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174 Reverse Engineering – Recent Advances and Applications Fig. 11. NURB surface models generated using two different options in Rapidform, (a) Evenly Distribution Network option , and (b) Feature Following Network option Fig. 12. Results of the block example tested using Rapidform, (a) polygon mesh (1,062,236 triangles), (b) NURB surface model (273 patches), and (c) deviation analysis While evaluating Rapidform for surface construction, some issues were encountered and worth noting. First, as discussed earlier, Rapidform tends to create large size NURB patches that sometimes leave unfilled gaps in the surface model, especially in a long narrow region of high curvature. This happened even with Feature Following Network option. As shown in Fig. 13, almost half of the small branch of the tubing is missing after auto surfacing with Feature Following Network option. When such a problem appears, Rapidform highlights boundary curves of the gaps that are not able to be filled. In general, users can choose to reduce the gap size, for example, by adding NURB curves to split the narrow regions, until NURB patches of adequate size can be created to fill the gaps with required accuracy. For the tubing example, the repair process took about 45 minutes to finish. The final surface model was created with some manual work. The average and standard deviation between the surface model and the polygon mesh are -0.0003 mm and 0.0189 mm, respectively, as shown in Fig. 14. The sheet metal example shown in Fig. 15 also presents minor issues with Rapidform. The boundary edge of the part is not smooth, as common to all scanned data. Rapidform created a NURB curve along the boundary, and then another smoother curve very close to the boundary edge. As a result, a very long and narrow region was created between these two curves, which present problems in auto surfacing. Similar steps as to the tubing example were taken to split the narrow region by adding NURB curves. The final model was split in four main regions and several smaller regions shown in Fig. 16, which allows NURB surfaces to be generated with excellent accuracy (average: 0.0 in, standard deviation: 0.0002 in).
A Review on Shape Engineering and Design Parameterization in Reverse Engineering Fig. 13. Incomplete NURB surface model created by Rapidform Fig. 14. Results of the tubing example tested using Rapidform, (a) polygon mesh (589,693 triangles), (b) NURB surface model (185 patches), and (c) deviation analysis Fig. 15. Narrow regions failed for auto surfacing using Rapidform 175
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REVERSE ENGINEERING - RECENT ADVANC
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Contents Preface IX Part 1 Software
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Preface Introduction In the recent
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Preface XI and con’s related to t
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Preface XIII the step-by-step appli
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Part 1 Software Reverse Engineering
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4 Reverse Engineering - Recent Adva
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10 Reverse Engineering - Recent Adv
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58 2. Model driven architecture: An
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62 Fig. 1. Model, metamodels and tr
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100 Reverse Engineering - Recent Ad
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108 Table 1. Number of smoothers an
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1. Introduction 60 Surface Reconstr
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Surface Reconstruction from Unorgan
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Surface Reconstruction from Unorgan
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238 5. Summary and discussions Reve
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268 Fig. 6. A closed polygon mesh r
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272 3. Results Reverse Engineering
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