NATIONAL REPORT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF ... - IAG Office

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146 IAG Projects – TanDEM-X (2009): in tandem with TerraSAR-X, global high-precision digital elevation models (DLR, Astrium, GFZ); – SWARM (2009): Magnetic field mission with 3 satellites (ESA); – EnMAP (2011): Hyperspectral optical mission for environmental monitoring (GFZ, DLR). 3. National Projects The following large scientific projects are contributing considerably to the goals of GGOS: BMBF Geotechnologien Program The Geotechnologien Program "Observing the Earth from Space" is financed by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Within this framework program several projects of relevance to GGOS were funded. The project "GGOS-D" (D for Deutschland), as an example, is a German contribution to GGOS and has as its goal the homogeneous reprocessing of the data of all major space geodetic techniques and the rigorous combination of the generated time series of solutions (including station coordinates, Earth rotation parameters, Earth gravity field coefficients, quasar coordinates, troposphere parameters, etc.). Other projects are dealing with the processing and interpretation of the data coming from the satellite missions CHAMP, GRACE and in future GOCE (gravity field, magnetic field, atmospheric sounding, ionosphere, ...). See http://www.geotechnologien.de/. BMBF German Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (GITEWS) GITEWS is a project of the German Government at the reconstruction of the tsunami-prone region of the Indian Ocean. It is accomplished by a consortium of nine institutions. The establishment of a Tsunami Early Warning System for the Indian Ocean is based on different kinds of sensor systems, that comprise seismometers, GPS instruments, tide gauges and buoys as well as ocean bottom pressure sensors (see http://www.gitews.de). DFG Priority Research Program "Mass Transport and Mass Distribution in the Earth System" This program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) focusses on the mass transport processes in the Earth system and the mass distribution in the Earth. Especially the contributions of the new generation of satellite gravity and altimetry missions to geoscience, i.e., to ocean dynamics, ice mass balance, sea level change, dynamics and structure of the Earth interior, glacial isostatic adjustment, continental hydrology, atmosphere, tides and Earth core motion, and their interactions, are studied (see http://www. massentransporte.de/index.php). DFG Research Unit "Earth Rotation and Global Dynamic Processes" This research program has been formed to get a better understanding of Earth rotation variations, the coupled global processes and Earth sub-systems involved, and to improve the observation technologies and data processing strategies for the determination of Earth rotation variations, e.g., as indicator of global change (see http://www. erdrotation.de/). Literature ANGERMANN D., KELM R., KRÜGEL M., MEISEL B., MÜLLER H., TESMER V., THALLER D., DILL R.: Towards a Rigorous Combination of Space Geodetic Observations for IERS Product Generation. Observation of the Earth System from Space, Flury, Rummel, Reigber, Rothacher, Boedecker, Schreiber (Hrsg.), 373-387. Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. 3-540-29520-8, 2006 DREWES H.: The ILRS: An important service for science and practice. In: ILRS 2003-2004 Annual Report, 1-3, NASA/TP-2005-212780, 2005 GERSTL M.: Numerical aspects on combination at the observation equation and normal equation level. Proceedings of the IERS Workshop on Combination Research and Global Geophysical Fluids, IERS Technical Note 30, 89-93, Verlag des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., 3-89888-877-0, 2003 IHDE J., ADAM J., BRUYNINX C., KENYERES A., SIMEK J., 2003. Proposal for the Development of an European Combined Geodetic Network (ECGN). EUREF Publications No. 12. Mitteilungen des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., Bd. 29, pp. 49-67, 2003 IHDE J., BAKER T., BRUYNINX C., FRANCIS O., AMALVICT M., KENYERES A., MÄKINEN J., SHIPMAN S., SIMEK J., WILMES H.: Concept and Status of the ECGN Project. In: EUREF Publication Nr.13, Mitteilungen des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., Band 33, pp 57-65, 2004 IHDE J., BAKER T., BRUYNINX C., FRANCIS O., AMALVIC, M., KENYERE, A., MÄKINE, J., SHIPMAN S., ÖIMEK J., WILMES H.: Development of a European Combined Geodetic Network (ECGN). In: Journal of Geodynamics 40, 450-460, 2005 IHDE J., BAKER T., BRUYNINX C., FRANCIS O., AMALVICT M., LUTHARDT J., LIEBSCH G., KENYERES A., MAKINEN J., SHIPMAN S., ÖIMEK J., WILMES H.: The Implementation of the ECGN Stations – Status of the 1st Call for Participation, In: EUREF Publication No. 14, Mitteilungen des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Band 35, 49-58, 2005 IHDE J., BAKER T., BRUYNINX C., FRANCIS O., AMALVICT M., KENYERES A., MAKINEN J., SHIPMAN, S., ÖIMEK J., WILMES H., WZIONTEK H.: Status of the European Combined Geodetic Netwrk. Proceedings of the EUREF Symposium in Vienna, 2005, in print KELM R.: Rank defect analysis and variance component estimation for inter-technique combination. Proceedings of the IERS Workshop on Combination Research and Global Geophysical Fluids, IERS Technical Note 30, 112-114, Verlag des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., 3-89888-877-0, 2003 KÖNIG R.,. REIGBER C, ZHU S.Y.: Dynamic model orbits and Earth system parameters from combined GPS and LEO data, Advances in Space Research, 2005 KRÜGEL M., MEISEL B.: DGFI results of the IERS SINEX combination campaign. In: GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report No. 3, 96-100, Koordinierungsbüro Geotechnologien, Potsdam, 2003.
