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⎧⎪ 2x + λ(2x + y) + 2µx = 0 ⎨2y + λ(2y + x) + 2µy = 0 2z − 2λz = 0 ⎪⎩ x2 + y2 + xy − z2 = 1 x2 + y2 = 1 z 2 = xy z = 0 λ = 1 z = 0 xy = 0 x = 0 y = 0 x = y = 0 x = 0 y = ±1 y = 0 x = ±1 (±1, 0, 0) (0, ±1, 0) λ = 1 2(x − y) + (x − y) + 2µ(x − y) = 0 (3 + 2µ)(x − y) = 0 x = y µ = −3/2 x = y z = ±x x = y = ± √ 2/2 ( √ 2/2, √ 2/2, ± √ 2/2) (− √ 2/2, − √ 2/2, ± √ 2/2) µ = −3/2 λ = 1 2(x + y) + 3(x + y) − 3x = 0 2x = −5y x, y z 2 = xy (±1, 0, 0) (0, ±1, 0) ( √ 2/2, √ 2/2, ± √ 2/2) (− √ 2/2, − √ 2/2, ± √ 2/2) f(±1, 0, 0) = f(0, ±1, 0) = 1 f( √ 2/2, √ 2/2, ± √ 2/2) = f(− √ 2/2, − √ 2/2, ± √ 2/2) = 3/2 (±1, 0, 0) (0, ±1, 0) f(x, y) = √ ye−x2−y2 x2 + (y − 1) 2 ≤ 1} D := {(x, y) ∈ R 2 : f D f D f(x, y) ≥ 0 f(x, y) = 0 y = 0 D y = 0 O(0, 0) f(x, y) = √ ye−x2e−y2 ≤ √ ye−y2 = f(0, y) g(y) = √ ye−y2 0 ≤ y ≤ 2 g ′ (y) = e −y2 1 2 √ − 2y3/2 = y e−y2 2 √ y (1 − 4y2 ), ]0, 2[ y = 1/2 g(0) = 0 < g(2) = √ 2e −4 √ 2 < g(1/2) = 2 e−1/4 , y = 1/2 g [0, 2] (0, 1/2) f D D f ∇f(x, y) = −2x √ ye −x2 −y 2 , e−x2 −y 2 2 √ y − 2y3/2 e −x2 −y 2 D y > 0 x = 0 y = 1/2 f ⎛ ⎞ Hess f(x, y) = ⎝ 4e−x2 −y2 x2√y − 2e−x2−y2√ y 4e−x2−y2 xy3/2 − e−x2 −y 2 √ x y 4e−x2−y2 xy3/2 − e−x2 −y 2 √ x y 4e−x2−y2 y5/2 − 4e−x2−y2√ y − e−x2 −y 2 4y3/2 Hess f(0, 1/2) = √ 2 − 4√ 0 e 0 − 2√2 4√ e . . ⎠ ,
√ 2 (0, 1/2) f f(0, 1/2) = 2 e−1/4 D x = cos t y = sin t + 1 t ∈ [0, 2π[ h(t) := f(cos t, sin t + 1) = e −2(sin(t)+1) sin(t) + 1. h ′ (t) = − e−2(sin(t)+1) (4 sin(t) + 3) cos(t) 2 . sin(t) + 1 cos t = 0 t = π/2, 3π/2 sin t = −3/4 t (0, 0) (0, 2) (± √ 7/4, 1/4) f(0, 0) = 0 f(0, 2) = √ 2e−4 f(± √ 7/4, 1/4) = e−1/2 √ 2 /2 f(0, 1/2) = 2 e−1/4 (0, 0) (0, 1/2)
Page 3 and 4:
R R n
Page 5:
2 × 2 SO(
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R a
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R F G R F G ¯ F ⊇ G
Page 14 and 15:
R n x, y ∈ Rn x = (x1, ...
