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294 69 77; qronikaqronika@gmail.com<br />
skolebSi bulings?!<br />
ebaTa swavlebis mimarTulebiT;<br />
(d) moswavleTa codna, damokidebulebebi<br />
da unarebi adamianis<br />
uflebebis Sesaxeb;<br />
(e) moswavleTaTvis informaciis<br />
wyaroebi da resursebze wvdoma<br />
adamianis uflebaTa swavlebis<br />
mimarTulebiT;<br />
(z) saskolo garemo adamianis<br />
uflebaTa midgomebis WrilSi.<br />
kvlevam aCvena xarvezebisa da<br />
problemebis arseboba zemoT<br />
CamoTvlil yvela mimarTulebiT,<br />
maT Soris, saskolo garemos<br />
kuTxiT. saskolo garemoSi, sxva<br />
sakiTxebTan erTad, moiazreba<br />
Cagvrisa da Zaladobis sakiTxi<br />
skolebSi, Tumca aRniSnulis gamomwvevi<br />
mizezebis dadgena ar<br />
warmoadgenda mocemuli kvlevis<br />
mizans. adamianis uflebaTa ganaTleba<br />
korelaciaSia Zaladobisa<br />
da Seuwynareblobis SemTxvevebTan,<br />
es aris erT-erTi faqtori,<br />
Tumca ara erTaderTi. aRniSnulis<br />
kvleva saWiroebs multidisciplinur<br />
midgomasa da<br />
mravali faqtoris gaanalizebas,<br />
xolo mocemuli kvleva Semoifargleba<br />
bulingisa da Cagvris<br />
procentuli maCveneblis, tipologiis,<br />
Cagvris meTodebisa<br />
da safuZvlebis identificirebiT.<br />
saskolo garemos kvlevisas<br />
gaanalizda: skolis administraciis<br />
meqanizmebi Cagvris Sem-<br />
TxvevaTa regulirebis sferoSi,<br />
romliTac gamoikveTa Semdegi<br />
problemebi:<br />
• formalizmi _ zogierTi<br />
sakiTxi gawerilia procedureb-<br />
Si, Tumca amas formaluri xasiaTi<br />
aqvs (saskolo garemos meSveobiT<br />
adamianis ufebaTa swavlebis<br />
dabali maCvenebeli;<br />
• am procedurebis arsebobis<br />
Sesaxeb naklebi informirebuloba;<br />
• dabali ndoba moswavleebSi<br />
procedurebiT da saskolo wesebiT<br />
sakuTari uflebebis realizebis<br />
Taobaze.<br />
diskomforti skolaSi sxvadasxva<br />
maxasiaTeblis gamo:<br />
• genderuli identobis, eTnikur-religiuri<br />
kuTvnilebisa<br />
da enis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri<br />
mdgomareobis, garegnobis,<br />
seqsualuri orientaciis,<br />
akademiuri moswrebis gamo diskomfortis/arasasurvelobis<br />
Sesaxeb miuTiTebs gamokiTxul-<br />
Ta arcTu umniSvnelo nawili _<br />
31.2%;<br />
• moswavleTa am jgufis meoTxedi<br />
(25%) arasasurvelad/<br />
arakomfortulad yofnis 1-3<br />
mizezs asaxelebs;<br />
• moswavleTa garkveuli nawilis<br />
deklarirebuli da realuri<br />
mosazrebebi gansxvavdeba<br />
erTmaneTisgan, magaliTad, moswavleebi,<br />
romlebic uTiTeben,<br />
rom „skolaSi yofna sasiamovnoa”,<br />
amave dros, aRiareben diskomfortis/arasasurvelobis<br />
SegrZnebas<br />
akademiuri moswrebis (82<br />
skolebSi bulings?!<br />
SemTxveva), garegnobis (69 SemTxveva),<br />
sqesis (40 SemTxveva), socialuri<br />
mdgomareobis (27 SemTxveva),<br />
aRmsareblobisa da rwmenis<br />
(26 SemTxveva), eTnikuri kuTvnilebis<br />
(25 SemTxveva), seqsualuri<br />
orientaciis (15 SemTxveva);<br />
