reverse engineering – recent advances and applications - OpenLibra
reverse engineering – recent advances and applications - OpenLibra
reverse engineering – recent advances and applications - OpenLibra
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Preface XIII<br />
the step-by-step application of integrated RE <strong>and</strong> DFMA <strong>and</strong> highlight the possible<br />
cost savings <strong>and</strong> related challenges.<br />
Part 3: Reverse Engineering in Medical <strong>and</strong> Life Sciences<br />
In part 3, our focus changes from industrial artifacts to artifacts related to medical <strong>and</strong><br />
life sciences. Use-cases in this context relate mainly to the increased amounts of data<br />
acquired from such application domains which can support more detailed <strong>and</strong>/or<br />
accurate modeling <strong>and</strong> underst<strong>and</strong>ing of medical <strong>and</strong> biological phenomena. As such,<br />
<strong>reverse</strong> <strong>engineering</strong> has here a different flavor than in the first two parts of the book:<br />
Rather than recovering information lost during an earlier design process, the aim is to<br />
extract new information on natural processes in order to best underst<strong>and</strong> the<br />
dynamics of such processes.<br />
In Chapter 10, Yuji et al. present a method to <strong>reverse</strong> engineer the structure <strong>and</strong><br />
dynamics of gene regulatory networks (GRNs). High amounts of gene-related data are<br />
available from various information sources, e.g. gene expression experoments,<br />
molecular interaction, <strong>and</strong> gene ontology databases. The challenges is how to find<br />
relationships between transcription factors <strong>and</strong> their potential target genes, given that<br />
one has to deal with noisy datasets containing tens of thous<strong>and</strong>s of genes that act<br />
according to different temporal <strong>and</strong> spatial patterns, strongly interact among each<br />
others, <strong>and</strong> exhibit subsampling. A computational data mining framework is<br />
presented which integrates all above-mentioned information sources, <strong>and</strong> uses genetic<br />
algorithms based on particle swarm optimization techniques to find relationships of<br />
interest. Results are presented on two different cell datasets.<br />
In Chapter 11, Mayo et al. present a <strong>reverse</strong> <strong>engineering</strong> activity that aims to create a<br />
predictive model of the dynamics of gas transfer (oxygen uptake) in mammalian<br />
lungs. The solution involves a combination of geometric modeling of the mammalian<br />
lung coarse-scale structure (lung airways), mathematical modeling of the gas transport<br />
equations, <strong>and</strong> an efficient way to solve the emerging system of diffusion-reaction<br />
equations by several modeling <strong>and</strong> numerical approximations. The proposed model is<br />
next validated in terms of predictive power by comparing its results with actual<br />
experimental measurements. All in all, the <strong>reverse</strong> <strong>engineering</strong> of the complex<br />
respiratory physical process can be used as an addition or replacement to more costly<br />
measuring experiments.<br />
In Chapter 12, Cernescu et al. present a <strong>reverse</strong> <strong>engineering</strong> application in the context<br />
of dental <strong>engineering</strong>. The aim is to efficiently <strong>and</strong> effectively assess the mechanical<br />
quality of manufactured complete dentures in terms of their behavior to mechanical<br />
stresses e.g. detect areas likely to underperform or crack in normal operation mode.<br />
The <strong>reverse</strong> <strong>engineering</strong> pipeline presented covers the steps of 3D model acquisition<br />
by means of scanning <strong>and</strong> surface reconstruction, creation of a finite element mesh<br />
suitable for numerical simulations, <strong>and</strong> the actual computation of stress <strong>and</strong> strain<br />
factors in presence of induced model defects.