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Condiciones Sistémicas para el Emprendimiento Dinámico

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ma que tiene como propósito la<br />

creación y fortalecimiento de los<br />

vehículos de inversión de capital<br />

y la promoción d<strong>el</strong> ecosistema de<br />

alto impacto a través d<strong>el</strong> fomento<br />

de nuevas fuentes de financiamiento<br />

vía capital. Desde 2013<br />

se han aprobado 26 fondos que<br />

buscan transformar <strong>el</strong> panorama<br />

d<strong>el</strong> financiamiento de los emprendimientos<br />

dinámicos.<br />

financing sources. Since 2013, 26<br />

funds that promise to transform the<br />

dynamic entrepreneurship funding<br />

scenario have been approved.<br />

INADEM also created the Entrepreneur<br />

Support Network, an initiative<br />

that aims at putting together all<br />

government and private support<br />

policies and programs on one single<br />

h<strong>el</strong>p desk.<br />

Además INADEM creó la Red de<br />

Apoyo al Emprendedor, una iniciativa<br />

que busca articular y vincular las<br />

políticas y programas de apoyo de las<br />

distintas instancias de gobierno y d<strong>el</strong><br />

sector privado en una sola ventanilla.<br />

A los esfuerzos de INADEM hay que<br />

agregar los que está llevando a cabo<br />

Nacional Financiera, la banca de<br />

desarrollo de México, coinvirtiendo<br />

en capital semilla y de México Ventures,<br />

un fondo de fondos gestionado<br />

por la Corporación Mexicana de<br />

Inversiones de Capital y Sun Mountain<br />

Capital.<br />

La experiencia de Brasil también<br />

merece ser comentada, aun cuando<br />

<strong>el</strong> rumbo ha cambiado en los últimos<br />

años. En su momento, <strong>el</strong> programa<br />

INOVAR de FINEP - una corporación<br />

pública afiliada al Ministerio de Ciencia<br />

y Tecnología – buscó desarrollar<br />

la oferta de capital emprendedor privados<br />

mediante una “incubadora” de<br />

fondos, inspirada en <strong>el</strong> exitoso mod<strong>el</strong>o<br />

de Yozma en Isra<strong>el</strong>. En este marco,<br />

INOVAR Semente tenía <strong>el</strong> propósito<br />

de s<strong>el</strong>eccionar y apoyar a los fondos<br />

de capital semilla dispuestos a invertir<br />

en mypymes innovadoras.<br />

En total, a través de su apoyo, INOVAR<br />

realizó 12 llamados <strong>para</strong> fondos y 5<br />

adicionales <strong>para</strong> capital semilla. De las<br />

más de 220 propuestas recibidas se<br />

s<strong>el</strong>eccionaron 24 fondos, que invirtieron<br />

en cerca de 100 empresas 23 .<br />

Por otra parte, a principios d<strong>el</strong> 2013<br />

se crearon dos nuevos programas. El<br />

Fondo CRIATEC d<strong>el</strong> Banco Nacional<br />

de Desenvolvimento (BNDS) y que<br />

cuenta con gestión privada. A la fecha<br />

se han lanzado <strong>el</strong> CRIATEC I, CRIATEC<br />

II y, en 2014, <strong>el</strong> CRIATEC III.<br />

In addition to INADEM, other r<strong>el</strong>evant<br />

institutions are doing their part: Nacional<br />

Financiera (Mexico’s dev<strong>el</strong>opment<br />

bank) co-invests in seed capital<br />

and Mexico Ventures a fund of funds<br />

managed by the Corporación Mexicana<br />

de Inversiones de Capital and<br />

Sun Mountain Capital.<br />

Brazil’s experience is also interesting,<br />

in spite of the fact that the country’s<br />

direction has shifted in the last few<br />

years. The INOVAR program by<br />

FINEP (a public corporation reporting<br />

to the Ministry of Science and Technology)<br />

was aimed at dev<strong>el</strong>oping the<br />

supply of private investment capital<br />

by means of a fund “incubator”, inspired<br />

by Yozma, the successful Isra<strong>el</strong>i<br />

mod<strong>el</strong>. In that line, INOVAR Semente<br />

was aimed at s<strong>el</strong>ecting and supporting<br />

seed capital funds willing to invest<br />

in innovative MSMEs.<br />

Overall INOVAR made 12 calls for<br />

funds and 5 additional ones for<br />

seed capital funds. Out of 220 applications<br />

received, 24 funds were<br />

s<strong>el</strong>ected and they invested in about<br />

100 businesses 23 .<br />

Also, at the beginning of 2013, two<br />

new programs were created. Fondo<br />

CRIATEC which b<strong>el</strong>ongs to the BNDS<br />

(National Dev<strong>el</strong>opment Bank) and is<br />

managed privat<strong>el</strong>y. To date, a CRIATEC<br />

I, II and III (2014) were launched.<br />

The other recent program is Start-up<br />

Brasil, launched by the MCTI (Ministry<br />

of Science, Technology and Innovation),<br />

designed to dev<strong>el</strong>op a support<br />

ecosystem for innovative enterprises<br />

and, particularly, for technology-based<br />

startups. Start-up Brasil<br />

provides seed capital funds and<br />

encourages acc<strong>el</strong>erators to provide<br />

23. Leamon, A. y Lerner, J. 2012.<br />

Creating a Venture Ecosystem in Brazil:<br />

FINEP’s INOVAR Project. Harvard Business<br />

School Working Paper 12-099.<br />

.103

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