79 selected <strong>Palestinian</strong> villages <strong>for</strong> the period 1945–1962. See Jiryis, Sabri, The Arabs in Israel. London: Monthly Review Press, 1976. This includes, <strong>for</strong> example, 1,200 dunums expropriated in 1957 from <strong>Palestinian</strong> l<strong>and</strong>owners of Nazareth <strong>and</strong> surrounding villages to establish the Jewish colony of Upper Nazareth; l<strong>and</strong> expropriated from <strong>Palestinian</strong> villagers of Tashiha <strong>and</strong> Ma’iliya in 1957 <strong>for</strong> the establishment of the Jewish colony of Ma’a lot; <strong>and</strong> 5,100 dunums expropriated from the <strong>Palestinian</strong> villages of Nahaf, Deir al-Asad, Bi’neh, <strong>and</strong> Majd al-Krum in 1964 to establish the Jewish colony of Karmiel. See Abu Hussein, Hussein <strong>and</strong> Fiona McKay, Access Denied: <strong>Palestinian</strong> Access to L<strong>and</strong> in Israel. London: Zed Books, 2003. The 1967 War It is estimated that Israel expropriated 730,000 dunums of West Bank l<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> 119,000 dunums of Gaza l<strong>and</strong> as absentee <strong>and</strong> state l<strong>and</strong> immediately after the 1967 war. Citing L<strong>and</strong> Expropriation, Human Rights Update (PHRIC, Washington, DC), April 1991 <strong>and</strong> “Jewish Settlements in the West Bank <strong>and</strong> Gaza Strip,” Survey of Jewish Affairs (1990) in Bisharat, George E., “L<strong>and</strong>, Law <strong>and</strong> Legitimacy in Israel <strong>and</strong> the Occupied Territory,” The American Law Review 43, 1994. Occupation of the West Bank <strong>and</strong> Gaza Strip (1967–2005) Israel expropriated some 20,103 dunums from <strong>Palestinian</strong>s inside Israel in 1975 to establish 20 new Jewish colonies (settlements) <strong>and</strong> exp<strong>and</strong> existing Jewish cities. Hussein <strong>and</strong> McKay also cite a report in Ha’aretz (13 June 1989) stating that some 60,000 dunums of l<strong>and</strong> in Galilee were classified as ‘state l<strong>and</strong>’ between 1978 <strong>and</strong> 1987 due to settlement of title operations, acquisitions, <strong>and</strong> expropriations. Citing A. Shmueli, “Village Population in the Hilly Upper Galilee 1967–77,” Artzot Hagalil, Tel Aviv: Ministry of Defence, 1983; <strong>and</strong> E. Rekhes, The Arabs in Israel <strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong> Expropriations in the Galilee, Tel Aviv Surveys, University of Tel Aviv, Shiloah Institute, 1977 in Abu Hussein, Hussein <strong>and</strong> Fiona McKay, Access Denied: <strong>Palestinian</strong> Access to L<strong>and</strong> in Israel. London: Zed Books, 2003. Since 1967 Israel has acquired control of 70% of the West Bank, 40% of the Gaza Strip <strong>and</strong> 86.5% of East Jerusalem. Abusway, Khader, Rose-Marie Barbeau <strong>and</strong> Muhammad al-Hasan, Signed, Sealed <strong>and</strong> Delivered: Israeli Settlement <strong>and</strong> the Peace Process. Jerusalem: JMCC, Jerusalem Media <strong>and</strong> Communication <strong>Center</strong>, 1997. By the mid-1980s, Israel had expropriated some 60% of the West Bank. This included: 430,000 dunums as absentee property; 750,000 dunums as ‘state l<strong>and</strong>’; 35,000 dunums requisitioned <strong>for</strong> military purposes; <strong>and</strong>, 1.15 million dunums of l<strong>and</strong> closed <strong>for</strong> military training.Benvenisti, Meron, The West Bank Data Project: A Survey of Israel's Policies. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute, 1984. A 1987 Israeli State Comptroller, Annual Report 37, lists a total of 430 km 2 of <strong>Palestinian</strong> l<strong>and</strong> in the West Bank expropriated by Israel as absentee <strong>and</strong> state property immediately after the 1967 war. L<strong>and</strong> Grab, Israel’s Settlement Policy in the West Bank. Jerusalem: B’tselem, The Israeli In<strong>for</strong>mation <strong>Center</strong> <strong>for</strong> Human Rights in the Occupied Territory, 2002.
From the Nakba to the Present Day – Ongoing Displacement <strong>Palestinian</strong>s inside Israel had lost approximately 70% of their l<strong>and</strong> by 1980 due to expropriation (based on a survey of 18 <strong>Palestinian</strong> villages whose l<strong>and</strong> base decreased from 620,350 dunums in 1947 to 188,930 dunums by 1980). Under the l<strong>and</strong> acquisition law of 1953, 1,250,000 dunums of l<strong>and</strong> were expropriated. Lustick, Ian, Arabs in the Jewish State. University of Texas Press, 1980. “<strong>Palestinian</strong>s that remained [in Israel] lost about 40–60% of the l<strong>and</strong> they possessed.” Citing Kark <strong>and</strong> Golan in Israel: The First Decade of Independence, I. S. Troen <strong>and</strong> N. Lucas (eds.), Syracuse, NY: State University of New York Press, 1995, in Kedar, Alex<strong>and</strong>er, “On the Legal Geography of Ethnocratic Settler States: Notes Towards a Research Agenda,” Current Legal Issues 5, 2002, pp. 401–441. Close to 50,000 dunums have been confiscated <strong>and</strong> about 300,000 dunums are isolated by the Wall. PCBS, “Special Report on the 59 th Anniversary of the Nakba,” <strong>Palestinian</strong> Central Bureau of Statistics, 10 May 2006, p. 6. 31
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Assistance According to LASC Resolu
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Assistance Table 3.1: Main sources
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UNRWA’s relationship with host go
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Assistance Palestinian refugees in
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Assistance 2005, the Syrian governm
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UNRWA Funding Assistance UNRWA’s
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Assistance and equipment in schools
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Table 3.9: Summary of Emergency App
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Assistance 27 Luigi De Martino, “
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Assistance 78 Report of the Commiss
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Protection Chapter Four Israeli sol
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Protection Almost 60 years after th
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Protection While there is no formal
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Protection immediate return of all
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2.2.2 The Right to Restitution Prot
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Protection It is clear from the phr
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Protection of All Forms of Racial D
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Protection Palestinian citizens. Fo
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Palestinian from the West Bank and
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Protection Investigations conducted
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Protection six months, unless they
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Protection Palestinian refugees in
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Protection Palestinian refugees in
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Protection In other countries, Arti
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Protection The UNHCR recognizes 194
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Protection the Rights of the Child
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Protection and Population Registry
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Protection Bank and to those who le
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Protection Right to Work in Lebanon
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Protection 213 UNHCR, 2005 UNHCR St
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Al-’Aqaba, a Palestinian village
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5.1 Refugees/IDPs and Peace Agreeme
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Politics and the Question of Palest
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Politics and the Question of Palest
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Demonstration, London, 9 June 2007
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184 Survey of Palestinian Refugees