moswavleTa Cagvra da dacinva<br />
sxvadasxva mizeziT:<br />
rasobrivi/eTnokulturuli<br />
kuTvnilebis gamo _ 20%, seqsualuri<br />
orientaciis gamo _ 12.1%,<br />
sqesobrivi kuTvnilebis gamo _<br />
14.9%, religiuri kuTvnilebis<br />
gamo _ 18.2%, SezRuduli Sesa-<br />
Zleblobis gamo _ 19.7%, socialuri<br />
statusisa Tu mdgomareobis<br />
gamo _ 22.7, gamokiTxul<br />
moswavleTa 49.3% miuTiTebs,<br />
rom Tavad gamxdara bulingis<br />
msxverpli; sxva moswavleebis<br />
bulingis SemTxvevaze aRniSnavs<br />
SedarebiT meti moswavle _<br />
60.4%.<br />
`bulingi aris Zaladobis erT-erTi forma,<br />
romelic ZiriTadad skolebSi gvxvdeba.<br />
bulingi aris adamianisTvis zianis miyenebis<br />
mcdeloba, ganmeorebiT Cadenili negatiuri<br />
qmedeba, romelic iwvevs fizikur Tu<br />
fsiqologiur travmas. bulingi erTgvar<br />
socialur movlenas warmoadgens, romelic<br />
specialistebis mtkicebiT, ZiriTadad,<br />
damaxasiaTebelia organizebul bavSvTa<br />
koleqtivisTvis, pirvel rigSi, es aris skola.<br />
bavSvTa sazogadoebaSi Zaladobis msxverpli<br />
SeiZleba gaxdes nebismieri mozardi, Tumca<br />
bulingis msxverplni ufro metad xdebian<br />
raime niSniT gansxvavebuli bavSvebi, iqneba es<br />
fizikuri Tu fsiqologiuri, eTnikuri Tu<br />
religiuri... bulingis motivacia<br />
sxvadasxvagvaria: SurisZieba, konkurencia,<br />
miuRebloba, morCileba...~<br />
kvlevam aCvena, rom bulingis<br />
SemTxvevebi ufro metia did kontingentian<br />
skolebSi, mcire zomis<br />
skolebTan SedarebiT, aseve<br />
kerZo skolebSi moswavleebi usafrTxo<br />
garemoze ufro metad<br />
miuTiTeben, vidre es sajaro<br />
skolebis SemTxvevaSia.<br />
moswavleTa mier bulingis<br />
SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb saubris ma-<br />
Rali procentuli maCveneblis<br />
sapirispirod, skolebis administracia<br />
cdilobs uaryos Cagvrisa<br />
da dacinvis faqtebi skola-<br />
Si (95-99%).<br />
mandaturis samsaxuris efeqtianobis<br />
Seswavlas ar moicavda<br />
mocemuli kvleva, Tumca moswavleTaTvis<br />
SekiTxvaze, Tu ra moimoqmedes,<br />
rodesac Cagvris Sem-<br />
Txvevebis Sesaxeb Seityves _ mandaturisTvis<br />
an mSoblisTvis<br />
informaciis miwodebis Taobaze<br />
miuTiTa gamokiTxul moswavle-<br />
Ta (sul 960 moswavle) 9.8%-ma,<br />
xolo maTgan, vinc Tavad gaxda<br />
bulingis msxverpli, amis Sesaxeb<br />
mSobels an mandaturs acnoba<br />
4.7%-ma”.<br />
kvlevam aseve gamosca garkveuli<br />
rekomendaciebi, romelic<br />
gulisxmobs mandaturis institutis<br />
gaZlierebas, aseve moswavleebisa<br />
da pedagogebis cnobierebis<br />
amaRlebas bulingis Temaze,<br />
skolebis administraciis<br />
mier, adamianis uflebaTa Selaxvis<br />
SemTxvevebze reagirebis wesebisa<br />
da sanqciebis SemuSavebas.<br />
saxalxo damcvelis aparati<br />
gegmavs sakoordinacio rolis<br />
Sesrulebas sxvadasxva uwyebis<br />
CarTulobiT, zemoaRniSnuli<br />
rekomendaciebis Sesrulebis mxardaWeris<br />
mizniT.<br />
