NATIONAL REPORT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF ... - IAG Office

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SAR Systems and Technology
Systems and technologies experienced a remarkable
development within the last four years, see (BAMLER et al.
2003). ESA’s current SAR earth observation system ASAR
is placed on ENVISAT, the successor of ERS-1 and ERS-2.
These satellites are the basis for the majority of current
research and application topics. In addition, ALOS /
PALSAR, a Japanese L-Band SAR, was launched in 2006.
The data are currently becoming available to scientists.
At present, further missions are to be realized or planned.
TerraSAR-X, a high resolution civilian SAR satellite is to
be launched in May 2007. The mission is financed and
operated in a public private partnership between DLR and
EADS Astrium. DLR is responsible for the processing and
the scientific exploitation of the data and EADS / Infoterra
holds the rights for commercial use (BUCKREUSS et al. 2003,
STANGL et al. 2006). SAR-Lupe, a German high resolution
military SAR system, consists of 5 satellites. The first
satellite was launched successfully in 2006, more satellites
will follow in and after 2007. Furthermore, ESA studied
an L-Band satellite mission (TerraSAR-L) for the Earth
Watch program. DLR/IMF contributed to the phase B study
with definitions for processing systems and products
(SCHÄTTLER et al. 2004, BREIT and FRITZ 2005, FRITZ and
SCHÄTTLER 2005). While TerraSAR-L is currently on hold,
the developed concepts are taken over for the imminent
ESA Sentinel-1 missions. TanDEM-X, an interferometric
mission based upon TerraSAR-X by adding a second
satellite in a close formation flight will be realized in 2009.
The goal is to establish global 10 meter resolution DEM
with 2 meter vertical accuracy (90%, point to point) that
will significantly improve the current SRTM data set with
respect to resolution, accuracy, coverage and reliability
(MOREIRA et al. 2004, BAMLER et al. 2006/07, GILL and
RUNGE 2004).
SAR Interferometry and Related Processing
Techniques
Many methodological investigations (MEYER et al. 2006c,
BAMLER et al. 2005, FIEDLER et al. 2005, BAMLER and
HOLZNER 2004, BARAN et al. 2003, HOLZNER and BAMLER
2002) and practical applications have been performed
within the last four years. Radar interferometry is being
used since the nineties for the measurement of land topography
(Digital Elevation Models), see (EINEDER 2005,
SAR and Imaging Techniques
R. BAMLER 1 , M. EINEDER 1 , R. DIETRICH 2
EINEDER and ADAM 2005, HUBIG et al. 2004, EINEDER 2003,
EINEDER and SUCHANDT 2003, RABUS et al. 2003).
Another focus of research and application are slow land
surface deformation processes (BAMLER et al. 2006,
HOOPER et al. 2004, KAMPES and HANSEN 2004, KAMPES
2006, BAMLER 2005). Another field of SAR interferometry
is the determination of surface deformation and flow
velocities for ice-covered areas (HORWATH et al. 2006,
SHAROV et al. 2003, WENDT 2005, WENDT et al. 2005).
During the recent years the detection and measurement of
rather fast surface motion phenomena such as ocean
currents (RUNGE et al. 2005) and vehicle speed has been
demonstrated (MEYER et al. 2006a, HINZ et al. 2006/07,
MEYER et al. 2006b, PALUBINSKAS et al. 2006). In oceanography,
the measurement of wind and wave parameters
from SAR is among of the most established applications
(LEHNER 2005, LEHNER et al. 2005, SCHULZ-STELLENFLETH
et al. 2006, NIEDERMEIER et al. 2005a, NIEDERMEIER et al.
2005b, RICKLEFS et al. 2005, ROMEISER et al. 2005,
SCHNEIDERHAN et al. 2005, SCHULZ-STELLENFLETH and
LEHNER 2005, HORSTMANN et al. 2004, SCHULZ-STELLEN-
FLETH and LEHNER 2004, SIEGMUND et al. 2004, WERNER
et al. 2004, DANKERT et al. 2003, HORSTMANN et al. 2003).
Application-oriented SAR and Related
Subjects
Terrafirma is a GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment
and Security) initiative triggered by ESA to monitor ground
motion in 25 member states of the EU using the persistent
scatterer SAR interferometry technique. DLR is acting as
an independent quality control instance and defines quality
control procedures for the interferometric processing
(ADAM 2006).
Information mining and scene understanding methods aim
to search for user defined objects and structures in large
archives of image data (PALUBINSKAS and DATCU 2006,
DASCHIEL and DATCU 2005a, DASCHIEL and DATCU 2005b,
DATCU and SEIDEL 2005, DATCU and DASCHIEL 2005, HEAS
and DATCU 2005, MAIRE and DATCU 2005, QUARTULLI and
DATCU 2004, DATCU et al. 2003, DATCU and SEIDEL 2003,
QUARTULLI and DATCU 2003).
1 Richard Bamler / Michael Eineder: DLR-Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung (IMF), D - 82234 Wessling, Germany,
Tel. +49 - 815328 - 2673, Fax +49 - 815328 - 1420, e-mail richard.bamler@dlr.de / michael.eineder@dlr
2 Reinhard Dietrich: Institut für Planetare Geodäsie, Techn.ische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 13, D - 01062 Dresden. Germany,
Tel. +49 - 0351 - 463 346 52, Fax +49 - 351 - 463 370 63, e-mail dietrich@ipg.geo.tu-dresden.de