14.04.2015 Views

Untitled - avniR

Untitled - avniR

Untitled - avniR

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

Congrès International sur l’Analyse du Cycle de Vie Lille, Novembre 2011<br />

Lessons may be learned for other bulky foam and natural fibre furniture items such as car seats,<br />

office chairs and domestic sofas.<br />

Limitations<br />

The hybrid method means only GHG can be assessed as data on other indicators is not available.<br />

Data from Ecoinvent was not always from the same region in the world as the materials under<br />

investigation and did not always have the same processing stages.<br />

The selection process to remove IO data in order to avoid double counting and to remove errors<br />

due to aggregation problems was subjective.<br />

There is no sensitivity analysis shown here of the effect of logistical and technical problems that<br />

may reduce the yields of ethanol and electricity produced via CHP incineration.<br />

Further Research<br />

Additional end of life scenarios could be assessed to compare their relative GHG reductions such<br />

as landfill, recycling and reuse.<br />

Further mattress (and other furniture types) could be assessed.<br />

Other sustainability indicators may be assessed using more detailed process LCA.<br />

Acknowledgements<br />

Many thanks to the Stockholm Environment Institute at York for their help with the Hybrid method<br />

and IO tables. Input was greatly received from Dr Nigel Mortimer of North Energy Associates.<br />

References<br />

AFNOR 2006. Revision of the Community Eco Label Criteria for Bed Mattresses. European Commission.<br />

EUROPEAN COMMISSION 2001. Waste Management Options and Climate Change: Final Report. In:<br />

TECHNOLOGY, A. (ed.). Luxembourg.<br />

FAHD, S., FIORENTINO, G., MELLINO, S. & ULGIATI, S. 2011. Cropping bioenergy and biomaterials in<br />

marginal land: The added value of the biorefinery concept. Energy.<br />

GFK 2010. GfK ConsumerScope Beds & Mattresses Market Monitor. In: PANELS, G. N. R. (ed.). GfK<br />

NOP Research Panels.<br />

JEIHANIPOUR, A., KARIMI, K., NIKLASSON, C. & TAHERZADEH, M. J. 2010. A novel process for<br />

ethanol or biogas production from cellulose in blended-fibers waste textiles. Waste Management, 30,<br />

2504-2509.<br />

MACEDO, I. C., SEABRA, J. E. A. & SILVA, J. 2008. Green house gases emissions in the production and<br />

use of ethanol from sugarcane in Brazil: The 2005/2006 averages and a prediction for 2020. Biomass and<br />

Bioenergy, 32, 582-595.<br />

SUH, S. & HUPPES, G. 2005. Methods for Life Cycle Inventory of a product. Journal of Cleaner<br />

Production, 13, 687-697.<br />

WIEDMANN, T. O., SUH, S., FENG, K., LENZEN, M., ACQUAYE, A., SCOTT, K. & BARRETT, J. R. 2011.<br />

Application of Hybrid Life Cycle Approaches to Emerging Energy Technologies – The Case of Wind Power<br />

in the UK. Environmental Science & Technology, 45, 5900-5907.<br />

- 110 -

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!