sarCevi - Constitutional Court of Georgia
sarCevi - Constitutional Court of Georgia
sarCevi - Constitutional Court of Georgia
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72<br />
samuel isaSarovi<br />
yuradReba eTmoba politikur saqmianobaze dawesebuli SezRudvebis formebsa Tu<br />
im konkretul safrTxes, romlis wyaroc separatizmis, amboxebisa, Tu klerikaluri<br />
weswyobilebis mqadagebeli dajgufebaa. dabolos, mesame TavSi statia mimoixilavs<br />
im materialur da saproceso garantiebs, rac aucilebelia imis uzrunvelsay<strong>of</strong>ad,<br />
rom antidemokratiuli elementebis CaxSoba politikuri warmomavlobis CaxSobas<br />
ar gauTanaswordes. sabolood statiaSi keTdeba daskvna, rom im safrTxis CaxSobis<br />
mizani, romelic demokratiuli sa zogadoebis arsebobas eWvqveS ayenebs, unda emsaxurebodes<br />
demokratiis ganaxlebis imedebis ganxorcielebas ise, rom moqalaqeTa<br />
ufleba, uaryon TavianTi mmarTvelebi, SenarCunebulia.<br />
I. garicxva amerikulad<br />
winamdebare statia eqstremistuli jgufebidan momdinare safrTxis sapasuxo demokratiuli<br />
saxelmwifoebis reaqcias mimoixilavs da SeZlebisdagvarad ganaviTarebs<br />
antidemokratiuli mobilizaciebis CaxSobis saWiroebis Sefasebis garkveul<br />
normatiul principebs. qvemoT moyvanili msjelobidan mravali ram amerikul samar-<br />
TalSi pirveli Sesworebis principebs ar Seesabameba da, savaraudod, amerikuli sasamarTloebi<br />
qvemoT SemoTavazebuli da rekomendebuli RonisZiebebis umetesobas<br />
an SeiZleba arc erT maTgans ar gaiTvaliswineben. amerikul samarTalSi Sefasebis<br />
erT-erTi mniSvnelovani elementia aSkara da mimdinare safrTxis testi, romelic<br />
warmoiSva amerikul samarTalSive da asaxavs, Tu ras moimoqmedeben demokratiuli<br />
sazogadoebebi imis sapasuxod, rac maT arsebobas safrTxes uqadis (magaliTad,<br />
SeiaraRebuli amboxebulebi, militaristuli fraqciebi). marTalia, terminologia<br />
SeiZleba msgavsi iyos, umniSvnelovanesia im paralelebis sazRvrebis gacnobiereba,<br />
romlebic gadis, erTi mxriv, aSS-Si da, meore mxriv, sxva qveynebSi demokratias damuqrebul<br />
safrTxeebs Soris.<br />
doqtrinalurad, amerikuli samarTali, romelic Tavisuflad azris gamomxatvel<br />
antidemokratiul jgufebze dawesebul SezRudvebs aregulirebs, mosamarTleebis –<br />
holmsisa da brendaisis gansxvavebul da Tanmxvedr azrebSi Ca moyalibebuli aSkara<br />
da mimdinare safrTxis testidan ganviTarda 43 . es aris testi, romelic yvelaze sruly<strong>of</strong>ili<br />
redaqciiT brandenburgi ohaios winaaRmdeg saqmeze Camoyalibda 44 . Tavis<br />
per curiam mosazrebaSi brandenburgis saqmeze sasamarTlom daadgina, rom saxelmwifom<br />
ar SeiZleba „ar dauSvas an akrZalos Zalis gamoyenebis an kanonisadmi daumorCileblobis<br />
mowodeba, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca aseTi mowodeba mimarTulia<br />
43 ix., Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357, 374–76 (1927) (Brandeis, J., Tanmxvedri azri); Abrams v. United States, 250 U.S. 616, 627,<br />
630 (1919) (mosamarTle holmsis gansxvavebuli azri).<br />
44 395 U.S. 444 (1969) (per curiam).
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