Page 17 and 18:
(X, τ) D ⊆ X X
Page 19 and 20:
f : D → R D ⊆ Rn γ : [
Page 21:
A =]0, +∞[×]0, +∞[ f : A →
Page 24 and 25:
lim (x,y)→(0,0) (x,y)=(0,0) |xy|
Page 26 and 27:
E E E f −1 ([1, +∞[)
Page 28 and 29: s ↦→ 1 − e −s s ≥ 0 1
Page 30 and 31: Fn : [0, +∞[→ R Fn(ρ) = 2n ρ
Page 33 and 34: I =]a, b[ R {fn}n∈N fn : I
Page 35: K [0, +∞[ R > 0 B(0, R) ⊇
Page 38 and 39: an = 0 n = 2k an = 4/(πn2 ) n
Page 40 and 41: 5 1 18 = + 2 4 π2 ∞ n=0 ∞ n=0
Page 43 and 44: g(x) := x(π−x) x ∈ [0, π]
Page 45 and 46: X Y T : X → Y T ℓ >
Page 47 and 48: X K E X a, b ∈ R f : E × [a
Page 49 and 50: |f(x, y)| ≤ log(1 + 3y
Page 51 and 52: (x, y) ∈ R 2 xy =
Page 53 and 54: X, Y D ⊆ X f : D → Y u ∈
Page 55 and 56: H A 2 × 2 λ 2
Page 57: (2kπ, π/2+2hπ) (π+2kπ, 3π/2+2
Page 60 and 61: ∂xf(x, y, z) = −2 cos x sin x =
Page 62 and 63: (0, 0) f : R 2 → R f(x, y) =
Page 65 and 66: α ∈ R (0, 0) f(x, y) = 2
Page 67: Cα > 0 α /∈ [−1/2, −1/4]
Page 70 and 71: x = cos θ y = sin θ θ ∈ [−π
Page 72 and 73: γ(t) = (t, 1/t) t → ±∞ L(x
Page 74 and 75: ⎧ ⎪⎨ 1 + λ(2x − 2) = 0, 1
Page 76 and 77: f(x, y) = x 2 + y 2 V = {(x, y)
Page 81 and 82: R 2 D ⊆ R 2 f : D → R (x0,
Page 83 and 84: x = 1 y = −1 z = 2 y z
Page 85: ⎛ 1 ⎜ 3 F (m1, m2, p1, p2) =
Page 88 and 89: k = 3√ 4 ξ ζ
Page 90 and 91: x = ρ cos θ y = ρ sin θ ρ 2 (
Page 92 and 93: f(x, y, z) = ez+x2 f + αx + y
Page 94 and 95: ϕ(1) = 0 ϕ ′ (1) = − ∂xf(1
Page 96 and 97: y 3 − xy 2 + x 2 y = x − x 3
Page 98 and 99: X = {(ρ, θ) ∈ R 2 : ρ > 0, 0 <
Page 100 and 101: arcsin sin θ = θ θ ∈] − π
Page 102 and 103: I R r : I → Rd γ µ : r
Page 104 and 105: γ lunghezza(γ) = |r ′ (θ)|
Page 106 and 107: p = 2 |(x, y)| −p dx dy = R 2 \B
Page 108 and 109: ρ 3 cos θ = aρ 2 (cos 2 θ − s
Page 111 and 112: Γ := {(x, y) ∈ R 2 : (x 2 + y 2
Page 113 and 114: x Γ Q2 Q3 x Γ \
Page 115 and 116: (x 2 + y 2 )(y 2 + x(x + 1)) = 4xy
Page 117 and 118: 4 ±1, ±2, ±4 ±1, ±2 4
Page 119 and 120: −2 + 8t − 4t 2 t = 1/2(2
Page 121 and 122: a ∈ R R 2 (x 2 + y 2 ) 3 = 4
Page 123: (x 2 + y 2 ) 3 = 4x 2 y 2
Page 127 and 128: a > 0 x = at at2 , y = . 1
Page 129:
cos(π − α) = − cos(α) π/4
Page 132 and 133:
I := F · ˆn dσ ˆn Σ =
Page 134 and 135:
S ψ(x, y) = (ψ1, ψ2, ψ3) = (
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C = {(x, y, z) : (x, y) ∈ D, λ <
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ˆn = ∇G = ((∇G)1, (∇G)2, (
Page 140 and 141:
2π 0 cos θ sin θ dθ = 1 2 2π
Page 142 and 143:
L − F · ˆn dσ = − L− √
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K ⊆ R n χK : R n → {0, 1}
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f [1, +∞[ [0, 1] [0
Page 149 and 150:
f α k = 1 x α + k α , sα n = n
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D R X n 1 1 X C ℓ
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γ2(1/2) = (1/8, 3/4) γ2(1) = (0,
Page 155 and 156:
C = −B ∂yu(x, y) = C/x 1 + y2 y
Page 157 and 158:
dy N(x, y) = − dx M(x, y) N M
Page 159 and 160:
2xy dx + (x 2 + 1) dy = 0 (x 2 + y