KRÜGEL M., TESMER V., ANGERMANN D., THALLER D., ROTHACHER M., SCHMID R.: CONT02 Campaign - Combination of VLBI and GPS, In: N. R. Vandenberg, K. D. Baver: IVS 2004 General Meeting Proceedings, NASA/CP- 2004-212255, 2004 KRÜGEL M., ANGERMANN D.: Analysis of local ties from multiyear solutions of different space techniques, IERS Technical Note, No. 33, 32-37, Verlag des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., 2005 KRÜGEL M., ANGERMANN D.: Frontiers in the combination of space geodetic techniques, Proceedings of IAG Symposia Cairns, Springer, 2007 KRÜGEL M., THALLER D., TESMER V., ROTHACHER M., ANGER- MANN D., SCHMID R.: Troposphere parameters: Combination based on on homogeneous VLBI data. In: Schuh, H., A. Nothnagel, C. Ma (Eds.): VLBI special issue. Journal of Geodesy, DOI 10.1007/s00190-006-0127-8, 2007 KUTTERER H., KRÜGEL M., TESMER V.: Towards an improved assessment of the quality of terrestrial reference frames. Proceedings of the IAG Symposium Geodetic Reference Frames GRF 2006 Munich, Springer, in review LECHNER V., ROTHACHER M., SCHLÜTER W.: Footprint Network: GPS-Monitoring of the Fundamental Station Wettzell, IERS Technical Note, No. 33, 32-37, Verlag des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., 2005 MEISEL B., KRÜGEL M., ANGERMANN D., GERSTL M., KELM R.: Intra- and inter-technique combination for the ITRF. In: GEOTECHNO-LOGIEN Science Report No. 3, 108-111, Koordinierungsbüro Geotechnologien, Potsdam, 2003 MEISEL B., ANGERMANN D., KRÜGEL M.: Influence of timevariable effects in station positions on the terrestrial reference frame, Proceedings of the IAG Symposium Geodetic Reference Frames GRF 2006 Munich, Springer, in review MÜLLER J., HEIPKE C., KUTTERER H., SEEBER G., SESTER M.: Weltraummethoden revolutionieren Erdbeobachtung. In: R. Seidel (ed.), Festschrift zum 175-jährigen Bestehen der Universität Hannover, BAND I, S. 79-87, 2006 MÜLLER J., HEIPKE C., KUTTERER H., SEEBE, G., SESTER M.: Geodäsie und Geoinformatik: die Kerndisziplin für eine moderne Erdbeobachtung. In: Festschrift zum 125-jährigen Bestehen der Fachrichtung Geodäsie und Geoinformatik an der Universität Hannover, S. 9-25, 2006 MÜLLER J., BISKUPEK L., OBERST J., SCHREIBER U.: Contribution of Lunar Laser Ranging: to Realise Geodetic Reference Systems. Reviewed Proceedings of the GRF2006 Meeting, München, 9-13. Oktober 2006, under review, 2007 NOTHNAGEL A., ANGERMANN D., CAMPBELL J., FISCHER D., GERSTL M., KELM R., KRÜGEL M., MEISEL B., ROTHACHER M., STEINFORTH C., THALLER D., VENNEBUSCH M.: Combination of Earth monitoring products by IERS combination research centers, GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report No. 3, Koordinierungsbüro Geotechnologien, Potsdam, 120- 125, 2003 NOTHNAGEL A., SCHLÜTER W., SEEGER H.: Die geodätische VLBI in Deutschland; Z. f. Vermessungswesen, Vol. 129, 219 – 226, 2004 RICHTER B., SCHWEGMANN W., DICK W.R.: Development of an Information and Database System for the IERS: status and outlook. Journal of Geodynamics, 2005 ROTHACHER M.: The Special Role of SLR for Inter-Technique Combinations. Proceedings of the ILRS Workshop, October 28-31, Kötzting, Germany, 2003 M. Rothacher: GGOS: the IAG Project 147 ROTHACHER M.: Towards a Rigorous Combination of Space Geodetic Techniques. Proceedings of the IERS Workshop on Combination Research and Global Geophysical Fluids, IERS Technical Note 30, Richter, B., Schwegmann, W. (Hrsg.), Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., 2003 ROTHACHER M., CAMPBELL J., NOTHNAGE, A., DREWES H., ANGERMANN D., GRÜNREICH D., RICHTER B., REIGBER CH., ZHU S.Y.: Integration of Space Geodetic Techniques and Establishment of a User Center in the Framework of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS). Geotechnologien Science Report, Rudloff, A., Stroink, L. (Hrsg.), 2003, 3, 137-141. Koordinationsbüro Geotechnologien, Potsdam. 