ARM Compiler toolchain Using the Linker - ARM Information Center

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4.22.1 Example of a weak reference Image structure and generation A library contains a function foo(), that is called in some builds of an application but not in others. If it is used, init_foo() must be called first. Weak references can be used to automate the call to init_foo(). The library can define init_foo() and foo() in the same ELF section. The application initialization code must call init_foo() weakly. If the application includes foo() for any reason, it also includes init_foo() and this is called from the initialization code. In any builds that do not include foo(), the call to init_foo() is removed by the linker. Typically, the code for multiple functions defined within a single source file is placed into a single ELF section by the compiler. However, certain build options might alter this behavior, so you must use them with caution if your build is relying on the grouping of files into ELF sections: • The compiler command-line option --split_sections results in each function being placed in its own section. In this example, compiling the library with this option results in foo() and init_foo() being placed in separate sections. Therefore init_foo() is not automatically included in the build due to a call to foo(). • The linker feedback mechanism, --feedback, records init_foo() as being unused during the link step. This causes the compiler to place init_foo() into its own section during subsequent compilations, so that it can be removed. • The compiler directive #pragma arm section also instructs the compiler to generate a separate ELF section for some functions. In this example, there is no need to rebuild the initialization code between builds that include foo() and do not include foo(). There is also no possibility of accidentally building an application with a version of the initialization code that does not call init_foo(), and other parts of the application that call foo(). An example of foo.c source code that is typically built into a library is: void init_foo() { // Some initialization code } void foo() { // A function that is included in some builds // and requires init_foo() to be called first. } An example of init.c is: __weak void init_foo(void); int main(void) { init_foo(); // Rest of code that may make calls foo() directly or indirectly. } An example of a weak reference generated by the assembler is: init.s: IMPORT init_foo WEAK AREA init, CODE, readonly ARM DUI 0474C Copyright © 2010-2011 ARM. All rights reserved. 4-33 ID080411 Non-Confidential
BL init_foo ;Rest of code END 4.22.2 Example of a weak definition 4.22.3 See also Image structure and generation A simple or dummy implementation of a function can be provided as a weak definition. This enables you to built software with defined behavior without having to provide a full implementation of the function. It also enables you to provide a full implementation for some builds if required. Concepts • How the linker performs library searching, selection, and scanning on page 4-35 • How the linker resolves references on page 4-39. Reference Linker Reference: • --feedback=file on page 2-66 • --keep=section_id on page 2-89 • --remove, --no_remove on page 2-134. Compiler Reference: • --split_sections on page 3-190 • __weak on page 5-23 • __attribute__((weak)) function attribute on page 5-57 • __attribute__((weakref("target"))) function attribute on page 5-58 • __attribute__((weak)) variable attribute on page 5-77 • __attribute__((weakref("target"))) variable attribute on page 5-78 • #pragma arm section [section_type_list] on page 5-83. Assembler Reference: • NOP on page 3-143 • B, BL, BX, BLX, and BXJ on page 3-116 • ENTRY on page 6-65 • EXPORT or GLOBAL on page 6-67. ARM DUI 0474C Copyright © 2010-2011 ARM. All rights reserved. 4-34 ID080411 Non-Confidential
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® ARM Copyright © 2010-2011 ARM.
