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104 CHAPTER 3. TERRESTRIAL SYSTEMS References Braun, H. 2006. A new hypothesis for the 1470-year cycle of abrupt warming events in the last ice-age. PhD Thesis, <strong>Universität</strong> Heidelberg. Leidenberger, P., Oswald, B., & Roth, K. 2006. Efficient reconstruction of dispersive dielectric profiles using time domain reflectrometry (TDR). Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 10, 209–232. Rezanezhad, F, Vogel, H.-J., & Roth, K. 2006. Experimental study of fingered flow through initially dry sand. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 3, 2595–2620. Schneider, Klaus. 2005. Novel evaporation experiment to determine soil hydraulic properties. diploma thesis, <strong>Universität</strong> Heidelberg. Schneider, Klaus, Ippisch, Olaf, & Roth, Kurt. 2006. Novel evaporation experiment to determine soil hydraulic properties. 10, 817–827.
3.2. ICE AND CLIMATE 105 3.2 Ice and Climate Dietmar Wagenbach Group members Thomas Gölzhäuser, diploma student Felix Jahn, diploma student Dipl. Phys. C. Offermann Dipl. Phys. B. May, PhD student Dipl. Phys. M. Pettinger, PhD student Dipl. Phys. M. Schock, PhD student D. Wagenbach, head of group Figure 3.8: Drilling camp at Colle Gnifetti (Monte Rosa 4500 m a.s.l.). From left to right: drill shelter, Zumsteinspitze and Dufour Spitze (4634 m a.s.l.). Picture: Olaf Eisen Main methods and specific objectives Among all paleo-archives, only non-temperated glaciers basically allow the reconstruction of climate as well as of environmental records. Appropriate ice core studies may thus allow to tackle the crucial problem about the mutual relationships between changes of climate and bio-geochemical cycles through a retrospective approach. In this context, the ’Ice and Climate’ group concentrates on ice core investigations by deploying the following species, backed up by standard physical ice properties: • water-isotopomeres δ 18 O-δD (thermometry) • various particulate key species as mineral dust, major ions, organic carbon (bio-geochemical cycles), • natural radionuclides as terrestrial 210 Pb, cosmogenic 10 Be, 3 H, 36 Cl (solar variability) and on 3 He, 4 He isotopes (basal layer dynamics). Apart from joint activities within polar ice core studies [EPICA Community Members, 2006], emphasis is thereby on the selfcontained exploration of non-temperated Alpine glaciers. Such small scale drill sites are unique in supplementing high latitude ice core findings, though reliable atmospheric signals would be much more difficult to elucidate here [Preunkert et al. , 2000]. In addition to ice core analyses, deserving application of novel techniques [Preunkert & Wagenbach, 1998] and species [Ruth et al. , 2003], also process-oriented field studies are regularly performed. These activities are aimed at understanding the transfer of the atmospheric signals into the glacier archive as well as at constraining their basic glaciological embedding conditions (as e.g. controlled by the near surface and near bed-rock glacier dynamics). Based on external collaborations, dedicated atmospheric observations are deployed here at various Alpine and Antarctic sites [Wagenbach et al. [1998], Piel et al. [2006]], which also include isotopic fingerprints of aerosol samples ( 15 N, 14 C, 10 Be). Within the glaciological issue, joint efforts range from ground penetrating radar soundings of the internal stratigraphy in Alpine glaciers
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Institut für Umweltphysik und Arbe
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4 CONTENTS 2.4.10 Satellite monitor
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6 CONTENTS
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Atmosphere and Remote Sensing 2.1 T
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12 CHAPTER 2. ATMOSPHERE AND REMOTE
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2.3. RADIATIVE TRANSFER 47 2.3 Radi
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2.3. RADIATIVE TRANSFER 51 2.3.2 Fi
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Bibliography 177
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180 CHAPTER 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY Butz, A
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182 CHAPTER 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY Leigh,
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184 CHAPTER 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY Wang, P
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186 CHAPTER 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY Kühl,
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7.3. PHD THESES 189 PhD Theses Boss
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7.5. INVITED TALKS 193 Invited Talk
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