1619-7399, 2003 ROTHACHER M., SVEHLA D.: Impact of LEO satellites on global GPS solutions. Geophysical Research Abstracts: EGS-AGU- EGU Joint Assembly, European Geophysical Society, 109- 7006, 2003 ROTHACHER M., LECHNER V., SCHLÜTER W.: Antenna Monitoring: Wettzell GPS Antenna Array. Proceedings of the IERS Workshop on Site Co-location, IERS Technical Note, No. 33, Verlag des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., 2005 ROTHACHER M., THALLER D., SCHMID R., KRÜGEL M., ANGER- MANN D., TESMER V.: Local Tie Results from the CONT'02 Campaign. IERS Technical Note, No. 33, Verlag des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., 2005 ROTHACHER M., DILL R., THALLER D.: IERS Analysis Coordination. Observation of the Earth System from Space, Flury, Rummel, Reigber, Rothacher, Boedecker, Schreiber (Hrsg.), 333-342. Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. 3-540- 29520-8, 2006 SACHER M., BELYASHKI T., LIEBSCH G., IHDE J.: Status of the UELN/EVRS data base and results of the last UELN adjustment, In: EUREF Publication No. 14, Mitteilungen des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Band 35, 172- 179, 2005 SACHER M., LIEBSCH G., IHDE J., LUTHARDT J.: Steps on the way to the Web-baed geodetic information and service system, Proceedings of the EUREF Symposium in Vienna 2005, in print SARTI P., ANGERMANN D.: Terrestrial data analysis and SINEX generation. IERS workshop on site co-location, Matera, 2003, IERS Technical Note, No. 33, 32-37, Verlag des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., 2005 SCHLÜTER W., ZERNECKE R., BECKER S., KLÜGEL TH., THALLER D. (2005): Local Ties Between the Reference Points at the Fundamentalstation Wettzell. Proceedings of the IERS Workshop on site co-location. Matera, Italy, 23 - 24 October 2003. IERS Technical Note No. 33, Bernd Richter, Wolfgang R. Dick, Wolfgang Schwegmann (Hrsg.), 2005. Verlag des Bundesamts für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M. SCHLÜTER W., HASE H., ZERNECKE R., BECKER S., KLÜGEL TH., THALLER D.: Local Ties Between the Reference Points at the Transportable Integrated Geodetic Observatory (TIGO) in Concepcion/Chile. Proceedings of the IERS Workshop on site co-location. Matera, Italy, 23 - 24 October 2003. IERS Technical Note No. 33, Bernd Richter, Wolfgang R. Dick, Wolfgang Schwegmann (Hrsg.), 2005. Verlag des Bundesamts für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt a.M., 2005
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DEUTSCHE GEODÄTISCHE KOMMISSION be
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Adresse des Herausgebers / Address
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Contents Commission 1 - Reference F
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COMMISSION 1 REFERENCE FRAMES 7
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10 Commission 1 - Reference Frames
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14 Introduction Celestial Reference
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24 Introduction The contributions o
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28 Satellite altimetry provides a p
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COMMISSION 2 GRAVITY FIELD 33
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36 Commission 2 - Gravity Field res
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38 Commission 2 - Gravity Field aut
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40 Commission 2 - Gravity Field in
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42 Commission 2 - Gravity Field sho
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44 Commission 2 - Gravity Field KRE
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46 Commission 2 - Gravity Field Dev
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48 Commission 2 - Gravity Field ILK
