winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, evrogaerTianebis biujetis gazrdili dafinansebapirdapir imoqmedebda germaniis biujetze. 1990-ian wlebamde germania mzad iyodamatebiTi Tanxebi exada saerTo agraruli politikis dasafinanseblad, Tumcamas Semdeg, rac aRmosavleT germaniasTan gaerTianda da qveynis SigniT resursebidasWirda, iZulebuli gaxda daTanxmeboda sap-is reformas.saerTo agraruli politikis reformas aseve daTanxmda safrangeTi Semdegimizezebis gamo:1) mudmivi sabiujeto deficitebi did krizisebs iwvevda evrogaerTianebisda safrangeTis masStabiT, rac socialuri ukmayofilebisTvis niadags qmnida;2) safrangeTs erCivna fasebis Semcireba, vidre kvotebis SemoReba, radgankvotis SemoReba arakonkurentunarians gaxdida bevr frangul fermas.safrangeTs kargad esmoda, rom mniSvnelovani iyo raRac gadawyveilebismiReba, radgan reformis Cavardnis SemTxvevaSi, savaraudod, moxdeboda agrarulproduqciaze kvotebis daweseba, rac Zalian uaryofiT gavlenas axdendasafrangeTis fermerebis konkurentunarianobaze.dRis wesrigi 2000 (Agenda 2000)kidev erTi reforma saerTo agrarulma politikam ganicada 2000 wlidan,rodesac miRebuli iqna Zalian ambiciuri programa — “dRis wesrigi 2000”, raciTvaliswinebda gaerTianebis momzadebas gafarToebisadmi. gafarToebis dRiswesrigSi dadgomam 90-<strong>iani</strong> <strong>wlebis</strong> SuaSi kidev erTxel wamowia sap-is reforma,radgan naTeli gaxda, rom axali, metwilad agraruli qveynebis, evrokavSirSiSesvla gamoiwvevda gadauWrel problemebs.1995 wels germaniam, safrangeTma da xmelTaSuazRvis qveynebma ganacxades,rom ar dauSvebdnen axali xuTi saxelmwifos (CexeTi, poloneTi, ungreTi,slovakeTi da bulgareTi) agraruli eqsportis wovelwliur 10-procentianzrdas da mxolod 5%-ze iyvnen yabuls. am gancxadebis dafiqsirebis SemdegaSkarad gamoCnda, rom am qveynebs ar surdaT TavianTi fermerebis gabrazeba.1999 wels evrokavSirma miaRwia SeTanxmeba amerikasTan, rom orivegaagrZelebda marcvleulis da mesaqonle fermerebis subsidirebas 2003 wlamde.es daxmareba unda yofiliyo im fermerebisTvis, romlebic ar daarRvevdnenwarmoebis da konkurenciis wesebs. aseve moqmedebas iwyebda naadrevi pensiebissistema, miwis gamosyidva da sxva RonisZiebebi, romlebic mimarTuli iyofermerebis raodenobis Semcirebisken.Agenda 2000 SemuSavebuli iqna 1999 wlis 26 marts berlinis evropuli sabWos mier.igi warmoadgens samoqmedo gegmas, romlis mTavari mizania gaZlierdes gaerTianebissxvadasxva politikis mimarTulebebi Seiqmnas axali, ufro efeqturi finansuriinstrumenti. Agenda 2000 exeba evrokavSiris politikis TiTqmis yvela mimarTulebas,soflis meurneobis TvalsazrisiT gagrZelebuli iqna moqmedeba im principebismixedviT, romlebic gamoiyenes 1988 da 1992 wlebSi. aseve, gansakuTrebuli yuradRebamieqca ekologiur sakiTxebs. dRis wesrigi 2000-is mixedviT agraruli politikisreforma Semdegi mTavari sakiTxebis garSemo aigo:- fasebis momdevno Semcireba;- soflis ganviTarebis da pirdapiri gadaxdebis sistema SenarCuneba;.