bulingi Zaladobis gansakuTrebiT<br />
saziano formaa da skolebSi<br />
aucilebelia prevenciuli<br />
programebis SemoReba. aseve sa-<br />
Wiroa skolebSi Zaladobis uwyveti<br />
monitoringi. mizanSewonilia<br />
skolis fsiqologebis rolis<br />
gazrda da gadamzadeba, romelTac<br />
unda SeeZloT adekvaturi<br />
mxardaWeris gaweva Zaladobis<br />
msxverplTaTvis.<br />
- rogoria bulingis gavlena<br />
mozardebze?<br />
- ra konkretuli meqanizmiT<br />
SeiZleba moswavleebis dacva am<br />
mZime problemisgan?<br />
„qronika+~ am sakiTxebze esaubreba<br />
arasamTavrobo orga-<br />
nizacia partnioroba adamianis<br />
uflebebisTvis iurist ana Tav-<br />
xeliZes:<br />
„yvelaze xSirad skolebSi bulingis<br />
mizezi xdeba sazogadoebaSi<br />
cnobierebis dabali done.<br />
bavSvebi qcevas swavloben ufrosebisgan.<br />
rodesac isini xedaven,<br />
rom ojaxSi siZulvilis eniT<br />
saubroben, ufrosebi erTmaneTs<br />
Cagraven, maswavlebeli diskriminaciul<br />
midgomebs amJRavnebs<br />
maT Soris bavSvebisadmi da a. S.,<br />
maTTvis misaReb qcevad aRiqmeba<br />
sxvisi daCagvra da SemdgomSi<br />
Tavadac igives akeTeben.<br />
samwuxarod, saxelmwifos jer<br />
ar aqvs bulingisgan dacvisa da<br />
prevenciis meqanizmi. amitom bavSvebi<br />
mindobilni arian konkretuli<br />
maswavleblis, mandaturis<br />
an mSoblis gulisxmierebas, rom<br />
isini pirvel rigSi SeamCneven da<br />
Semdeg saTanado zomebs gaatareben.<br />
es xdeba albaT Zalian mcire<br />
SemTxvevaSi.<br />
mandaturs SeuZlia didi roli<br />
iTamaSos bulinigs winaaRmdeg<br />
brZolaSi, mxolod im SemTxvevaSi<br />
Tu mas aqvs saTanado codna<br />
da unar-Cvevebi.<br />
ramdenadac CvenTvis cnobilia,<br />
ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis<br />
saministro muSaobs am sakiTxze,<br />
Tumca konkretul Sedegebs,<br />
jerjerobiT, ver vxedavT. bulingis<br />
problema swrafad ver mogvardeba,<br />
amas sWirdeba sxvadasxva<br />
uwyebis koordinebuli muSaoba.<br />
upirveles yovlisa, kompetenturi<br />
unda iyos yvela is piri,<br />
visac Semxebloba aqvs bavSvTan,<br />
gansakuTrebiT saganmanaTleblo<br />
dawesebulebebSi. kompetencia<br />
gulisxmobs rogorc saTanado<br />
codnisa da unar-Cvevebis flobas,<br />
aseve mgrZnobiare damokidebulebas.<br />
magaliTad, Tu maswavlebeli<br />
Tavad amJRavnebs diskriminaciul<br />
midgomas, is ver<br />
moaxdens bulingis faqtze sa-<br />
Tanado reagirebas”.<br />
bulingi _ saskolo oini Tu<br />
kompleqsuri problema, romelic<br />
yuradRebasa da reagirebas<br />
saWiroebs?<br />
dava am Zireul sakiTxebze<br />
dRemde aqtualuria, Sedegebi ki<br />
sakmaod sagangaSo da saxifaToc<br />
ki xdeba.<br />
sanam sazogadoebis nawili<br />
imaze msjelobs, aris Tu ara<br />
bulingi problema mozardebis<br />
garemocvaSi, yoveldRiurad izrdeba<br />
skolebSi Zaladobis faqtebi,<br />
samomavlo perspeqtiva ki<br />
am kuTxiT arc ise saxarbieloa.<br />
N22 (243) 3.07-9.07.2018 w.<br />
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