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50 Introduction In the reporting pe
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52 Commission 2 - Gravity Field of
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54 Commission 2 - Gravity Field GRU
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56 Commission 2 - Gravity Field LEM
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58 1. Modelling Techniques Fundamen
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60 Commission 2 - Gravity Field BUN
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62 Commission 2 - Gravity Field Geo
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64 Commission 2 - Gravity Field SCH
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66 Commission 2 - Gravity Field gra
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68 Commission 2 - Gravity Field LOM
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70 Introduction The four years sinc
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72 Commission 2 - Gravity Field met
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74 Commission 2 - Gravity Field SCH
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Introduction The determination of E
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Introduction German investigations
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In Europe, there are detailed inves
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SASGEN, I., MULVANEY R., KLEMANN V.
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enabling us to map the behaviour of
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NAUJOKS M, JAHR T., JENTZSCH G.,. K
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nental hydrosphere. Thus, interpret
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M. Thomas, M. Soffel, H. Drewes: Ea
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M. Thomas, M. Soffel, H. Drewes: Ea
Page 97 and 98: observed that the resulting masscha
Page 99 and 100: Since 2001, the IERS Central Bureau
Page 101 and 102: COMMISSION 4 POSITIONING AND APPLIC
Page 103 and 104: The main highlights in the past fou
Page 105 and 106: VLBI Space Geodetic Techniques (VLB
Page 107 and 108: A. Nothnagel: Space Geodetic Techni
Page 109 and 110: A. Nothnagel: Space Geodetic Techni
Page 111 and 112: also be able to track the broadband
Page 113 and 114: CHEN X., DEKING A., LANDAU H., STOL
Page 115 and 116: SEEBER G.: Beitrag für „Directio
Page 117 and 118: 2003, WÜBBENA et al. 2006a) or in
Page 119 and 120: Permanent GNSS Networks, including
Page 121 and 122: G. Weber, M. Becker, J. Ihde: Perma
Page 123 and 124: G. Weber, M. Becker, J. Ihde: Perma
Page 125 and 126: General remarks The continuous and
Page 127 and 128: Introduction GNSS Based Sounding of
Page 129 and 130: J. Wickert, N. Jakowski: GNSS Based
Page 131 and 132: J. Wickert, N. Jakowski: GNSS Based
Page 133 and 134: References ADAM N.: TerraFirma Qual
Page 135 and 136: Introduction The period 2003 - 2007
Page 137 and 138: procedures and surveying instrument
Page 139 and 140: Motivation During the last years, n
Page 141 and 142: AVILA-RODRIGUEZ J.-A., PANY T., EIS
Page 143 and 144: SEIFERT A., KLEUSBERG A. (2003): An
Page 145 and 146: IAG PROJECTS 143
Page 147: The Global Geodetic Observing Syste
Page 151 and 152: Inter-commission Committees (ICC) A
Page 153 and 154: After the restructuring of the IAG
Page 155 and 156: Introduction Physical Aspects of Ge
Page 157 and 158: H. Drewes, M. Soffel: Physical Aspe
Page 159 and 160: W. Keller, W. Freeden: Mathematical
Page 161 and 162: W. Keller, W. Freeden: Mathematical
Page 163 and 164: H. Kutterer, W.-D. Schuh: Quality M
Page 169 and 170: B. ICC on Planetary Geodesy (ICCPG)
Page 171 and 172: Introduction Various space missions
Page 173 and 174: Photogrammetrie, Fernerkundung und
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