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Contents ARM Compiler toolchain Usi
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Contents 7.15 Creating a symdefs fi
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Chapter 1 Conventions and feedback
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Chapter 2 Overview of the linker Th
Page 11 and 12: Concepts • Demand paging on page
Page 13 and 14: 2.3 Linker command-line options lis
Page 15 and 16: • --keep_protected_symbols on pag
Page 17 and 18: • --eager_load_debug, --no_eager_
Page 19 and 20: 2.5 What the linker outputs 2.5.1 S
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 3 Linking models supported
Page 23 and 24: 3.2 Bare-metal linking model 3.2.1
Page 25 and 26: Linking models supported by armlink
Page 27 and 28: 3.5.1 See also • There are restri
Page 29 and 30: 3.7 Concepts common to both BPABI a
Page 31 and 32: Image structure and generation •
Page 33 and 34: 4.1.1 See also Image structure and
Page 35 and 36: 4.3 Load view and execution view of
Page 37 and 38: 4.4 Methods of specifying an image
Page 39 and 40: 4.5 Types of simple image 4.5.1 See
Page 47 and 48: 4.10 About specifying an initial en
Page 49 and 50: 4.11.2 Example 4.11.3 See also The
Page 51 and 52: 4.13 Section alignment with the lin
Page 53 and 54: Reference Linker Reference: • --a
Page 55 and 56: 4.16 Overview of veneers 4.16.1 See
Page 57 and 58: 4.18 Veneer types 4.18.1 See also I
Page 59 and 60: 4.20 Reuse of veneers when scatter-
Page 61: 4.22 About weak references and defi
Page 65 and 66: Image structure and generation 4.24
Page 67 and 68: 4.25 Specifying user libraries when
Page 69 and 70: 4.27 Use of the strict family of op
Page 71 and 72: 5.1 Elimination of common debug sec
Page 73 and 74: 5.3 Elimination of unused sections
Page 75 and 76: 5.4 Elimination of unused virtual f
Page 77 and 78: • --scatter=file on page 2-142. C
Page 79 and 80: 5.6.1 See also Using linker optimiz
Page 81 and 82: 3. Creates the output image. 5.7.3
Page 83 and 84: 5.9 How the linker chooses a compre
Page 85 and 86: 5.11 How compression is applied 5.1
Page 87 and 88: 5.13 Inlining functions with the li
Page 89 and 90: Reference Assembler Reference: •
Page 91 and 92: 5.16 About reordering of tail calli
Page 93 and 94: 5.18 About merging comment sections
Page 95 and 96: 6.1 Linker options for getting info
Page 97 and 98: 6.3 Example of using the --info lin
Page 99 and 100: 6.4 How to find where a symbol is p
Page 101 and 102: • Load$$LR$$ load region symbols
Page 103 and 104: 7.2 Accessing linker-defined symbol
Page 105 and 106: 7.4 Image$$ execution region symbol
Page 107 and 108: 7.5.1 See also Accessing and managi
Page 109 and 110: 7.7 Region name values when not sca
Page 111 and 112: 7.9 Importing linker-defined symbol
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7.11 Section-related symbols 7.11.1
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7.13 Input section symbols 7.13.1 S
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7.15 Creating a symdefs file 7.15.1
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7.17 Reading a symdefs file 7.17.1
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7.18.2 See also 0x0000814D T __argv
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7.20 Specifying steering files on t
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7.22 Steering file format 7.22.1 Se
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7.24 Using $Super$$ and $Sub$$ to p
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Using scatter files • Images with
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8.2 When to use scatter-loading 8.2
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• --startup=symbol, --no_startup
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8.4.1 See also Concepts • About s
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8.5.1 See also } SRAM 0x8000 0x8000
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8.7 Specifying stack and heap using
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8.9 Creating root execution regions
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8.9.2 See also Tasks • Using the
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8.11 Placing functions and data at
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Using scatter files RAM 0x200000 (0
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Using scatter files • Using __at
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Developing Software for ARM ® Proc
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} } .ANY1(+RO) ; evenly distributed
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8.14 Examples of using placement al
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Using scatter files 8.15 Example of
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8.16 Examples of using sorting algo
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8.17 Selecting veneer input section
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Compiler Reference: • __attribute
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8.20 Restrictions on placing __at s
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8.21.1 See also Using scatter files
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8.23 Placing a key in flash memory
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8.25 Placement of sections with ove
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8.25.1 See also Using scatter files
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8.27 Example of placing code in a r
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8.29 Example of placing ARM C++ lib
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8.31 Reserving an empty region Usin
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8.32 About creating regions on page
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8.33 Overalignment of execution reg
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8.35 Expression evaluation in scatt
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8.37 Equivalent scatter-loading des
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Using scatter files Example 8-23 Po
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Using scatter files Example 8-25 Po
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Using scatter files • The ER_ZI e
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Using scatter files Example 8-29 Sc
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Chapter 9 GNU ld script support in
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9.2 Typical use cases for using ld
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Reference Linker Reference: • --l
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9.5 Recommendations for using ld sc
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.data : { __data_start = .; *(.data
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9.6.4 See also .got 0 : { *(.got.pl
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9.7.1 See also } .dynamic : { *(.dy
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9.8.1 See also { *(.bss .bss.*) . =
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Chapter 10 BPABI and SysV shared li
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BPABI and SysV shared libraries and
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10.3 Concepts common to all BPABI m
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10.5 Symbol visibility for BPABI mo
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10.6 Automatic import and export fo
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10.8 Symbol versioning for BPABI mo
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10.10 Linker options for SysV model
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10.13 Addressing modes in the SysV
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10.17 Linker options for bare metal
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10.21 Addressing modes in the BPABI
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10.23 About symbol versioning 10.23
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10.25 Example of creating versioned
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10.27 Linker options for enabling i
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Chapter 11 Features of the Base Pla
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Features of the Base Platform linki
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11.2 Example scatter file for the B
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Features of the Base Platform linki
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