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182 Reverse Engineering – Recent Advances and Applications The block example that was fully parameterized in Rapidform was first exported to SolidWorks. All the solid features were seamlessly exported to SolidWorks, except for some datum entities, such as datum points. Since entities such as polygon meshes and segmented regions are not included in SolidWorks database, they cannot be exported. As a result, geometric datum features associated with these entities are not exported properly. The dimensions and constraints added to the sketches and solid features in Rapidform are exported well, except again for those referenced to entities that are not available in SolidWorks. Fortunately, it only requires users to make a few minor changes (such as adding or modifying dimensions or constraints) to bring back a fully parametric solid model in SolidWorks. As shown in Fig. 22, the length of the base block was increased and the solid model is rebuilt in SolidWorks (Fig. 22b). Similar results were observed in NX. However, Fig. 21. The block model explored to SolidWorks and Wildfire, (a) seventeen features recognized in Geomagic, (b) features exported to SolidWorks (wireframe), (c) features "piled up" in SolidWorks, (d) features exported to Wildfire (wireframe), and (e) features "piled up" in Wildfire Fig. 22. Block exported from Rapidform to SolidWorks, (a) solid model exported to SolidWorks, and (b) design change made in SolidWorks
A Review on Shape Engineering and Design Parameterization in Reverse Engineering model exported to Wildfire 4.0 is problematic, in which numerous issues, such as missing and misinterpretation portion of the section profile, are encountered. In general, parametric solid models created in Rapidform can be exported well to SolidWorks and NX. The export is almost seamless. Although, there were minor issues encountered, such as missing references for some datum points, those issues can be fixed very easily. 5. Discussion The most useful and advanced shape engineering capabilities are offered in specialized, non-CAD software, such as Geomagic, Rapidform, etc., that are intended to support reverse engineering. Some CAD packages, such as SolidWorks, Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire, and CATIA, offer limited capabilities for shape engineering. In general, capabilities offered in CAD are labor intensive and inferior to specialized codes while dealing with shape engineering. After intensive review and survey (Chang & Chen, 2010), to the authors’ knowledge, the best software on the market for reverse engineering is Geomagic Studio v.11 and Rapidform XOR3. This was determined after a thorough and intensive study, following a set of prescribed criteria including auto surfacing, parametric solid modeling, and software usability. Between the two, Geomagic has a slight edge in geometric entity editing, which is critical for auto surfacing. In terms of solid modeling, Geomagic stops short at only offering primitive surfaces, such as plane, cylinder, sphere, etc., from segmented regions. Rapidform is superior in support of solid modeling (in addition to excellent auto surfacing) that goes beyond primitive surface fitting. Rapidform offers convenient sketching capabilities that support feature-based modeling. As a result, it often requires less effort yet yielding a much better solid model by interactively recovering solid features embedded in the segmented regions. The interactive approach mainly involves creating or extracting section profiles or guide curves from the polygon mesh, and following CAD-like steps to create solid features. 6. Conclusions In this chapter, technology that enables 3D shape engineering and design parameterization for reverse engineering was reviewed. Software that offers such capabilities was also evaluated and tested using practical examples. Based on the evaluations, we observed that Rapidform is the only viable choice for parametric solid modeling in support of 3D shape engineering and design parameterization. Rapidform offers CAD-like capabilities for creating solid features, feature tree for allowing roll back for feature editing, and very good sketching functions. In addition, the liveTransfer module offers model exporting to mainstream CAD systems almost seamlessly. After research and development in decades, technology that supports 3D shape engineering and design parameterization is matured enough to support general engineering applications. The ideal scenario can now be realized by using software such as Rapidform for shape engineering and parameterization, where labor intensive tasks, such as managing point cloud, triangulation, etc., is taken care of in an automated fashion; and design intents 183
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REVERSE ENGINEERING - RECENT ADVANC
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Contents Preface IX Part 1 Software
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Preface Introduction In the recent
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Preface XI and con’s related to t
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Preface XIII the step-by-step appli
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Part 1 Software Reverse Engineering
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4 Reverse Engineering - Recent Adva
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10 Reverse Engineering - Recent Adv
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58 2. Model driven architecture: An
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62 Fig. 1. Model, metamodels and tr
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100 Reverse Engineering - Recent Ad
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108 Table 1. Number of smoothers an
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1. Introduction 60 Surface Reconstr
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Surface Reconstruction from Unorgan
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238 5. Summary and discussions Reve
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268 Fig. 6. A closed polygon mesh r
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272 3. Results Reverse Engineering
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