Fütterungsbedingte mikrobielle Zusammensetzung von Rinderkot ...

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6. Effect of cattle faeces with different microbial biomass content on soil properties, gaseous emissions and plant growth 61 qualified or quantified (Frostegård et al., 1997; Gattinger et al., 2007). Increased knowledge of the interactions between faecal composition and its behaviour in soil can lead to various strategies for livestock management and optimal utilisation, including method and time of application (Handayanta et al., 1997; Delve et al., 2001). As cattle diet and feed intake vary considerably between feeding regimes, influencing intestinal microbial parameters, direct measurements of the microbial community in faeces are an important source of information. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of different feeding regimes for heifers, low and high yielding cows on faecal composition in the first place and subsequently the impacts of the faeces on N2O emissions, N mineralisation and plant N uptake. Faeces quality has previously been characterized microbially by determining microbial biomass C and N using the chloroform fumigation extraction (CFE) method, fungal ergosterol and the cell-wall components muramic acid and glucosamine (Jost et al., 2011). The CFE method is suited to differentiate accurately between living and dead microbial tissue (Brookes et al., 1985, Vance et al., 1987). Fungal ergosterol is an important component of fungal cell membranes (Weete and Weber, 1980). It has been repeatedly used as an index for fungal biomass in soil (Bååth and Anderson, 2003), other solid substrates (Newell, 1992), and in batch cultures of yeasts (Park et al., 1990). Fungal glucosamine and bacterial muramic acid were measured as independent control values for both CFE microbial biomass and ergosterol data (Appuhn and Joergensen, 2006; Indorf et al., 2011; Jost et al, 2011). 6.2. Material and methods 6.2.1. Soil Soil samples were collected in March 2011 at 0-15 cm depth from the site “Saurasen”, located in the north of Hesse, Germany. The site is at 280 m above sea level, with an average annual precipitation of 625 mm and temperature of 6.5 °C. Developed from eroded loess overlying clayey sandstone, the soil is classified according to the WRB classification system as Stagnic Luvisol (Quintern et al., 2006). The particle size distribution was 6 % sand, 72% silt and 22% clay. Soil organic C and total N content were 8.2 mg g -1 and 0.89 mg g -1 , respectively. The soil had a pH (CaCl2)
6. Effect of cattle faeces with different microbial biomass content on soil properties, gaseous emissions and plant growth 62 of 6.4, and a water holding capacity of 50%. After sampling, the soil was homogenized, sieved (
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Fütterungsbedingte mikrobielle Zus
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Mis queridos
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Vorwort Die vorliegende Dissertatio
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4.3 Results .......................
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Abbildungsverzeichnis Abb. 1a, b Pi
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Abkürzungsverzeichnis ADF Säure-D
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1. Einleitung 1 1. Einleitung In de
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1. Einleitung 3 Stickstoff aus mikr
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2. Ziele der Arbeit 5 auf die Kotqu
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3. Methodik und Vorversuche 7 Der E
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3. Methodik und Vorversuche 9 (Tabe
Page 26 and 27: 4. Determination of microbial bioma
Page 50 and 51: 5. Microbial biomass in faeces of d
Page 74 and 75: 6. Effect of cattle faeces with dif
Page 98 and 99: 7. Zusammenfassung 83 signifikant n
Page 100 and 101: 8. Summary 85 ratio, which differed
Page 102 and 103: 9. Schlussfolgerung und Ausblick 87
Page 104 and 105: 10. Literatur 89 Engelking, B., Fle
Page 106 and 107: 10. Literatur 91 Vandermeer, J., 19
Page 108: 11. Danksagung 93 Meiner Bürokolle
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