- soflis ganviTarebis gardaqmna saerTo agraruli politikis erT-erTmniSvnelovan sayrdenad (gaxda meore sayrdeni);- struqturuli da Serwymis fondebis efeqturobis zrda;- gawevrianebis wina struqturuli instrumentis (ISPA - pre-accession structuralinstrument) da gawevrianebis wina agraruli instrumentis (SAPARD - preaccessionagricultural instrument) sruli amoqmedeba;- axali finansuri instrumentis miReba 2000-2006 <strong>wlebis</strong>Tvis.saerTo agraruli politikis reformis Teoriebisaintereso sakiTxia agraruli politikis reformebis Teoriul CarCoebSimoqceva da ganzogadebis Semdeg daskvnebis gamotana imis Taobaze, Tu romelifaqtorebi da moqmedi pirebi (aqtorebi) ufro met gavlenas axdenen agraruli44
politikis reformaze. SevexoT or aseT Teoriul monaxazs — interesTa jgufebisgavlenis Teorias da institucionalur Teorias.interesTa jgufebis gavlena sap-is reformazees Teoria agebulia Semdegi postulatebis garSemo:- amomrCevlebi, rogorc wesi, ver axdenen TavianTi interesebis organizebas.amomrCevlebi arian “racionalurad umecrebi”. imisaTvis, rom mosaxleobam, ufrokonkretulad ki raRac saerTo saqmeSi dasaqmebulma mosaxleobis nawilma ukeTCamoayalibos sakuTari interesebi, aucilebelia interesTa jgufebis arseboba;- interesTa jgufebi mniSvnelovania, imitom rom maT xeli miuwvdebaTsaxelmwifo da evropul institutebze. saxelmwifo da evropul donezelobirebiT maT SeuZliaT gaataron is interesebi, romelTac CveulebriviamomrCevlebi ver daicaven;- interesTa jgufi qmnis e.w. policy community-s: am erTobis wevrobaSezRudulia, radgan soflis meurneobis sakiTxebSi eqspertebis raodenobaSemoifargleba ramdenime saxelmwifo institutiT da profesiuli gaerTianebiT,romlebic qmnian kidec am erTobas; policy community-s wevrebs xSiri urTierTobaaqvT erTmaneTTan, rac amyarebs maT Soris urTierTndobas da iZleva saSualebasmolaparakebis dros iolad iqnes konsensusi miRweuli;- interesTa jgufebs SeuZlia lobireba or doneze: saxelmwifo da evropuldoneebze;- mniSvnelovania iseTi pan-evropuli organizaciis roli, rogoricaaagraruli profesionaluri organizaciebis komiteti — (COPA - Comite desOrganisations Profesionelles Agricoles). es komiteti xSirad gadamwyvet rols TamaSobsTavisi eqspertizis da lobirebis instrumentebis siZlieris gamo.instituciuri sistemis gavlena sap-is reformaze- agraruli politikis sferoSi CarTuli mTavari aqtorebis qcevas da saerToagraruli politikis reformas ganapirobebs evrokavSiris instituciurimowyoba. mniSvnelovani gadawyvetilebebi miiReba institutebis da arainteresTa jgufebis mier, Sesabamisad, agraruli politikis reformainstituciuri TeoriiT ukeT aixsneba;- gadawyvetilebis mimRebi mTavari organo evrokavSirSi aris soflismeurneobis ministrTa sabWo. mis qvemoT mdebareobs soflis meurneobisspecialuri komiteti, romelic daaxloebiT igive funqciebs asrulebs,rasac koreperi sxva sabWoebisTvis;- komisia akontrolebs sabWos dRis wesrigs; aseve mniSvnelovania komisiisroli reformebis inicirebisas;- mniSvnelovania evropuli sabWos roli agraruli politikis reformirebisas.sxvadasxva sabWoebs Soris koordinaciis naklebobis gamo evropuli sabWo 1984da 1988 wlebSi erT-erTi yvelaze aqtiuri instituti iyo. evropuli sabWosroli gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani iyo imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom <strong>80</strong>-ian wlebSiiseT mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze gadawyvetilebis miReba, rogoric soflismeurneobis politikaa, SesaZlebeli iyo mxolod maRali rangis saxelmwifomoxeleebis — prezidentebis da mTavrobis meTaurebis mier;- am mimdinareobis sasargeblod metyvelebs is faqtic, rom soflismeurneobis reforma, rogorc wesi, iwyeba komisiaSi (kanonproeqtisinicireba) da mTavrdeba ministrTa sabWoSi (iRebs saboloo kanons);garda institutebisa, calke SeiZleba gamoiyos wevri-saxelmwifoebis rolireformirebis sakiTxebis dros. samTavrobaTaSoriso, anu realisturiTeoriis mTavar argumentebac SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnes Semdegi ori:1. agraruli politikis nebismieri reformis dros safrangeTis da germaniistandemi gadamwyvet rols TamaSobda;2. ministrTa da evropul sabWoebSi Sedian wevri-saxelmwifoebis warmomadgenlebi,Sesabamisad, es institutebi warmoadgenen erovnuli interesebisWidilis poligons.45
- Page 4 and 5: leqcia 1evrokavSiris istoriuli ganv
- Page 6: am process xeli Seuwyo 1954 wels go
- Page 9 and 10: axali mwarmoebelis gamoCenis Sedega
- Page 11 and 12: miRebis procesi TiTqmis ori weli ga
- Page 13 and 14: leqcia 2evrokavSiris institucionalu
- Page 15: mTavrobebi axdenen erTmaneTis saSin
- Page 18 and 19: xmis micemis wesi sabWoSi.sabWo gad
- Page 20 and 21: Sekaveba ar unda iyos mizezi, rac x
- Page 22 and 23: cxrili I. saqmis warmoeba sabWoSimi
- Page 26 and 27: gadawyvetilebis miRebis meqanizmebi
- Page 28 and 29: evrokomisiis aRmasrulebeli funqcieb
- Page 30 and 31: TvalsazrisiT da ara realurad dablok
- Page 32 and 33: The young women expressed concern a
- Page 34 and 35: - mas ar aqvs saboloo ufleba Tqvas
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- Page 40 and 41: SemoReba), Tumca amas didi gavlena
- Page 43: evrogaerTianebis saxelmwifoebi, rom
- Page 47 and 48: gamoyeneba, raTa SeenarCunebinaT er
- Page 49 and 50: omelic ZalaSi Sevida 1987 wels. ami
- Page 51 and 52: - TeTri wigni, romelsac daeyrdno sa
- Page 53 and 54: komisari, gamoaqveyna moxseneba, sa
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- Page 57 and 58: 1993 wlis reformis debulebebikoncen
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- Page 61 and 62: protestSi (1983-84 zamTari), romels
- Page 63 and 64: ogorc wesi, samuSao jgufebi Sedgeba
- Page 65 and 66: leqcia 9evropis sagareo da usafrTxo
- Page 67 and 68: parlamentma unda moawyos yovelwliur
- Page 69 and 70: sent maloSive safrangeTma da britan
- Page 71 and 72: “regularulad informirebuli” ssu
- Page 73 and 74: mZRvanelon operaciebs, romelic Cata
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- Page 77 and 78: saqarTvelosaTvis da ramdenad wingad
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- Page 81 and 82: sabWosa da evropis parlamentSi, ras
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- Page 85 and 86: Sergi KapanadzeEUROPEAN UNION POLIT
- Page 87 and 88: 3) European CommissionIn this chapt
- Page 89 and 90: Then we talk about the reform of th
- Page 91 and 92: Then we discuss articles K1-K9 of t
- Page 93 and 94: In the end we take a look at the st