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x − c = arcsin(2y − 1) 0 < y
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h(x, y) = 1/(|x| √ x2 − 1)
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˙x = e t−x /x x(α) = 1 α ∈ R
Page 168 and 169:
˙x = x 2 /(1 − tx) x(0) = α α
Page 170 and 171:
y ′′′ − 6y ′′ + 11y ′
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c ′ 1 (x) cos x + c′ 2 (x) sin
Page 175 and 176:
y ′ + y 1 x = tan x sin x y ′
Page 177 and 178:
λ 2 − 4λ − 5 = 0, A
Page 179 and 180:
F (x, y, ˙y) = 0, F : A → R A
Page 181 and 182:
F (x, y, p) = 0 c = 0 dy = p dx
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y = xy ′ + f(y ′ ) F (x, y, p
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y → 0 −∞
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x > 0 x y = ± 1 + x x < 0
Page 191 and 192:
[0, π] utt + 2ut − uxx = 0,
Page 193 and 194:
e |uk(x, t)| = C −t sin( 4k(1
Page 195:
∞ n=1 bne −x sin nx = x(
Page 198 and 199:
T ˙ Tn(t) = −5n 2 Tn(t) Tn(
Page 200 and 201:
⎧ −utt + 3uxx = 0 ]0, π[×]0,
Page 202 and 203:
∆ = 0 λ = −1 µ1 = µ2 = −
Page 204 and 205:
x = cos θ y = sin θ F F (co
Page 206 and 207:
I := arctan y dx − xy dy γ γ
Page 208 and 209:
f(ρ) f ′ (ρ) = 4ρ3 + 36ρ 8
Page 210 and 211:
Jac ϕ(θ, y) = ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ − y
Page 212 and 213:
z = (x, y) ˙z = Az + B(t)
Page 214 and 215:
Q0 Q2 Q1 Q1
Page 216 and 217:
˙x = t − x 2 x(0) = a a ∈ R
Page 219 and 220:
2π xt sin t F (x) = e dt x ∈ R
Page 221 and 222:
xz 3 dx dy dz, T T y
Page 223 and 224:
α > 0 lim (x,y)→(0,0) (x,y)=(0,0
Page 225 and 226:
F (0, 1) = 0 ∂yF (x, y) = 3y 2
Page 227 and 228:
(u + v) D 2 + (u − v) 2 1 + 2(u2
Page 229 and 230:
α = = 2 3 π. 2π 0
Page 231 and 232:
F D z = 0 (0,
Page 233 and 234:
y ′ = 2xy − x y(0) = 3/2
Page 235 and 236:
Γ f(x, y) = 0 f : R 2 → R
Page 237 and 238:
∇f(x0, y0) = (0, 0) (x0, y0)
Page 239 and 240:
ϕ : I ×J → R 3 I, J R
Page 241 and 242:
ψ(a, t) = ψ(b, t) t ∈]c, d[
Page 243 and 244:
[
Page 245 and 246:
Y K Ω R × Ω I R f :
Page 247 and 248:
1 ω(x, y) = M(x, y) dx + N(x, y)
Page 249 and 250:
M(x, y) dx + N(x, y) dy = 0 1 M, N
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x, y z dy dz
Page 254 and 255:
f(x) = N(x) Ak1 = + D(x) x − xk
Page 256 and 257:
Φ y ′ = A(t) y ′ = A(t)
Page 258 and 259:
det P = 4 √ 7 = 0 P −1 AP
Page 260 and 261:
y ′′ (t) + py ′ (t) + qy(t) =
Page 262 and 263:
y(0) = c1 + d1 = 1 ˙y(t) = (−c1
Page 264 and 265:
a ′ x + b ′ y + c ′ = 0
Page 266 and 267:
η2 g g(η) > 0 y0 < η <
Page 269 and 270:
2 × 2 F ∈ R[x] n
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2 × 2 t ↦→ x(
Page 274 and 275:
∆ < 0 α = −d 2c ω = √ |
Page 276 and 277:
a = 0 b = 0 c = 0 ⎧ ⎪⎨ b
Page 279 and 280:
SO(3) U(3) := {O ∈
Page 281:
SO(3) Aξ = ω × ξ ξ
Page 284 and 285:
x 2 + y 2 = 1 x 2 − y 2 = 1
Page 286 and 287:
1 arcsin(x) + x − x2 dx = √ 1
Page 288 and 289:
z 1 + cos z cos = ± 2 2 z 1
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