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4 CONTENTS 2.4.10 Satellite monitoring of different vegetation types by differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) in the red spectral range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 2.5 MarHal - Modeling of marine and halogen chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 2.5.1 Modeling iodide – iodate speciation in atmospheric aerosol . . . . . . . . . . . 76 2.5.2 The Potential Importance of Frost Flowers for Ozone Depletion Events - A Model Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 2.5.3 Modeling organic surface films on Atmospheric Aerosol Particles and their Influence on Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 2.5.4 Importance of the surface reaction OH + Cl − on sea salt aerosol for the chemistry of the marine boundary layer - a model study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 2.6 Carbon Cycle Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 2.6.1 Top-down assessments of the regional H2 soil sink strength from continuous atmospheric observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 2.6.2 Inferring high-resolution fossil fuel CO2 records at continental sites from combined 14 CO2 and CO observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 2.6.3 Carbon cycle constraints derived from the interhemispheric ∆ 14 C difference . . 86 2.6.4 Investigating the soil sink of molecular Hydrogen (H2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 2.6.5 Observation of δ 13 C and δD in atmospheric methane and implementation of a methane module to the GRACE model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 3 Terrestrial Systems 91 3.1 Soil Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 3.1.1 Unstable Gravity-driven Fingering Flow in Unsaturated Porous Media . . . . . 97 3.1.2 Novel Evaporation Experiment to Determine Soil Hydraulic Properties . . . . . 98 3.1.3 Physical processes in the capillary fringe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 3.1.4 Extension of the Grenzhof test site for conducting hydrogeophysical investigations of water flow and solute transport at the field scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 3.1.5 Installation of three soil and weather monitoring stations in permafrost soils on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 3.1.6 Investigation on the applicability of remote sensing in surface moisture studies 102 3.1.7 Simulation of Ground Penetrating Radar Measurements over Multi-Layered Materials using a Plane Wave Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 3.2 Ice and Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 3.2.1 Radiocarbon measurement in ice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 3.2.2 Climate significance of stable water isotope records from Alpine ice cores. . . . 109 3.2.3 Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in glaciers: recent temporal changes and natural levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 3.2.4 Progress in developing novel tools for Antarctic ice core research . . . . . . . . 111 4 Aquatic Systems 115 4.1 Groundwater and Paleoclimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 4.1.1 A tracer study of paleoclimate and groundwater recharge in the North China Plain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 4.1.2 Dating young groundwater in the North China Plain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 4.1.3 A multi tracer study to investigate the groundwater in the Odenwald region . . 123 4.1.4 Noble gas measurements on fluid inclusions in speleothems . . . . . . . . . . . 124 4.1.5 Gas partitioning in groundwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 4.1.6 Laboratory and field experiments on the formation of excess air in groundwater 126 4.1.7 Excess air formation at an artificial recharge site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 4.1.8 Collecting dissolved gases in water by diffusion samplers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 4.2 Lake Research (Limnophysics) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 4.2.1 Empirical mode decomposition: A tool to analyse time series . . . . . . . . . . 133 4.2.2 Hydrology and vertical transport of meromictic mining lakes traced with SF6 on the background level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 5 Small-Scale Air-Sea Interaction 137 5.1 Small-Scale Air-Sea Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 5.1.1 Gas Exchange Measurements: The Transition of the Boundary Conditions from a Flat to a Wavy Water Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 5.1.2 Gas exchange rates by LIF imaging of O2 concentration boundary layer . . . . 145 5.1.3 Water flow measurements in environmental and biological systems . . . . . . . 146
CONTENTS 5 5.1.4 Measuring depth dependent concentration profiles via fluorescent pH-indicator 147 5.1.5 3D fluid flow measurement close to free water surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 5.1.6 Small-scale turbulence in the sea-surface microlayer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 5.1.7 Measurement of short wind waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 5.1.8 Spectroscopic Techniques for Gas-Exchange Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . 151 6 Forschungsstelle “Radiometrie” of the Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften155 6.1 Forschungsstelle ”Radiometrie” of the Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften . . . 157 6.1.1 Modelling growth and isotopic composition of stalagmites . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 6.1.2 A precisely dated climate record for the last 9 kyr from three high alpine stalagmites, Spannagel Cave, Austria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 6.1.3 Measurement of 231 Pa in deep-sea sediments via ICP-MS and AMS . . . . . . . 162 6.1.4 Ghost Resonance in Glacial Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 6.1.5 Dating and interpretation of climate proxies for three Holocene stalagmites from the South of Chile (Patagonia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 6.1.6 14 C in speleothems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 6.1.7 Precise dating of D/O-Events on a stalagmite from Socorta Island (Indian Ocean)166 6.1.8 Trace element mapping of speleothems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 6.1.9 U-series dating and paleoclimatic interpretation of the stable isotope profile of stalagmite ER76 from Grotta di Ernesto, Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 6.1.10 Kinetic Fractionation of Stable Isotopes in Speletothems - Laboratory Experiments169 6.1.11 231 Pa/ 235 U-Dating of fossil corals with AMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 6.1.12 Reconstruction of the geomagnetic field strength over the past 300.000 years derived from 10 Be data of deep sea sediments from the North and South Atlantic Ocean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Bibliography 177
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Page 9: Atmosphere and Remote Sensing 2.1 T
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56 CHAPTER 2. ATMOSPHERE AND REMOTE
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2.6. CARBON CYCLE GROUP 81 2.6 Carb
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2.6. CARBON CYCLE GROUP 83 • Radi
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2.6. CARBON CYCLE GROUP 85 2.6.2 In
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2.6. CARBON CYCLE GROUP 87 2.6.4 In
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2.6. CARBON CYCLE GROUP 89 Referenc
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Overview We study the whole range o
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3.1. SOIL PHYSICS 95 Main methods M
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3.1. SOIL PHYSICS 97 3.1.1 Unstable
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3.1. SOIL PHYSICS 99 3.1.3 Physical
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3.1. SOIL PHYSICS 101 3.1.5 Install
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3.1. SOIL PHYSICS 103 3.1.7 Simulat
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3.2. ICE AND CLIMATE 105 3.2 Ice an
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3.2. ICE AND CLIMATE 107 Funding
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3.2. ICE AND CLIMATE 109 3.2.2 Clim
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3.2. ICE AND CLIMATE 111 3.2.4 Prog
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3.2. ICE AND CLIMATE 113 Weller, R.
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Overview Werner Aeschbach-Hertig Su
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4.1. GROUNDWATER AND PALEOCLIMATE 1
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134 CHAPTER 4. AQUATIC SYSTEMS 4.2.
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Small-Scale Air-Sea Interaction 5.1
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140 CHAPTER 5. SMALL-SCALE AIR-SEA
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Bibliography 177
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180 CHAPTER 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY Butz, A
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182 CHAPTER 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY Leigh,
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184 CHAPTER 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY Wang, P
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186 CHAPTER 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY Kühl,
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7.3. PHD THESES 189 PhD Theses Boss
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7.5. INVITED TALKS 193 Invited Talk
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