sarCevi - Constitutional Court of Georgia
sarCevi - Constitutional Court of Georgia
sarCevi - Constitutional Court of Georgia
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myife demokratiebi<br />
gardauvali kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebis wasaqezeblad da, savaraudod, waaqezebs an<br />
warmoSobs aseT qmedebas~ 45<br />
holmsisa da brendaisis Cinebuli mosazrebebi sityvis Tavisuflebis Taobaze aer-<br />
Tianebs ritorikul Zalas da imis udavo SegrZnebas, rom isini drois msaxvrali<br />
ZaliT ar Seimusrnen. cxadia, saTanado pativi unda vceT instituciur rols, romelic<br />
sasamarTlo xelisuflebam unda Seasrulos rTul periodSi, roca samoqalaqo<br />
Tavisuflebebs safrTxe emuqreba. Tumca aRniSnulma mosazrebebma, romlebic<br />
Tavis droze uary<strong>of</strong>il iqna, SemdgomSi, rogorc amas JamTaaRmwerlis rudunebiT<br />
pr<strong>of</strong>esori jefri stouni iniSnavs, TandaTanobiT gabatonebuli adgili daikaves<br />
amerikul samarTalSi 46. brandenburgis testis Tanaxmad, didi prezumfciaa sityvis<br />
Tavisuflebis sasargeblod, prezumfcia, romelic SeiZleba mxolod gardauvalma<br />
pirdapirma zianma gadasZalos:<br />
„abstraqtuli swavleba... zneobrivad gamarTlebuli da TviT zneobrivad aucilebeli<br />
Zalisa da Zaladobis gamoyenebis Taobaze igive araa, rac jgufis momzadeba<br />
Zaladobrivi qmedebebis gansaxorcieleblad da aRniSnulis Casadenad waqezeba~. kanoni,<br />
romelic am gamy<strong>of</strong> zRvars ver avlebs, dauSveblad iWreba pirveli da meToTxmete<br />
SesworebiT garantirebul TavisuflebebSi 47 .<br />
mxolod maSin, rodesac zianis dadgomis varaudi dadasturebulia da akr-<br />
Zalvebi vrceldeba konkretul safrTxeze, xelisuflebis SezRudvebi SeiZleba<br />
gamarTldes.<br />
brandenburgis evoluciur gzaze, saqmeebma, romlebSic gasaCivrebuli iyo makartis<br />
epoqaSi komunisturi partiis wevrebis devna smitis aqtis Sesabamisad, holmsibrendaisis<br />
Sexedulebebi wamyvan doqtrinad aqcia. maTgan aRsaniSnavia wamyvani saqme<br />
denisi (Dennis) aSS-is winaaRmdeg 48. aSkara da imwuTieri safrTxis standarti, imisda<br />
miuxedavad, marTebulad iqna Tu ara igi denisis saqmeze gamoyenebuli, did mniSvnelobas<br />
aniWebs rogorc sityvis Tavisuflebas, rogorc aseTs da iTvaliswinebs<br />
arsebiT dabrkolebebs imwuTierebis dasamtkiceblad, vidre xelisuflebas moqmedebas<br />
daiwyebdes. faqtobrivad, denisis saqmeze ver iqna gansxvavebuli politikuri<br />
mRelvareba, romelic SeiZleba aikrZalos da is kategoria, romlis kriminalizaciac<br />
aris SesaZlebeli. aSkara da imwuTieri testi gulisxmobs, rom ar unda iyos sazRvari<br />
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqssa da sityvis Tavisuflebaze saxelmwifos mier dawesebul<br />
SezRudvebs Soris gavlebuli. ase magaliTad, denisis saqmeze gadawyvetilebis<br />
ganxilvisas pr<strong>of</strong>esori stouni akritikebs sasamarTlos, rom dauSva komunistur<br />
45 Id. gv. 447.<br />
46 ix., mag., Ge<strong>of</strong>frey R. Stone, Perilous Times: Free Speech in Wartime 395–411 (2004) (aRwers aSkara da mimdinare safrTxis<br />
testis wamyvan mniSvnelobas saqmeze denisi (Dennis) aSS-is winaaRmdeg, 341 U.S. 494 (1951)).<br />
47 Brandenburg, 395 U.S. gv. 447–48 (gamorCenilia originalSi) (citata ar aris moyvanili) (uTiTebs saqmeze noto<br />
(Noto) aSS-is winaaRmdeg, 367 U.S. 290, 297–98 (1961)).<br />
48 341 U.S. 494.<br />
73
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