reverse engineering – recent advances and applications - OpenLibra

More documents

Recommendations

Info

180 Reverse Engineering – Recent Advances and Applications Analyzer. The solid model generated is extremely accurate, where geometric error measured in average and standard deviation is 0.0002 and 0.0017 in., respectively (between the solid model and point cloud). Since the model is fully parameterized, it can be modified by simply changing the dimension values. For example, the length of the base block can be increased for an extended model, as shown in Fig. 18c. Method 2: Wizard Wizard, or Modeling Wizard, of Rapidform automatically extracts Wizard features such as extrude, revolve, pipe, and loft, etc., to create solid models from segmented regions. Note that a Wizard feature can be a surface (such as pipe) or a solid feature. There are five Wizard features provided: extrusion, revolution for extracting solid features; and sweep, loft, and pipe for surface features. There are three general steps to extract features using Wizard, (1) select mesh segments to generate individual features using Wizard, (2) modify the dimensions or add constraints to the sketches extracted in order to parameterize the sketches, and (3) use Boolean operations to union, subtract, or intersect individual features for a final model if needed. The same tubing example shown in Fig. 19 is employed to illustrate the capabilities offered in Wizard. We start with a polygon mesh that has been segmented, as shown in Fig. 19a. First, we select the exterior region of the main branch and choose Pipe Wizard. Rapidform uses a best fit pipe surface to fit the main branch automatically, as shown in Fig. 19b. Note that the Pipe Wizard generates section profile and guide curve as spatial (non-planar) spline curves, which cannot be parameterized. Also, wall thickness has to be added to the pipe to complete the solid feature. Next, we choose Revolution Wizard to create revolved features for the top and bottom flanges, as shown in Fig. 19c. Note that each individual features are extracted separately. They are not associated. Boolean operations must be applied to these decoupled features for a final solid model. Fig. 19. Feature extraction for the tubing example using Wizard, (a) selected main branch region, (b) surface created using Pipe Wizard, and (c) flange created using Revolution Wizard Although Wizard offers a fast and convenient approach for solid modeling, the solid models generated are often problematic. The solid models have to be closely examined for validation. For example, in this tubing model, there are gap and interference between
A Review on Shape Engineering and Design Parameterization in Reverse Engineering features, as indicated in Fig. 20. This is not a valid solid model. It is inflexible to edit and make changes to the Wizard features since the sketch profile is represented in spatial spline curves that cannot be constrained or dimensioned. Fig. 20. Gap and interference between solid features in the tubing model In summary, Rapidform is the only reverse engineering software that supports for creating parametric solid models from scanned data. Rapidform offers CAD-like capabilities that allow users to add dimensions and constraints to sketches and solid features for a fully parametric solid model. In addition, Rapidform provides two modeling methods, Sketch and Wizard. Design intent and model accuracy can be achieved using the Sketch method, which is in general a much better option for creating parametric solid models. 4.5 Solid model export The solid models created in specialized software, such as Rapidform and Geomagic, have to be exported to mainstream CAD systems in order to support engineering applications. Both Rapidform and Geomagic offer capabilities that export solid models to numerous CAD systems. 4.5.1 Parametric Exchange of Geomagic The solid model of the block example created in Geomagic was exported to SolidWorks and Wildfire using Parametric Exchange of Geomagic. For SolidWorks, all seventeen features recognized in Geomagic (see Fig. 21a) were exported as individual features, as shown in Fig. 21b. Note that since there are no Boolean operations offered in Geomagic Studio v.11, these features are not associated. There is no relation established between them. As a result, they are just "piled up" in the solid model shown in Fig. 21c. Subtraction features, such as holes and slots, simply overlap with the base block. Similar results appear in Wildfire, except that one extrusion feature was not exported properly, as shown in Fig. 21d and 21e. 4.5.2 liveTransfer module of Rapidform XOR3 The liveTransfer module of Rapidform XOR3 exports parametric models, directly into major CAD systems, including SolidWorks 2006+, Siemens NX 4+, Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0+, CATIA V4 and V5 and AutoCAD. 181
Page 1 and 2:
REVERSE ENGINEERING - RECENT ADVANC
Page 5 and 6:
Contents Preface IX Part 1 Software
Page 9 and 10:
Preface Introduction In the recent
Page 11 and 12:
Preface XI and con’s related to t
Page 13 and 14:
Preface XIII the step-by-step appli
Page 17:
Part 1 Software Reverse Engineering
Page 20 and 21:
4 Reverse Engineering - Recent Adva
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
10 Reverse Engineering - Recent Adv
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52 and 53:
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
58 2. Model driven architecture: An
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
62 Fig. 1. Model, metamodels and tr
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
100 Reverse Engineering - Recent Ad
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
108 Table 1. Number of smoothers an
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 133 and 134:
1. Introduction 60 Surface Reconstr
Page 135 and 136:
Surface Reconstruction from Unorgan
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146: Surface Reconstruction from Unorgan
Page 147 and 148: Surface Reconstruction from Unorgan
Page 149 and 150: 1. Introduction A Systematic Approa
Page 151 and 152: A Systematic Approach for Geometric
Page 177 and 178: A Review on Shape Engineering and D
Page 195: A Review on Shape Engineering and D
Page 203 and 204: Integrating Reverse Engineering and
Page 231: Part 3 Reverse Engineering in Medic
Page 234 and 235: 218 Reverse Engineering - Recent Ad
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254 and 255:
238 5. Summary and discussions Reve
Page 256 and 257:
Page 258 and 259:
Page 260 and 261:
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
268 Fig. 6. A closed polygon mesh r
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
272 3. Results Reverse Engineering
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292:
show all

reverse engineering – recent advances and applications - OpenLibra

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?